Hybrids

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Hybrids

• Types of Hybrids
• Powertrain Configurations
• Hybrid terms

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Hybrid Types

• Full Hybrid
• Can be driven for short distances by electric
  motor alone
• ICE (internal combustion engine) turns on when
  battery charge drops below a certain threshold or
  on heavy acceleration
• Both engine and motor work together to provide
  propulsion for vehicle
• Examples Toyota Prius Ford Fusion Chevy Tahoe

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Hybrid Types

• Mild Hybrid
• Uses electric motor to supplement ICE
• Electric motor is mounted between ICE and
  transmission
• Efficiency is gained from use of small engine and
  stop/start system
• Examples Honda Civic

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Powertrain Configurations

• Parallel Hybrid
• Uses both ICE and electric motor for vehicle
  propulsion together
• Electric motor can be switched as a generator to
  recharge battery pack during deceleration
• ICE is used as main power source and electric
  motor as assistance
• Example Honda Civic, Insight

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Powertrain Configurations

• Series Hybrid
• ICE drives a generator to power electric motor
  and recharge battery pack
• Electric motor drives vehicle from electricity
  produced by generator
• Efficiencies gained by operating small ICE in a
  narrow operating range for generator operation
• Example Chevy Volt

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Powertrain Configurations

• Series-Parallel Hybrid
• Combines systems with two electric motors and one
  ICE
• Propulsion power can come from one electric motor
  or electric motor and ICE
• ICE excess power can be used to generate
  electricity while driving vehicle
• Example Toyota Prius Ford Escape Chevy Tahoe

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Hybrid Terms

• Belt-Alternator Starter system (BAS) combination
  of motor/generator bolted to front of engine and
  connects to engine with a belt
• Provides slight boost for acceleration
• Generates electricity on deceleration
• Allows stop/start operation of ICE
• Example Saturn Vue

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Hybrid Terms

• Plug-In Hybrid
• Initial charge is provided from electric grid
• Propulsion comes entirely from electric motor(s)
• Onboard ICE generates electricity for motor(s)
  and battery pack only
• Range on initial charge is limited to about 40
  miles
• Example Chevy Volt (2010)

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Hybrid Terms

• Two-Mode marketing name for system using two
  electric motors/generators and an ICE
• At low speeds vehicle can use electric motors or
  ICE or any combination for propulsion
• At high speeds or with heavy loads, ICE is used
  constantly and can use assistance from electric
  motors
• Example Chevy Tahoe