Crossroads Blues

1
Crossroads Blues

• British Blues Invasion
• Chapters 6 and 10 in Szatmary
• (Pages 120-130 177-196)

2
Deep Blues

• Rock n Roll derives from the bluesfrom the
  urban/jump blues of the 40s
  
• British Blues Invasion comes from the Deep Blues
  (Delta Blues) of the 30s and Chicago Blues of the
  40s and 50s
  
• Robert Johnson
• Muddy Waters
• Elmore James
• Blind Lemmon Jefferson
• John Lee Hooker
• Chart

3
Britain Rediscovers the Blues
And.. Eric Clapton, Ginger Baker, John McVie, Ra
y Davies, Peter Green

• Chris Barber
• Brings over Muddy Waters (1958)
• Opened Marquee Club London (1960)
• Alexis Korner Cyril Davies
• Blues Incorporated (1962)
• Charlie Watts (drummer)
• Opened the Ealing Club
• Attracted Brian Jones, Mick Jagger, Keith
  Richards
  
• John Mayall and the Bluesbreakers
• Crawdaddy Club run by Giorgio Gomelsky

4
The Blues Revival
Keith Richards Pete Townsend David Bowie Tony Top
ham Keith Relf Jim McCarty Dick Taylor Syd Barre
t
Brian Eno Ian Drury Joe Strummer John Lennon

• The blues craze
• Tribute bands emulate black culture
• The people who played the music and their
  influences
  
• Mostly middle/upper class
• The influence of British art school
• How successful were they?
• They can play guitar, but they cant vocal like
  a black man (Muddy Waters)
  
• Black musicians dont like to play in an old
  style they prefer to play in todays or
  tomorrows style (Amet Ertegun)
  
• Blues Ideal one person against the world
• Actually created a new electric blues

5
British Blues

• Borrowed from the Blues
• Attitude posturing, challenging, sexual
• Direct language with a nasty edge
• Heavy guitar riffs strong beat thick texture
• String-bending blues-scale guitar solos
• Two styles emerged
• Group-oriented rock e.g. Stones, Yardbirds
• Solo-oriented rock e.g. Hendrix, Clapton

6
Artists

• Group-oriented
• Rolling Stones
• Animals
• Them
• Kinks
• Yardbirds
• Who
• Cream

• Solo-oriented The Guitar Gods
• Eric Clapton
• Jimi Hendrix
• Jimmy Page

7
The Rolling Stones
Original
Bill Wyman
Brian Jones
Mick Jagger
Charlie Watts
Keith Richards
8
Early Stones

• How Mick met Keith
• Form Glimmer Twins with Dick Taylor
• Brian Jones
• Blues purist early leader
• Debuted as Rolling Stones on July 12, 1962 at
  Marquee Club (with pianist Ian Stewart)
  
• Began 8 month internship as house band at
  Crawdaddy Club in 1963 (Wyman Watts join)
  
• Discovered by Andrew Logg-Oldham, Apr 28
• name comes from

Muddy Waters Like a Rolling Stone
9
Disciples of Chicago Blues
Recast Hollys song with a Bo Diddley beat
Toured Britain with Bo Diddley and the Everly Br
os in 1964

• Early Records mostly cover songs
• Come On (Chuck Berry) -- I Wanna be Loved (Muddy
  Waters) (Mar 1963)
  
• Im a Kingbee (Slim Harpo) -- Carol (Chuck
  Berry)
  
• Honest I Do (Jimmy Reed) -- Little Red Rooster
  (Willie Dixon)
  
• I Wanna be your Man (Lennon-McCartney) 12
• Not Fade Away (Buddy Holly) 3
• Many of these cuts recorded at Chess in Chicago

10
Stones Turn
Raunchy

• Andrew Loog-Oldham Manager
• Publicist worked for Epstein
• Originally marketed like Beatles
• Changed to anti-Beatles
• Threatening, uncouth, animalistic
• Rebellious, individualistic, repulsive
• Would you let your daughter go out with a
  Rolling Stone?
  
• Became Rocks original bad boys
• New Bohemians
• Lyrics become aggressive, misogynist,
  hatefule.g. Under My Thumb (Aftermath)

Im Andrew Loog-Oldham. Im hyphenated
11
Under My Thumb
Thats Brian Jones playing the marimbas

• Under my thumb
• The girl who once had me down
• Under my thumb
• The girl who once pushed me around
• It's down to me
• The difference in the clothes she wears
• Down to me, the change has come,
• She's under my thumb
• Ain't it the truth babe?
• Under my thumb
• The squirmin' dog who's just had her day
• Under my thumb
• A girl who has just changed her ways

• It's down to me, yes it is
• The way she does just what she's told
• Down to me, the change has come
• She's under my thumb
• Ah, ah, say it's alright
• Under my thumb
• A siamese cat of a girl
• Under my thumb
• She's the sweetest, hmmm, pet in the world

12
Success

• First US tour (June-July 1964) awful
• 2nd tour successful Ed Sullivan (Oct 25, 1964)
• Condemned by US press great crowds
• Become less blues-oriented
• Jagger/Richards begin writing
• Brian Jones pushed into the background
• Satisfaction (June 1965) 1
• Get off of My Cloud (Oct 1965) 1
• Paint it Black (May 1966) 1
• Ruby Tuesday (Feb 1967) 1
• Jumpin Jack Flash (Jun 1968) 3
• Honky Tonk Woman (Jul 1969) 1

13
I cant get no Satisfaction

• Written by Jagger/Richards
• Richards (the human riff) mimics soul-style
  horns
  
• Sets Jaggers style sullen, slurred, mocking
• Voted greatest R R song (Mojo)
• Covered by Otis Redding

When Im watchin my tv And that man comes on to
tell me How white my shirts can be. Well he can
t be a man cause he doesnt smoke
The same cigarrettes as me. I cant get no, oh no
no no.
When Im ridin round the world
And Im doin this and Im signing that
And Im tryin to make some girl
Who tells me baby better come back later next
week cause you see Im on losing streak.
When Im drivin in my car And that man comes on
the radio And hes tellin me more and more Abou
t some useless information Supposed to fire my im
agination. I cant get no, oh no no no.
14
Stones Albums 1964-71

• 1968 Beggars Banquet
• 1969 Let It Bleed
• 1970 Get Yer Ya-Ya's Out Live
• 1971 Gimme Shelter
• 1971 Milestones
• 1971 Sticky Fingers
• 1971 Stone Age
• 1972 Exile on Main Street

• 1964 Rolling Stones
• 1965 December's Children
• 1965 Out of Our Heads
• 1965 Rolling Stones Now!
• 1966 Aftermath
• 1967 Between the Buttons
• 1967 Flowers
• 1967 Their Satanic Majesties Request

15
Animals

• From Newcastle
• (NE England--1962)
• Eric Burden (singer)
• Bryan Chas Chandler (bass)
• Alan Price (organ)
• Hilton Valentine (lead guitar)
• John Steel (drummer)
• House of the Rising Sun (1964) 1
• Covers of John Lee Hooker, Sam Cooke
• We Gotta Get out of this Place (1965) 1

16
House of the Rising Son

• Traditional Blues song
• Appeared on Dylans first album
• Dylans version came from Dave Van Ronk via Woody
  Guthrie via Ledbelly
  
• Usually sung by a woman (prostitute)
• Burden recasts it as a male (hooker?)
• Great arrangement by Allan Price
• First folk-rock song? Dave Marsh

Traditional There is a house in New OrleansThey
call the Rising Sun.It's been the ruin of many
a poor girl,and me, O God, for one.
My mother she's a tailor she sold those new bl
ue jeans.My sweetheart, he's a drunkard, Lord,
Lord,drinks down in New Orleans.
Animals There is a house in New Orleans They ca
ll the Rising Sun And it's been the ruin of many
a poor boy And God I know I'm one My mother
was a tailor She sewed my new bluejeans My
father was a gamblin' man Down in New Orleans
17
Van Morrison and Them

• From Belfast, N. Ireland (1964)
• George Ivan Morrison (left in 66)
• Baby Please Dont Go (1965)
• Here Come the Night (1965)
• Gloria (1965)
• Morrisons solo career
• Astral Weeks (1968)
• Moondance (1970)

18
Gloria

• Very suggestive (banned)
• Jimmy Page on guitar
• B-side song only reached 71 (1965)
• Shadows of Knight had a top 10 hit
• Became THE garage band song in North America
• Them spent time with the Doors in California
  before splitting up

19
The Kinks

• Formed in London, 1963
• Ray Dave Davies Davis
• Peter Quaife
• Mick Avory
• Hits defined the power chord
• You Really Got Me (1964) primal power-chord
  garage classic
  
• All Day and All of the Night (1965)
• Lola (1970) gender-bending masterpiece
• Disastrous US tour in 1965 (4-year ban)

20
The Kinks

• Ray Davies
• Good songwriter / so-so musician
• Clever, imaginative lyrics social satire
• Began mixing English Music Hall Rock
• Something Else (1967)
• Concept album
• Waterloo Sunset
• The most English British group
• Big influence on Blur and The Jam

21
The Yardbirds

• Houseband at Gomelskys Crawdaddy Club (1963)
• Keith Relf (singer) (art school buddies)
• Jim McCarty (drums)
• Chris Dreja, Top Topham (guitars)
• Paul Samwell-Smith (bass)
• Guitar wizards
• Eric Clapton joins 1963 leaves 1965
• Jeff Beck joins 1965 leaves 1966
• Jimmy Page joins 1966 leaves 1968
• Forms basis of Led Zeppelin (via New Yardbirds)

22
Yardbird Hits

• For Your Love (1965) (Clapton)
• Heart full of Soul (1965) (Beck)
• Im a Man (1965) (Beck)
• Shape of Things (1966) (Beck)
• Over Under Sideways Down (1966) (Beck)
• Concentrated on instrumental improvisation/ short
  on song writing
  
• Disbanded in 1968

23
For Your Love 2 UK- 6 US (1965)

• Written by Graham Gouldman (10cc)
• Harpsichord, bongos, bowed bass, chanting
• Tempo changes
• Minor-toned chord progressions with an Eastern
  feel
  
• Clapton left Yardbirds because song was too pop

24
The Who

• Originally Detours then High Numbers
• Roger Daltry (singer)
• Pete Townshend (guitar, writer)
• John Entwistle (bass)
• Doug Sandon / Keith Moon (drums)
• Marketed as Mods
• Pete Meaden, 1st manager
• Chris Stamp / Kit Lambert
• new clothes
• Wild smashing stage act
• Working class roots
• Yet, introduced Rock-Opera

25
Who Hits

• UK hits Maximum RB
• I Cant Explain (1965)
• Anyway Anyhow Anywhere (1965)
• My Generation (1965) 2 UK
• hope I die before I get old
• US Tour 1967 Monterey Pop Festival
• I Can See for Miles (1967) 8 US
• Magic Bus (1968)
• Tommy and Quadrophenia Rock Operas

Roger Daltry
26
My Generation

• People try to put us d - down (Talkin' 'bout my
  generation)
  
• Just because we get around
• Things they do look awful c - c - cold
• I hope I die before I get old
• This is my generation
• This is my generation, baby
• Why don't you all f - fade away
• And don't try to dig what we all s - s - say
• I'm not trying to cause a big s - s - sensation
• I'm just talkin' 'bout my g - g - g - generation

John Entwhislesdriving bass runs
27
The Who Albums 1965-81
Best 60s Album Mock pirate-radio show I can see
for miles

• 1965 My Generation
• 1966 Quick One
• 1967 Happy Jack
• 1967 Who Sell Out
• 1968 Furious Prelude
• 1968 Magic Bus
• 1969 Tommy
• 1970 Live at Leeds
• 1971 Who's Next
• 1973 Quadrophenia

Rock Opera
Meant to be Sci-Fi Rock Opera Lifehouse
Wont get fooled again
Rock Opera
28
Cream 1966-68

• Eric Clapton - guitar
• Jack Bruce - bass, most vocals, writer (Pete
  Brown)
  
• Ginger Baker - drums
• Ultimate power trio 1st rock supergroup to
  become superstars
  
• Real start of hard rock evolution of blues
• Married the authentic power of the blues with the
  commercial appeal of rock
  
• Fastest, loudest, most overpowering blues-based
  rock
  
• Long, legendary shows in the US

29
Creams Hits

• Sunshine of your love Feb 1968 5
• White Room Oct 1968 6
• Badge (with George Harrison) 1969
• Albums
• Fresh Cream 1966
• Disreali Gears 1967
• Wheels of fire 1968
• Goodbye 1969

30
Badge (Eric Clapton and George Harrison)

• Thinkin' 'bout the times you drove in my car.
• Thinkin' that I might have drove you too far.
• And I'm thinkin' 'bout the love that you laid on
  my table.
  
• I told you not to wander 'round in the dark.
• I told you 'bout the swans, that they live in the
  park.
  
• Then I told you 'bout our kid now he's married
  to Mabel.
  
• Yes, I told you that the light goes up and down.
• Don't you notice how the wheel goes 'round?
• And you better pick yourself up from the ground
• Before they bring the curtain down.
• Yes, before they bring the curtain down.
• Talkin' 'bout a girl that looks quite like you.
• She didn't have the time to wait in the queue.
• She cried away her life since she fell off the
  cradle.
  

31
Other Groups

• Spencer Davis Group
• Steve (organ-vocals) Muff Winwood (bass), Peter
  York (drums)
  
• Gimme Some Lovin (1965)
• Manfred Mann (Manfred Lubowitz)
• Do Wah Diddy
• Got My Mojo Working
• Paul Jones (vocals)

Spenser Davis Group
32
Solo-oriented blues-rock

• Guitar heroes
• Eric Clapton
• Jimi Hendrix
• Jimmy Page

33
The era of the Guitar Hero

• The electric guitar becomes almost the sole
  instrument of rock music
  
• New emphasis on albums
• 1968- first year that albums outsell singles
• FM Radio new and exciting/ play long songs whole
  albums
  
• DJs have lots of creative freedom
• Gradually FM becomes corporate and boring

34
Eric Clapton

• Blues fanatic (b. 1945)
• Wanted to master Black idiom
• Loner troubled childhood
• Influences
• Robert Johnson
• Freddie King
• Band Career
• Yardbirds 1963
• John Mayals Blues Breakers 1964
• Cream 1966
• Traffic /Blind Faith /Delaney and Bonnie 1969-70

35
Clapton solo

• Layla (1970) (remade 1992)
• Almost died. Heroin addict.
• 1974 launches comeback. Toned down blues based
  pop
  
• 461 Ocean Boulevard (1974)
• I shot the Sheriff / Motherless Children
• Personal tragedy
• Stevie Ray Vaughan 1990
• Conor Clapton (5) 1991

36
Layla and other love songs

• Considered to be Claptons best work. Released in
  1971.
  
• Derrick and the DominoesKey players
• Duane Allman-guitars
• Karl Radle-bass
• Jim Gordon- drums
• Layla- ultimate hurtin song. Clapton in love
  with his best friends wife (Patti Harrison).

37
Laylaby Eric Clapton and Jim Gordon

• What'll you do when you get lonely
• And nobody's waiting by your side?
• You've been running and hiding much too long.
• You know it's just your foolish pride.
• Layla, you've got me on my knees.
• Layla, I'm begging, darling please.
• Layla, darling won't you ease my worried mind.

• I tried to give you consolation
• When your old man had let you down.
• Like a fool, I fell in love with you,
• Turned my whole world upside down.
• Let's make the best of the situation
• Before I finally go insane.
• Please don't say we'll never find a way
• And tell me all my love's in vain.

38
Jimi Hendrix

• Brief shining moment 1967-70
• Monterey to Woodstock
• Ultimate guitar hero unique
• Fused RB, jazz, blues as no one else
• Instinctive musician lived guitar
• Musical themes escape and freedom
• Public Image wild drug freak
• Personality
• Soft-spoken, unsure, private, shy
• Outsider black-white-Cheroke
• Always on the move

39
Hendrixs Career

• Born in Seattle 1942
• Divorced parents mother died
• Lived with an aunt in Vancouver
• Joined the army
• Apprenticed with many bands
• Wilson Pickett, Isley Brothers, Little Richard,
  James Brown, Muddy Waters and John Lee Hooker
  
• Moved to New York 1964
• Formed own band played at Café Wha
• Discovered by Chas Chandler (Animals)
• Moved to England 1966

40
Jimi Hendrix Experience

• Cream Style Trio
• Noel Redding (bass)
• Mitch Mitchell (drums)
• Image Frizzled afro, mod clothes, psychedelia
• British hits
• Hey Joe 1967 1
• Purple Haze 1967 3
• Monterey Pop Festival June 1967
• Burned guitar instant fame
• Talent so intimidating, few would appear
• US Tour with the Monkees
• 1st album Are You Experienced (1967) 5

41
Purple Haze

• Signals shift in balance Guitar takes over
• Harmonies shift from major to minor pentatonic
  (blues)
  
• Long 3 part intro
• Tritone riff, melodic phrases, groove
• Voice surfaces in stop-time
• Scuse me while I kiss the sky Help me
• Study in opposites
• Guitarist vs Vocalist
• Structure vs Frenzy

42
Hendrix new directions

• Albums show increasing experimentation
• Axis as bold as love Feb 1968- 3
• Electric Ladyland Nov 1968- 1
• More bluesy electronic experiments Voodoo
  Child
  
• All Along the Watchtower 1968 (only US hit)
• Experience fell apart 1968
• Band of Gypsies
• Buddy Miles, Billy Cox
• Trouble with Michael Jeffrey (manger)
• Opened recording studio in New York
• Explored working with jazz musicians Coltrane

43
Last Year

• Woodstock 1969
• Star-Spangled Banner Black Panthers
• Isle of Wight Concert 1970
• London, Sep 18, 1970
• Sleeping pill overdose
• Left many hours of unreleased, unfinished
  recordings
  
• First ray of the rising sun

44
Jimmy Page

• Session musician
• Bass, lead guitar, rhythm guitar
• Kinks, Them and The Who
• Involved in studio technology
• Joins Yardbirds in 1966
• Forms New Yardbirds in 1968
• Led Zeppelin modeled on Cream
• Influences Jeff Beck, Hendrix
• Robert Plant (vocals), John Paul Jones (bass),
  John Bonham (drums)

45
Led Zeppelin

• Underground Image
• Little publicity or marketing (Manager Peter
  Grant)
  
• Numbered Titles I, II, III, IV
• Few singles
• Loud, loud concerts
• Page had producing rights with Atlantic
• Heartbreaker (II) epitomizes hard rock style
• Stairway to Heaven (IV) mystical anthem

46
Beginnings of Heavy Metal

• Heavy Metal ? Jimi Hendrixs music (NY Times)
• Or Steppenwolfs Born to be Wild
• heavy metal thunder
• Characteristics
• Loudvery loud and aggressive
• Lots of soloing guitar and drums low register
• Nihilistic/occult influences
• Appealed to male, working-class audiences

47
Beginnings of Heavy Metal

• Black Sabbath (Birmingham, 1967)
• Ozzie Osbourne, Tony Iommi (guitar) Terry
  Geezer Butler (bass), Bill Ward (drums)
  
• Started as Earth Hamburg apprenticeship
• Paranoid (1970) single 12 1971
• Iron Butterfly (San Diego, 1966)
• Doug Ingle (organ), Ron Bushy (drums) Darryl
  DeLoach (vocals), Jerry Weis (guitar), Jerry
  Penrod (bass)
  
• In-A-Gadda-Da-Vida (1968) In the garden of Eden
  (radio edit 30 1969)

48
End