High Performance Facilities

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High Performance Facilities

• Are we embracing the challenge of
  sustainability?
• E. Lander Medlin, EVP, APPA
• November 3, 2005

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PURPOSE

• To focus on high performance facilities in the
  broader context of environmental sustainability
  and the shift in thinking and action needed in
  higher education, its operations and practices.

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What we will cover

• What is sustainability?
• Why is sustainability even more important today?
• Highlight effective innovative greening
  practices, the associated cost savings, funding
  approaches.
• Identify basic design elements of high
  performance facilities their cost/benefit.
• Discuss importance of these operational
  activities to the educational experience.

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Definition of SUSTAINABILITY Meeting the needs
of the present generation without compromising
the ability of future generations to meet their
own needs,
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We must seek to mimic the way nature operates!
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Sustainability Its not just a pretty word,
its a sobering challenge maybe the ultimate
challenge!
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Understanding the Higher Education Market/
Industry

• 4,100 colleges universities
• 15M students
• 3M faculty staff
• 2 of U.S. Workforce
• 300B enterprise
• 3 of gross domestic product
• 20B Operations/Maintenance and Energy/Utilities,
  alone
• 14B Construction projects estimated annually

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Understanding Higher Education Facilities

• 240,000 existing buildings
• Comprising 5B sf of floor space
• Median age 32 years
• Current Replacement Value - 500B
• Deferred Maintenance backlog - 26B
• ALL types of facilities/spaces
• Like managing a small city or municipality!

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Buildings consume our precious natural resources

• 1/6th freshwater withdrawals
• 1/4th worlds wood harvest
• 1/3rd of all energy in U.S.
• 2/3rd of all electricity generated in U.S.

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Buildings are a major source of air pollution and
greenhouse gas emissions

• 49 of sulfur dioxide emissions
• 35 of CO2 emissions
• 25 of nitrous oxide emissions
• 10 of particulate emissions
• Construction alone generates 136M tons of waste
  per year
• Buildings A chief pollutant blamed for climate
  change.

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Buildings have a significant negative impact on
the environment based on

• Systemic design failures
• Poor engineering
• Choice of materials manner used (most energy
  materials originate in the natural world)
• Inefficient technologies operations
• Little relationship to life cycle environmental
  impacts

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WHY SHOULD WE CARE?

• Fits with culture and values of campus (64)
• Good public relations (47)

• Cost effective (41)
• Student recruitment (17)

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What have we been doing?

• Upgrade lighting efficiency (81)
• Reduce use of hard paper copies (69)
• Use native plants (51)

• Start micro-scale labs (43)
• Restore habitat (36)
• Specify recycled with high post-consumer content
  (25)

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What are we doing today?

• Smarter Transportation Practices
• Adequate and protected bike racks (59)
• Free or discounted bus passes for students (23)
  and/or staff
• Carpooling programs (17)
• Incentives not to drive alone (13)
• Bicycle lanes (13)
• All reducing need for new parking/ roads

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CURBING EMISSIONS COSTS

• CU eliminated 750 parking spaces and 1,500 car
  trips per day offering student bus passes saving
  8,000/space
• Cornell commuters drive 10 million fewer miles
  annually reducing CO2 by 6.7 million pounds
• Madison, WI used UW-M to assist in solving
  violation of Clean Air Act

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What are we doing today?

• Improving Energy Efficiency Conservation
• SUNY-Buffalo
• Tulane University

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CUTTING CARBON?

• Over 300 energy conservation projects at
  SUNY-Buffalo
• Save 9 million annually
• Reduce CO2 by over 63 million pounds annually
• All with help of 200 Building Conservation
  Coordinators (BCCs)

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Tulanes Energy Star Dorm Room

• Using Energy Star rated appliances, this model
  dorm room saves 130/room (times 1700 rooms!)
• Student-created leadership position,
  Environmental Coordinator

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What are we doing today?

• Purchasing Renewable Energy
• Colorado University, Boulder
• Georgetown University

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USING RENEWABLES?

• CU Students vote to increase tuition by
  1/semester
• Purchase output of a wind turbine
• Power 3 student buildings
• Reduce CO2 by 1,400 tons/year

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Renewables

• Georgetown University, Intercultural Center, uses
  large solar array to produce 10 of buildings
  needs, saving 45,000 annually and reducing CO2
  emissions

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What are we doing today?

• Curbing Water Waste Restoring Habitat
• Brown University
• Mesa Community College

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CURBING H20 WASTE?

• Students at Brown U audit residences
• Replace 750 showerheads
• Save the university 45,800 annually
• Reduce water consumption by over 12.6 million
  gallons annually

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RESTORING HABITAT?Before and After at Mesa
Community College, AZ
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OTHER HABITAT EXAMPLES

• Nebraska Wesleyan restores native prairie grasses
• St. Olaf College restores wetland
• Ohio State University constructs river wetland

• Mesa Community College replaces turf with native
  flora
• Texas AM students study wetland cells
• University of Florida restores a wetland

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What are we doing today?

• Recycling Efforts/ Curbing Waste
• MIT
• Various materials percentages recycled
• 83 high grade paper
• 78 low grades
• 80 cardboard
• 87 aluminum
• 50 glass
• 47 plastic
• 49 food
• 48 construction waste

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Recycling Efforts

• When the facilities staff teamed up with
  students, it achieves results and students learn
• MIT increases use of post-consumer paper from
  5-64 percent of campus

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• As you can see, environmental improvements also
  save our institutions money!

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Elements of High Performance Facilities

• Sustainable design IS about
• Improving public health reducing environmental
  impacts
• Maximizing energy efficiency conserving natural
  resources
• Integrating technology common sense into
  building design
• Incorporating sustainability issues throughout
  the design process
• Involving key stakeholders in all phases of the
  process

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Elements of High Performance Facilities

• Sustainable design IS NOT about
• Adding green elements to an existing process
• Focusing only on design elements
• Relying solely on technological solutions
• Focusing on environmental issues at the expense
  of occupants, health safety

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Elements of High Performance Facilities

• What can sustainable design do for you?
• Reduce capital costs
• Lower operating maintenance costs
• Increase occupant productivity, lower
  absenteeism, improve employee job satisfaction
• Minimize exposure to toxic emissions

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Elements of High Performance Facilities

• Building design, appropriate technologies,
  siting, land use, materials, equipment,
  construction methods, and operations
  maintenance practices all contribute to a
  buildings sustainability.
• Use LEED (USGBC established guidelines rating
  system for green buildings)
• Use Building Blocks of High Performance School
  Buildings (developed by the Sustainable Buildings
  Industry Council)

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Building Blocks of High Performance Facilities

• Acoustic comfort
• Commissioning
• Daylighting
• Durability
• Energy analysis tools
• Energy-efficient building shell
• Environmentally preferable materials products
• Environmentally responsive site planning

• High-performance HVAC
• High-performance electric lighting
• Life Cycle cost analysis
• Renewable energy
• Safety Security
• Superior IAQ
• Thermal comfort
• Visual comfort
• Water efficiency

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Green construction addresses challenges such as

• Growing costs of transmission distribution
  congestion
• Reduced energy demand (from slowing dependence on
  natural gas markets)
• Cut pollution
• Meet emission reductions targets
• Improved quality of education environment
• Superior health comfort work environment
• Enhance productivity competitiveness

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Perception

• Green buildings are substantially more costly
  than conventional design and not worth the extra
  cost.

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FACTS

• Average premium for green buildings is slightly
  less than 2 or 3-5/sqft
• Average annual cost of energy in buildings is
  about 2/sqft
• Green buildings use 30 less energy
• More likely to generate 2 power on-site
• Therefore, 30 reduced consumption at 0.08/kwh
  electric price is equivalent to 0.30/sqft/yr (20
  yr NPV 5/sqft)
• (NOT accounting for environmental health costs
  associated with air pollution fossil fuel use)

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Case Studies

• Mueller Building at Penn State
• Green Building Costs Financial Benefits
  report of 33 LEED buildings (State of
  Massachusetts) by G. H. Kats
• Harvards Revolving Loan Fund for Sustainability
  Projects

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Financial Benefits

• Energy water savings
• Reduced waste
• Improved indoor environmental quality
• Greater employee comfort productivity
• Reduced employee health costs
• Lower operations maintenance costs

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• Its no longer green design its just good
  design!

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Why should we lead the way?

• Education role for current future leaders
• Collective purchasing power
• Collective environmental impacts
• Setting an example/ social responsibility

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Why should we lead the way?

• Not a problem in education
• It is of education.
• Must not only see ourselves in the community
• Must see ourselves of the community.

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• We cannot solve the significant problems we face
  today at the same level of thinking in which they
  were created.
• (Einstein)

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Strategy

• Requires an approach that is interdependent
  integrated, conscious visible linking all
  organizations operations sustainability
  efforts to the formal curriculumcommunicating
  everything were doing to everyone.

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Conclusion

• New paradigm
• New strategy/approach
• Collective change synergistic effect
• What we do individually will never come close to
  the impact and influence we can have
  collectively.

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