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SUBCOMMITTEE ON SEDIMENTATION

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Based on data in the National Inventory of Dams. ... The use of a GIS has enabled a more detailed study of reservoir sedimentation data and rates. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: SUBCOMMITTEE ON SEDIMENTATION


1
SUBCOMMITTEE ON SEDIMENTATION
  • Report to the ACWI
  • John R. Gray (jrgray_at_usgs.gov), Chair
  • September 15, 2004

2
SOS Status
  • Formed in 1939
  • ACWI Subcommittee, September 2003
  • Last meeting Yesterday (9/14/2004)
  • Membership Non-Federal orgs (ASCE-Environmental
    and Water Research Institute Colorado State
    University) interested, but have yet to petition
    for membership

3
12 Current SOS Members
Past members FERC, TVA, BIA, NOAA, and NRC have
not been represented on the SOS for years. FHWA
has missed consecutive meetings. Currently no
non-Federal SOS members, although some are
considering membership.
4
SOS Charge (1993)
  • Identify the Nations major sediment-related
    problems in the 21st century
  • Endeavor to coordinate and pool Federal resources
    to effectively address high-priority problems
  • Remain the primary mechanism for interagency
    communication and coordination on national
    sedimentation issues

5
Workgroup Reports
  • 8th Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference
    (2006) Plans.
  • Turbidity and Other Sediment Surrogates
    Progress with ASTM International on standards.
  • National Sediment Monitoring and Federal Data
    Storage and Access Status and future directions
  • Reservoir Information System (RESIS) II
    Recommendation to the ACWI.

6
Joint 8th Federal Interagency Sedimentation and
3rd Federal Interagency Hydrologic Modeling
Conference April 2-6, 2004
  • Interdisciplinary Solutions for Watershed
    Sustainability.
  • Silver Legacy Hotel, Reno
  • Estimated 400-600 attendees
  • 6 concurrent sessions, 270 papers
  • 60 poster and computer demonstrations
  • Commercial Exhibit Hall
  • Field Trips
  • Short Courses (may award continuing education
    units)
  • Call for Papers due out October 1, 2004 ASCE
    advertise?

7
Workgroup Reports
  • 8th Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference
    (2006) Plans.
  • Turbidity and Other Sediment Surrogates
    Progress with ASTM International on standards.
  • National Sediment Monitoring and Federal Data
    Storage and Access Status and future directions
  • Reservoir Information System (RESIS) II
    Recommendation to the ACWI.

8
Turbidity Workgroup
  • Proceedings of the Fed. Interagency Workshop
    (USGS Circular 1250)
  • Propose Federally developed standards for
    turbidity data-collection and reporting (as many
    as 10 different reporting units for turbidity).
  • SOS working with ASTM to develop standards
    (round-robin testing planned, perhaps in 2004)
  • http//water.usgs.gov/pubs/circ/2003/circ1250/

9
Workgroup Reports
  • 8th Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference
    (2006) Plans.
  • Turbidity and Other Sediment Surrogates
    Progress with ASTM International on standards.
  • National Sediment Monitoring and Federal Data
    Storage and Access Status and future directions
  • Reservoir Information System (RESIS) II
    Recommendation to the ACWI.

10
Nations Fluvial-Sediment Data Needs
  • Historical Maintenance of reservoirs, channels,
    and hydraulic structures/bridge piers
  • Todays needs include but are not limited to
  • - Legal requirements TMDLs
  • - Contaminated sediment management
  • - BMP Evaluations
  • - Dam decommissioning, rehabilitation, removal
  • - Fire-burn hydrology/sedimentology
  • - Stream restoration/geomorphic assessments
  • - Physical-biotic interactions
  • - Global carbon budget
  • - Sand budget and bar maintenance
  • - Productivity of agricultural lands

11
Declining Sediment-Data Collection
29 daily sediment stations in Puerto Rico
!!!This graph should be considered
qualitatively, not quantitatively!!!
12
Challenge
  • How can the Nations fluvial-sediment data needs
    be met with
  • Increased temporal and spatial resolution,
  • Better and known accuracy,
  • Expanded measured characteristics,
  • Reduced costs, and
  • Increased safety,
  • as compared to traditional monitoring
    techniques?

13
Future A National Sediment Information Program
NSIP2 ?
  • There has never been a national sediment
  • monitoring network
  • Core Network of Sediment Stations
  • Subset of Stations for Sediment Research
  • Equipment Methods Analytical Component
  • Data Synthesis Component
  • Common Database
  • 4M-16M/year (scope methods dependent)
  • AGU-EOS letter, 9/28/2004 (handout)
  • http//water.usgs.gov/osw/techniques/
    TSS/gray.pdf

14
National Sediment Monitoring Costs Estimate
(USGS, 2004)
  • Proposal based on a U.S. Commission on Ocean
    Policy Request to develop
  • a strategy for improved assessment, monitoring,
    research, and technology development to enhance
    sediment management
  • 16M annually estimated for a full-scale
    monitoring and synthesis program (linked to QW
    and biological measurements)

15
National Sediment Monitoring Costs Estimate
(USGS, 2004)
  • Proposal based on a U.S. Commission on Ocean
    Policy Request to develop
  • a strategy for improved assessment, monitoring,
    research, and technology development to enhance
    sediment management
  • 16M annually estimated for a full-scale
    monitoring and synthesis program (linked to QW
    and biological measurements)

16
New Instruments and Techniques
Laser In Situ Scattering and Transmissometry,
LISST
17
Data from CO River, Grand Canyon
LISST-100 Point Sand Conc. Measurements
Integrated Sand Conc. By D-77 Bag Sampler
18
USGS Informal Sediment SuperGage Network (past,
present)
MS, KS, AZ, FL, NY, TX, CA, PA, IL, OR, GA, WA,
MD, formerly PR
19
USGS and ARSInternational Journal of Sediment
Research, 1998
  • Sediment Damages in North America Total 16
    Billion Annually
  • If Program Results Were Used to Better Manage
    Resources Such That a 1 Decrease in Sediment
    Damage was Realized, the Program Would Pay for
    Itself 40 Times Over (annual basis)
  • http//water.usgs.gov/osw/techniques/Osterkam
    p.html

20
A National Sediment Information Program
  • The SOS believes this program is important and
    needed.
  • If the ACWI concurs, SOS seeks counsel on how to
    proceed.

21
Workgroup Reports
  • 8th Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference
    (2006) Plans.
  • Turbidity and Other Sediment Surrogates
    Progress with ASTM International on standards.
  • National Sediment Monitoring and Federal Data
    Storage and Access Status and future directions
  • Reservoir Information System (RESIS) II
    Recommendation to the ACWI.

22
A Brief Description of RESIS
  • Information for 1,819 Federally operated
    reservoirs
  • Volumetric data for submerged and aerated
    deposits
  • Originated in Soil Conservation Service
    (now the NRCS), early 1980s
  • Nearly 6,000 individual surveys from 1827 to
    1992.
  • Includes various descriptive attributes (e.g.,
    owner, nearest post office, watershed dimensions)
  • For some reservoirs, contains information on size
    distribution of bed sediments
  • Originally maintained on a PC using Paradox 9
  • Includes reservoirs with drainage areas ranging
    from 0.0075 mi2 to over 170,000 mi2

23
Original Data Sheets as Part of RESIS-II
24
RESIS-II Status
  • Ported to relational database by USGS
  • Some geo-referencing issues to be resolved,
    including those related to Homeland Security
  • Largely unpopulated since 1980s
  • An orphan

25
From Stallard and others, 2001
26
(No Transcript)
27
(No Transcript)
28
Chronosequence of Dam Construction in the U.S.
From Before 1800 to 1993
Based on data in the National Inventory of Dams.
Symbol size and darkness correspond to the size
of the reservoir. Black and gray symbols
correspond to dams older than the indicated time
interval. Red symbols correspond to dams
constructed during the time interval.
Prepared by Robert Stallard US Geological
Survey Boulder, CO 80303-1066 e-mail
stallard_at_usgs.gov
29
NID 1600-2000
Hit space bar to start sequence.
30
NID Pre-1800
31
NID 1801-1810
32
NID 1811-1820
33
NID 1821-1830
34
NID 1831-1840
35
NID 1841-1850
36
NID 1851-1860
37
NID 1861-1870
38
NID 1871-1880
39
NID 1881-1890
40
NID 1891-1900
41
NID 1901-1910
42
NID 1911-1920
43
NID 1921-1930
44
NID 1931-1940
45
NID 1941-1950
46
NID 1951-1960
47
NID 1961-1970
48
NID 1971-1980
49
NID 1981-1990
50
NID 1991-2000
51
NID 1600-2000
52
Some RESIS-II Findings
  • The use of a GIS has enabled a more detailed
    study of reservoir sedimentation data and rates.
  • Soil erodibility was found to be the most
    influential factor affecting reservoir
    sedimentation rates A proxy for land-use?
  • A negative relation was found between mean annual
    rainfall and sedimentation rates Annual
    rainfall a proxy for land cover?
  • A positive relation exists between storm
    intensity and sedimentation rates

From Stallard and others, 2001
53
RESIS-II General Steps
  • Establish ownership MOU
  • Form data-entry QA protocols
  • Update GUI, place on-line
  • Maintain and update database
  • Perform data synthesis
  • Future Sed-quality information?

54
RESIS-II Cost Sum.
  • Year 1 250k
  • Year 23 150k/yr
  • Year 4 75k/yr
  • to be refined on request

55
RESIS-II SOS Resolution
  • Recognize importance of implementing,
    updating, and maintaining an existing national
    reservoir sedimentation survey database as an
    interactive, web-based application.
  • Seek ACWI concurrence and support to develop
    ways and means for implementation

See 2-page handout to the ACWI,
Implementation of the Reservoir Information
System (RESIS-II)
56
http//water.usgs.gov/wicp/acwi/sos/
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