Conjunction

1
Conjunction Opposition Greatest
Elongation Retrograde Prograde Superior
Planet Inferior Planet Geocentric Heliocentric Def
erent Epicycle
2
Conjunction
3
Opposition

4
Inferior Never Far From Sun Greatest
Elongation Conjunction Retrograde at every other
Conjunction
Superior Opposition Conjunction Retrograde at
every Opposition
5
Ancient Astronomy

• Sun/Moon/Earth
• Phases
• Eclipses
• Solar
• Lunar

• Planets
• Retrograde
• Prograde
• Heliocentric
• Geocentric

6
Theories
Geocentric Earth at Center Heliocentric Sun at
Center
7
Geocentric
Model by Hipparchus Improved by
Ptolomy Deferents Epicycles
8
Hipparchus

9
Hipparchus

Deferent
10
Hipparchus

Deferent
11
Hipparchus
Epicycle

Deferent
12
Hipparchus
Epicycle

Deferent
13
Hipparchus
Epicycle

Deferent
14
Hipparchus
Epicycle

Deferent
15
Hipparchus
Epicycle

Deferent
16
Hipparchus
Epicycle

Deferent
17
Hipparchus
Epicycle

Deferent
18
Hipparchus
Epicycle

Deferent
19
Hipparchus
Epicycle

Deferent
20
Hipparchus
Epicycle

Deferent
21
Hipparchus
Epicycle

Deferent
22
Hipparchus
Epicycle

Deferent
23
Hipparchus
Prograde

Retrograde
24
Hipparchus
Prograde

Retrograde
25
Inferior Planets
Inferior Epicycles Tied Between Earth and Sun


26
Inferior Planets
Inferior Epicycles Tied Between Earth and Sun


27
Inferior Planets
Inferior Epicycles Tied Between Earth and Sun

28
Inferior Planets
Retrograde at One Conjunction Prograde at Other
Conjunction


29
Superior Planets


Retrograde at Opposition if Timed Right This one
is timed wrong.
30
Superior Planets

Retrograde at Opposition if Timed Right This one
is timed right.

31
Ptolomy
Earth is not at the center of deferents.


32
(No Transcript)
33
Heliocentric
Superior planets orbit farther from the sun, and
slower.
Inferior planets orbit closer to the sun, and
faster.
Å

34
Heliocentric
Clockwise is retrograde.
Å

Conjunction
35
Heliocentric
Counterclockwise is prograde.
Conjunction
Å

36
Superior Conjunction
Å

37
Inferior Conjunction
Å

38
Heliocentric
Clockwise is retrograde.

Å
Opposition
39
Heliocentric
Counterclockwise is prograde.

Å
Conjunction
40
Aristotle
Proved Heliocentric Model Wrong Proved Earth Does
Not Orbit Sun Proved Earth Does Not Move

• Phases of the Moon
• Moon is a Sphere
• Moon orbits Earth
• Moon closer than Sun
• Moon gets light from Sun
• Earth is a Sphere
• Lunar Eclipses
• Altitude of Polaris

41
Parallax
Parallax is the apparent motion of something,
caused by the motion of the observer.
42
Parallax
Å

Å
43
Aristotle

• Earth Corrupt and Changeable
• Beyond Earth
• Perfect and Unchangeable
• Law of Motion
• Force Required to Keep Things Moving
• What keeps arrows in flight?

44
Ancient Astronomy

• Sun/Moon/Earth
• Phases
• Eclipses
• Solar
• Lunar

• Planets
• Retrograde
• Prograde
• Heliocentric
• Geocentric