COLPOSCOPY

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COLPOSCOPY

• Terri Beinert
• MS 113

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What is a Colposcopy?

• A COLPOSCOPY is a test in which the doctor uses
  an instrument called a Colposcope to look at the
  cervix with  magnification.   
• A Colposcopy is done when abnormal cells are seen
  on a Pap Smear.

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Pap Smear
The Pap smear is a screening test for cancer of
the cervix
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Dr. George Papanicolaou
The pap smear was originally developed by Dr.
George Papanicolaou in the 1930's to detect
cancer of the cervix before it could be seen with
the naked eye.
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(No Transcript)
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Normal Cervical Cells(Vaginal Pap Smear)
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Severe Dysplasia(Vaginal Pap Smear)
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Small Cell Carcinoma(Vaginal Pap Smear)
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Colposcopy
Colposcopy is the direct magnified inspection of
the surface of a woman's genital area, including
the cervix, vagina, and vulva using a light
source and  colposcope. 
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Colposcope

• The Colposcope looks like a pair of binoculars
  mounted on a pedestal with a light attached. 
• This instrument magnifies the cervix, vagina and
  external genital area when the doctor looks
  through the lenses into the vagina where a
  speculum has been placed. 
• Different colored filters, similar to those used
  for cameras are used to block out colors. 
• Magnification helps to see abnormal areas clearly
  so that biopsies can be done precisely. 

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Hans Hinselmann
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Further History
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INDICATIONS FOR COLPOSCOPY
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The Procedure
A small amount of saline (salt water) will be
placed into the vagina to moisten the
surface.  Then an acetic acid preparation
(vinegar) will be applied to the
cervix.  Sometimes additional special stains may
be required to better check for abnormalities. 
An iodine based solution is most commonly
used. If any abnormalities are seen or
suspected, a biopsy will be taken. 
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Biopsy with Colposcopy
A colposcopy-directed biopsy is a procedure in
which the cervix is examined with a colposcope
for abnormalities and a tissue sample is taken.
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Ultrasound Cervix Vagina
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Treatment

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• After the biopsy results are reviewed and
  coordinated with other clinical information, a
  decision is made about treatment. 
• Options include
• "Watchful waiting" - this used when the results
  are mildly abnormal and it is likely that over a
  period of months to years your immune system may
  cure the HPV infection and heal the damage.
•  
• Cryotherapy - this is a freezing technique which
  is applied to the surface of the cervix to remove
  the abnormal areas.
• Loop Electro Excision Procedure (LEEP) - this is
  a procedure where part of the cervix is sliced
  away.  It is used when cryotherapy is not an
  appropriate treatment. 

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Conclusion

• It is important for all women to make pap
  tests, along with pelvic exams, a part of their
  routine health care.
• You need to have a Pap test if you are over 18
  years old. If you are under 18 years old and are
  or have been sexually active, you also need a Pap
  test.
• There is no age limit for the Pap test. Even
  women who have gone through menopause need to get
  Pap tests.
• Many health care providers tell women to get a
  Pap test every year. But, may recommend a Pap
  test every 1 to 3 years after you have had 3
  normal Pap tests for 3 years in a row.

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References
http//images.google.com/imgres?imgurlhttp//akim
ichi.homeunix.net/emile/aki/medical/Image/small-c
ell-carcinoma-pap-smear.jpeg http//health.rutger
s.edu/Gyn/colposcopy.htm www.eterna.co.yu/
ETERNA20NOVI20SITE/g17/ http//www.fairimag.co
.uk/fairfield/digital-colposcopy/overview.html ht
tp//yourmedicalsource.com/library/papsmear/PAP_wh
atis.html radiology.uchc.edu/ Code/973.htm