MLA Format:

1
MLA Format

• Demystifying Referencing

2
What not to reference

• Anything that is general knowledge
• If you can find the information in
• three readily available sources,
• its considered general or common knowledge,
  and needs no referencing.

3
What to reference

• Everything Else!

4
In Text Citation Requirements
5
1. Last Name(s) of Author(s)

• use the word and to connect two or more names
• This can be in the text of the document, or in
  the parentheses after the quotation

6
Special Circumstances

• 2 or more works by the same author? Identify each
  with a shortened version of the title after the
  authors name.
• Same or similar title? Use publication date.
• Same publication date?
• Use a,b,c
• Think nasty thoughts about workaholic
  overachievers

7
2. Page or Paragraph Number

• Use only if they are available otherwise use
  n.p. (no pagination)
• Use even if you havent given a direct quotation.
  Any reference in MLA format should be a reference
  to a page or paragraph number.
• Use p. for one page pp. for multiple pages,
  nothing for paragraphs (use par. numbers only if
  provided)

8
Poems and Plays

• Usually, Poems and plays use line numbers (or, in
  the case of plays, act, scene, and line numbers)
  because this is more exact than page numbers.
• Line numbers simply replace page numbers (your
  professor will understand!)
• If you need to indicate act, scene, and line
  numbers, use Arabic numerals and separate them
  with periods (Hamlet 1.2.46)

9
Remember!

• You are citing the work of an author, not the
  work of an editor.
• Use the authors last name, not the editors.
• Never substitute the publishing companys name
  for the authors.

10
For more information . . .

• Quick Access 184.

11
Basic format One Author

• (Smith 2)
• Note No punctuation

12
Basic Format Two Authors

• (Smith, Brown and Jones 3)

13
Basic Format more than three

• First reference (Smith, Jones, Brown and Black
  4)
• Subsequent references (Smith et al. 6)

14
Govt. or Corp. Author

• First reference
• (Canadian Nursing Association CNA 6)
• Subsequent references (CAN 9)

15
Multivolume Work

• Include the relevant volume number in each
  citation. Separate volume and page number with a
  colon
• (Smith 4 79)

16
Weird Stuff

• Article from a website
• (author page)
• No author? Look for one of these
• Corporation
• Association
• Government Ministry
• Sponsoring Body
• Still no author? Use a short form of the title.

17
More Weird Stuff

• Info. from an entire website
• For a brief reference, just use (URL)
• Info from an email
• As with personal communications
• (personal communication, Oct. 25, 2005)

18
Formatting Quotations
19
Less than 4 lines of your text

• Incorporate into your own text and enclose in
  quotation marks
• Put the parenthetical reference after the
  quotation marks and before the end stop

20
More than 40 words

• Use block format

21
Block format

• Indent one tab-space from the left-hand margin
• Dont indent the right-hand margin
• Dont use quotation marks
• Place the parenthetical notation after the end of
  the quotation and after the end-stop.

22
It looks like this
23
Tune in Next Time for The Works Cited Page . . .

• AAAAAAAAAAAaaaaaaaaaaarg!

24
And Now for The Works Cited Page!
25
A Few Tips

• Get all the information you need for each item
  you use as soon as you get the item.
• TIP make a list of things you need (template?),
  and fill it out as you go along.
• List this stuff on a sticky note or index card,
  and attach it to the item.
• If youre really organized, create a file or
  rolodex
• If youre really organized and want to save
  yourself some time, create a working
  bibliography page on your computer

26
What information? (books)

• Author(s) (use to join authors)
• Title (capitalized)
• Of article/essay
• Of book
• Place of publication
• Publisher
• Date of publication
• Pages your article/essay is found on

27
What information? (Print journals)

• Author(s) (use and to join names)
• Title
• Of article/essay
• Of journal
• Volume, Issue, Date
• Pages your article/essay is found on

28
Weird Stuff (again)

• The same strategies will workbut heres a tip
• In QA, there are lists to guide you

29
Where to find the lists

• Portable Electronic Sources (CD ROM)
• p. 209
• Online sources (with a URL)
• p. 212-213
• Online periodicals (not through EBSCO or
  ProQuest)
• p. 214-215

30
Magic Buttons!

• Less magic EBSCO HOST

31
(No Transcript)
32
More Magic

• ProQuest

33
(No Transcript)
34
(No Transcript)
35
(No Transcript)
36
Using Templates

• Once you have your information, its just a
  matter of putting it in the right order, with the
  right punctuation.
• Tip Use a template
• Make your own, especially of kinds of materials
  you use frequently
• Use a binder insert for quick reference

37
Finding the templates

• Use Quick Access
• In-text Citations Directory p. 184.
• Works Cited Page Directory p. 197

38
Work from the examples

• Book by one author
• Trudeau, P. E. Federalism and the French
  Canadians. Toronto Macmillian, 1968.
• Authorlast, Init. Title. Place Publisher,
  year.

39
Work from the examples

• Book by two or three authors
• Scardamalia, Marlene, Carl Bereiter, and Bryant
  Fillion. Writing For Results A Sourcebook of
  Consequential Composing Ativities. Toronto OISE,
  1981.
• Author1last, First, Nextfirst Last, and
  Nextfirst, Last. Title. Place Publisher, year.

40
Two books by the same author?

• List in reverse chronological order (most recent
  publications first).
• Write the authors name in the first entry, but
  use ---. for subsequent entries
• Atwood, Margaret. The Handmaids Tale. Toronto
  McClelland, 1985.
• ---. Survival. Toronto Anansi, 1972.

41
Internet Sources (YIKES!!)

• In general, give the same information as for
  print sources, whenever this is available
• Author
• Title
• Publication Information
• In addition, give a retrieval statement (URL,
  or some indication of how you found this source)

42
Website (p. 212)

• Use the list of questions to gather information,
  and then make your template. When you write your
  entry, put things in the order that they appear
  in your template, and just leave out the things
  you cant find.

43
Real Life Example
44
Organizations Web Page

• National Hospice and Palliative Care Association.
  Home page. Retrieved 15 November 2005, from
  http//www.nhpco.org/templates/1/homepage.cfm

45
(No Transcript)
46
(No Transcript)
47
Article on a Website

• National Hospice and Palliative Care Institute.
  An Explanation of Palliative Care. Retrieved 15
  November, 2005 from http//www.nhpco.org/i4a/pages
  /index.cfm?pageid4646

48
(No Transcript)
49
(No Transcript)
50
Weird One!

• Sutton Group, for The Center to Advance
  Palliative Care in partnership with NHPCO and the
  Hospice Association of America. Study of
  Hospice-Hospital Collaborations. Date?

51
(No Transcript)
52
Weird one solved

• Sutton Group, for The Center to Advance
  Palliative Care in partnership with NHPCO and the
  Hospice Association of America. Study of
  Hospice-Hospital Collaborations. 2002. Retrieved
  15 November 2005, from http//www.nhpco.org/files/
  public/CAPC_-_Survey_Survey_-_Sutton_Final_Report_
  4.pdf

53
Most important points

• Get the bibliographic info when you get the
  resource
• Create a sticky note, index card, or working
  bibliography
• Use a template
• Create your own, particularly of kinds of
  resources you use often
• In Quick Access, use the lists in the MLA section
  when youre in doubt.
• Still not sure? Make sure
• Ask a prof (preferably the one that gave you the
  assignment)
• Come in to the Writing Centre and ask us ?

54
The Writing Centre

• Mon-Thurs 900-430
• Wednesday 430-600
• Friday 1000-300
• Express Lane
• Mon 1130-130
• Tues 1230-330
• Wed 430-630
• Thurs 900-1100

55
This Presentation

• Go to the Writing Centres Website
• http//mala.ca/writingcentre/index.asp

56
(No Transcript)
57
Good Luck!!