Navigation

1
Navigation

• Introduction
• Equipment
• Surface Positioning
• Measuring Distances Underwater
• Natural Navigation
• Compass Navigation

2
Good divers navigate effectively
3
Why you should become proficient with UW
Navigation?

• Successful Navigation
• Reduces confusion and anxiety
• Avoids long surface swims at the end of a dive
• Increases the effectiveness of the dive plan
• Reduces air consumption

4
Equipment

• Instrument Console
• Submersible Pressure Gauge
• Depth Gauge
• Compass

5
Equipment

• Submersible Pressure Gauge

6
Equipment

• Depth gauge

7
Equipment

• Timing device

8
Equipment

• Compass

9
Surface Positioning

• A fix allows you to relocate an underwater site
  useful for beach dives

10
Measuring Distances Underwater

• Several methods may be used to estimate distance
• Most accurate
• Most common

11
Measuring Distances Underwater

• One of the most accurate and most common

12
Measuring Distances Underwater

• Most accurate

13
Measuring Distances Underwater

• Most common

14
Natural Navigation

• Relies on the Diver making pre-dive observations
  as well as while diving

• Common Observations
• Waves, currents and tidal movement
• The angle of the Sun
• Offshore objects and/or formations
• Depth readings

15
Natural Navigation

• Utilizes Natural References

• Light and shadows
• Water movement
• Bottom composition and reef formations
• Bottom contour
• Plants and animals
• Noise

16
Natural Navigation

• The procedure
• Use starting references
• Follow a pre-planned general course
• Move forward by moving from aid to aid
• Develop a desire to remember

17
Compass Navigation

• Know how the compass works and how to set a course

18
Compass Navigation

• Magnetic North Needle
• Lubber or Reference Line
• Rotating Bezel
• Witness Marks
• Headings

19
Learn how to deal with cross current

• How to navigate to a general location
• How to navigate to a specific location with a
  known sea floor

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Hints for better navigation

• Plan your dive and dive your plan
• Trust in your compass
• Use natural references
• Allow for the effects of current
• Share responsibilities
• Understand the limitations of the compass
• Swim slowly

21
What to expect on the Navigation dive in the keys

• Swim the following patterns
• Run a measured line in both directions
• Compass out and back
• Natural Navigation out and back
• A Square
• Use the compass during the dive
• Have fun

22
Navigation End
of Unit 3

• Introduction
• Equipment
• Measuring Distances Underwater
• Natural Navigation
• Compass Navigation
• Surface Positioning