California Transit Association

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AB 32 and the Scoping Plan

• California Transit Association
• May 20, 2008
• Karen Khamou
• Office of Climate Change
• California Air Resources Board

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What Is AB 32?

• Sets in statute 2020 GHG emissions limit at 1990
  level
• Acknowledges that 2020 is not the endpoint
• Air Resources Board (ARB) to monitor and regulate
  GHG sources
• Air Resources Board lead, but
• Cal/EPA and Climate Action Team continue
  statewide climate policy coordination
• Other agency authority preserved

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Climate Action Team (CAT)

• Led by Cal/EPA
• Many GHG reduction activities cut across agency
  boundaries
• Agencies other than ARB are lead for important
  components
• CAT will oversee coordinated effort to implement
  GHG emission reduction programs and report on
  progress

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AB 32 Timeline
2010
2011
2012
2020
2008
2009
2007
Identification/ implementation of further
emission reduction strategies
GHG reduction measures enforceable
Publish list of early actions
Early action regulations enforceable
Mandatory reporting 1990 Baseline
Adopt scoping plan
Reduce GHG emissions to 1990 levels
Adopt GHG reduction measures
Adopt enforceable early action regulations
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California GHG Emissions
Note Percents do not total 100. Roughly three
percent of the inventory is due to unspecified
fuel combustion and ODS substitute use, which is
not attributed to an individual sector (16.0
MMTCO2e in 2004).
ARB, California 1990 Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Level and 2020 Emissions Limit (2007),
www.arb.ca.gov/cc/ccei/inventory/1990_level.htm
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Magnitude of the Challenge
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Scoping Plan

• Describes how California will reduce GHG
  emissions to 1990 levels by 2020
• Provide a vision for a low carbon future -
  2020 and 2050
• Establish Californias leadership in climate
  change, while considering other GHG programs
• Maximize benefits to California

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Scoping Plan Measures

• AB 32 requires ARB to achieve the maximum
  technologically feasible and cost-effective
  greenhouse gas emission reductions
• Possible measures include
• Direct regulations
• Alternative compliance mechanisms
• Market-based compliance mechanisms
• Monetary and non-monetary incentives

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Core Measures in the Scoping Plan

• Core emission reduction measures expected to be
  included in the Scoping Plan
• Tailpipe GHG standards
• Low Carbon Fuel Standard
• Energy efficiency beyond current programs
• 20 Renewable Portfolio Standard
• Discrete Early Actions
• Vehicle Miles Traveled reductions

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Voluntary Early Actions

• Voluntary early actions are win/win
• Board adopted policy on February 28 to encourage
  voluntary action
• Work with California Climate Action Registry to
  allow documentation of voluntary actions
• Work with interested parties to review proposed
  quantification methodologies
• Work with air districts to promote expedited
  development of quantification methods

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Transportation Strategies
Vehicle Technology
Vehicle Use
Fuels
Transp. GHG
GHG Mile

GHG Gallon

VMT

Transp. Land Use Strategies
AB 1493 Regulation
Low-Carbon Fuel Standard
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Examples of Scoping Plan Vehicle Measures

• Adopted measures
• AB 1493 (Pavley)
• Early Actions
• Strengthening the Pavley regulation
• Cool Paints
• Truck Efficiency
• Additional Early Actions Tire Inflation,
  Enforcement, Hybridization of Urban Trucks,
  TRUs (electric standby)

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Low Carbon Fuel Standard

• Directed by the Governors Executive Order
  (S-01-07)
• ARB approved the LCFS as a Discrete Early Action
• Adopt the regulation in 2009, implement beginning
  in 2010
• Reduce carbon intensity of Californias
  transportation fuels by at least 10 percent by
  2020

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Overview of LCFS

• Life-cycle-based
• Fuel providers to decrease GHG emissions on a
  life-cycle basis (the carbon-intensity) of
  average fuel sold
• Intensity
• Governs intensity, not amount sold
• Performance-based
• Sets carbon reduction standards and methods to
  calculate compliance
• LCFS elements for compliance
• Allows averaging, banking and trading to lower
  cost and provide flexibility among fuel
  providers
• Fuel neutral
• Fuel providers can choose which fuels and volumes
  to sell

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Potentially Lower or Very Low Carbon Fuels

• Lower carbon ethanol (more efficient production
  process) or very low carbon ethanol
  (cellulosic)
• Increase use of ethanol at 10 or at 85 for flex
  fuel vehicles
• Electricity and Hydrogen
• CNG, LNG, LPG
• Biogas, Biodiesel, Renewable Diesel

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Benefits of LCFS

• Less dependence on petroleum
• Larger renewable fuels market
• Expand Californias alternative fuels markets by
  3 to 5 times, while reducing emissions
• More alternative fuel and hybrid vehicles
• Several million advanced technology vehicles,
  more than 10 times the current level

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Reducing VMT

• Land Use Sub-Group of the Climate Action Team
  (LUSCAT)
• Multi-agency planning effort
• Considerations include
• Reducing growth
• City planning
• How cities operate
• Alternative commute options
• Topic of Board update on May 22 (Fresno)

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Scoping Plan Development Schedule
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Contacts and More Information

• ARB Climate Change Web Site
• http//www.arb.ca.gov/cc/cc.htm
• Stay informed - sign up for list serve
• California Climate Change Portal
• http//www.climatechange.ca.gov
• Karen Khamou, [phone],
• kkhamou_at_arb.ca.gov