OGT Jeopardy

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OGT Jeopardy
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What would be the pH of an acid, a base, and a
neutral substance?

• Acid lt7
• Base gt7
• Neutral 7

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A chemical reaction in which the final energy of
the products of the reaction is greater than the
initial energy.

• Endothermic Reaction

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5
1. Define radioactivity.2. Give an example of
one beneficial use of radioactivity.

• Emission of energy
• X-rays

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6
1. Give an example of a physical change in
matter. 2. Give an example of a chemical change
in matter.

• Ice melting
• Sugar Burning

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7
Label each of the following as fission
orfusion1. New elements being formed in the
intense heat of stars.2. Power generated in a
nuclear submarines reactor.

• 1 fusion
• 2 fission

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8

• What is a biome?
• Name 3 common biomes.

• A biome is a distinct ecological community of
  plants and animals living together in a
  particular climate.
• Arctic Tundra Deciduous Forest Desert
  coniferous Forest Tropical Rainforest Temperate
  Grassland

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9

• List all biotic factors that could be
• found in an ecosystem.
• 2. Give 3 examples of abiotic factors.

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Energy Pyramid3rd order consumers 10
kcal2nd order consumers..._____ kcal1st
order consumers 1000 kcalProducers10
,000 kcal How many kcal of energy are available
to the organisms at the 2nd order consumers
trophic level?

• 100 kcal

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11
Match the following effects on ecosystems to
their possible causes
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12

• Limiting factors keep population from
• growing forever. In which of the following
• situations does the population decline because of
  a density-independent limiting factor?
• About 10,000 sea lions live on a an island in the
  Arctic Ocean. Most of them die when a volcano
  erupts.
• A herd of antelope lives on a prairie between
  two mountain ranges. As the population continues
  to grow, many antelope die from starvation.

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13
Contrast prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotes no nucleus, circular chromosomes

• Prokaryotes no nucleus, circular chromosomes, no
  organelles
• Eukaryotes nucleus, multiple chromosomes and
  string like, various organelles

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14
Explain how the body plan of the sea anemone
shows radial symmetry and the body plan of the
toad shows bilateral symmetry.

• Radial symmetry body parts originates from a
  central point
• Bilateral symmetry body can be divided in half,
  each half is a mirror image of the other half.

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15

• What are the 6 most common chemical elements
  found in cell?
• What is the source of new cells?
• Are viruses cell? Why or why not?

• Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen phosphorus and
  sulfur
• All new cells come from existing cells.
• No No membrane/cytoplasm, no organelles, can
  not reproduce on its own.

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16
Match each process with its example
Done
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17

• Mitosis or meiosis?
• Haploid daughter cells
• Daughter cells are identical to parent
• Homologous chromosomes form pairs
• Two consecutive cell divisions
• Results in cell growth or repair
• Produces genetic variation.

- Meiosis
- Mitosis
- Meiosis
- Meiosis
- Mitosis
- Meiosis
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18
Natural Selection Suppose a population of small
lizards lives on an island of black volcanic
rock. The lizards range in color form light gray
to dark gray. As birds of prey feed on the
lizards, they choose the light gray ones far more
often than the dark gray ones. What will most
likely happen to the skin color trait in this
lizard population over many generations.
The dark gray lizards are better adapted for
survival. Over time, numbers will most likely
increase while the number of lighter lizards will
decrease. The accumulation of favorable
variations in a population illustrates natural
selection.
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19
Describe two ways of estimating geologic time.

• Radiometric Dating a technique based on the
  half-lives of radio-active isotopes that is used
  to determine the age or materials.
• Fossils remains or traces of prehistoric
  organisms that are often formed when cell
  structures of buried organisms are replaced by
  minerals.
• Rock Sequencing analyzing the order of rock
  strata to estimate their relative ages Rocks
  lower in the order tend to be older than those
  near the top.

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20

• Which idea is NOT one of the main points
• of Darwins theory of evolution by natural
  selection?
• Overproduction of offspring is common in nature.
• Organisms within a population must compete to
  survive.
• Variations in population are the result of
  random mutations.
• Organisms with favorable adaptations have a
  better chance of surviving to reproduce.

Darwin recognized variations in populations.
However, he was unable to explain the reason for
variations since he had no knowledge of mutations
or other genetic processes.
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21

• Explain the theory of plate tectonics.
• What are some events that change
• the Earths surface.
• C. Explain continental drift.

• A the plates that make up the Earths surface
  shift, they can cause the Earths surface to
  change.
• Earthquakes, volcanoes, mountain creation, and
  sea floor spreading are examples of events that
  change the Earths surface.
• Scientists believe that 200 million years ago,
  Earths continents were joined together, forming
  a super-continent called Pangaea. As the
  tectonic plates under the continents shifted,
  Pangaea broke up, and the continents moved apart.

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22

• What is the Big Bang theory?
• What evidence exists to support this theory?

• The universe began from a small, dense collection
  of matter, and it has been expanding ever since.
• Isotopes of hydrogen, helium, and lithium are
  abundant in the universe Edwin Hubble observed
  universal expansion scientists discovered that
  Earth receives microwave radiation from all
  directions.

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23
Describe how force, acceleration, and mass relate
in the action of kicking a soccer ball.
F ma (Newtons second law of motion) Force
applied to the mass results in acceleration. The
greater the force applied to a given mass, the
greater the acceleration will be. Therefore, if
you kick the soccer ball (mass) with more force,
it will speed up faster.
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24
Give two examples of conserving energy resources.

• Recycling
• Buying fuel-efficient automobiles
• Riding a bike instead of driving
• Insulating building.

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25

• Conduction, convection, or radiation?
• The metal handle of a pot on the stove becomes
  hot.
• You warm yourself by a campfire.
• Warm air at the Earths equator rises cold air
  at its poles sinks.
• Medical x-rays are used to produce images of the
  body.
• An air mass touches the ocean surface that is
  part of a warm ocean current. The air heats up
  and rises. Cooler air moves in to take its place.

Conduction
Radiation
Convection
Radiation
Conduction and convection
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26

• How does electric current flow?
• Explain what makes some materials
• conductors of electricity and other
• materials insulators.

• Electric current flows when electrons move
  freely.
• Materials with loosely held electrons are
  conductors of electricity (like
  copper).Materials with electrons tightly bound
  to their atoms are insulators. (like clay and
  rubber)

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27

• What is Newtons law of universal
• gravitation?
• 2. Compare your weight (the force of gravity) on
  the surface of the Earth to your weight on the
  surface of the moon.

• Between any two objects in the universe there is
  gravity that is proportional to the masses of the
  objects and inversely proportional to the square
  of the distance between them. The more massive
  two objects are, the greater the force between
  them will be, and the farther apart they are, the
  less the force will be.
• Your weight on the moon will be about 1/6th of
  your weight on Earth.

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28

• Organize the following steps to scientifically
  solve a problem.
• Develop a hypothesis.
• Ask a question based on observations.
• Draw conclusions.
• Test hypothesis.
• Plan test with materials and methods.
• Do background research.
• Report findings.
• Record and analyze data.

3
1
7
5
4
2
8
6
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29

• Is each event below an observation or inference?
• When baking soda and vinegar are combined, the
  mixture foams.
• A chemical reaction must be taking place when
  baking soda and vinegar are combined.
• The ducks arrived at the Wilsons pond two weeks
  earlier this spring than last spring.
• The leaves are falling earlier since the weather
  has been so cold.
• The dog must have frightened the rabbit. It ran
  into a bush.

observation
inference
observation
inference
inference
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30
List three causes of weather.

• Solar energy heats air and land
• Elevation temperature falls with increased
  elevation
• Nearness to large bodies of water humidity and
  temperature are effected
• Temperature determines how much water vapor air
  can hold
• Air pressure- produces wind and air mass patterns

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31
How do science and invention affect one another?
Invention uses known scientific principles to
make something work better or create a new tool.
Example the discovery of electromagnetic waves
led to the invention of radio, television and
x-ray machines. Using new tools (inventions)
allow scientists to determine unknown scientific
principles and new information. Example The
Hubble Space Telescope allows scientists to learn
more about the solar system.
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32

• How do stars produce energy?
• How are stars responsible for the creation of
  elements?

• The intense heat inside a star causes the
  hydrogen protons to move so rapidly that they
  join together, or fuse. This process, fusion, is
  a nuclear reaction that creates energy. The star
  starts to glow.
• Ongoing fusion of protons in starts results in
  many different proton combinations. Each
  different combination of protons is an element.
  After millions of years some stars explode,
  releasing many elements into space. Those
  elements may form into new stars.

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33

• What is the greenhouse effect and why is it
  important?
• How is the theory of global warming related to
  this effect? What human activities might
  contribute to global warming?

• Carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere
  prevent the suns heat energy from radiating back
  into space from Earth.
• The burning of fossil fuels increases the carbon
  dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. Because CO2
  absorbs heat, the atmosphere may become warmer.
  Humans contribute to CO2 levels by burning
  gasoline and heating homes with fossil fuels.

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