Comeback Cities:

1
Comeback Cities

• A Blueprint for Urban Neighborhood Revival

2
Acknowledgements

• Authors
• Paul S. Grogan
• Tony Proscio
• Presentation
• Brian Hatvick
• Nicole Soboleski
• Teri Carrigan

3
Comeback Cities

• Introduction
• The Case for a Turnaround
• The Grassroots Revival 1st Main Pt.
• Emerging Markets - 2nd Main Pt.
• Public Order - 3rd Main Pt.
• Deregulating the City - 4th Main Pt.
• Conclusion

4
Introduction

• Inner cities are rebounding
• Bleak picture is not wrong, just misleading
• Something different is happening
• Rusk and Orfield metropolitanists
• Cities are becoming more livable
• Four Trends Main Pts.!!!
• The point is that cities are becoming more
  livable due to the four trends.

5
The Case for a Turnaround

• South Bronx, New York
• Past Up in Flames
• Present On Fire
• Mass Exit A Vision of Urban Doom
• Evacuation bonuses
• Four Waves
• A Surprising Convergence of Positives
• Grassroots Revitalization/Revival
• Emerging/Reviving Markets
• Public Order/Falling Crime
• Deregulating the City/Public Systems

6
The Grassroots Revival - 1

• The Beginning of CDCs
• Todays CDCs
• Recipe 4 Success
• Not Too Much 2 Soon
• Intermediaries
• Ford Foundation, LISC, Enterprise
• National Community Develop. Initiative
• Three Vital Functions
• Politics
• Public Officials, Mayors, Government
• Low Income Housing Tax Credit
• Community Reinvestment Act
• When Work Disappears

7
Emerging Markets Part Trois

• Sit by the fire, children, grandmas going to
  tell you a four-process story
• Success of comeback cities is attributed to
• Public private investment in housing
• Federal regulations draw big banks into
  residences and small businesses
• Businesses tap into the inner-city goldmine
• Keep residents there and keep the visitors
  coming!
• (Does this sound familiar? How is it similar to
  the four things that Brian talked aboutthe
  thesis of our presentationthink about this if
  you want the candy). ?

8
Markets Continue to Emerge

• A revolution occurs in the inner-cities The
  credit is coming, the credit is coming!
• CRA is the acronym of the day! (Community
  Reinvestment Actlearn it, love it!)
• Other acronyms are not as heroic as our friend
  c.r.a.
• HOLC (Home Owners Loan Corporation)
• FHA (Federal Housing Administration)
• FNMA (Federal National Mortgage AssociationWell,
  hello Ms. Fannie Mae)
• FHLMC (Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporationor
  just call him Freddie Mac).
• A Crew of Mapmakers and Discriminators! Boo
  hoo!

9
HARD EVIDENCE!The best things in life are free,
but you can give them to the birds and bees, I
want your moneythats what I want! an obscure
80s song by The Flying Lizards

• First Union/Corestates 14 billion, five-year
  commitment
• Wells-Fargo/First Interstate 45 billion,
  ten-year commitment
• Chemical/Chase Manhattan 18 billion, 70
  million to charity, BUT
• May 4, 1998 Citicorp and Travelers Group today
  made a ten-year, 115 billion commitment to
  lending and investing in low and moderate income
  communities and small businesses (107, New York
  headline).
• But Most important is the fact that
• The home-ownership rate for native-born young
  black African American households increased from
  31 percent to almost 44 percent between 1980 and
  1990. For native-born young Hispanic households,
  the rate increased from 38 to 52 percent (122).

10
New Stores Customers on Main Street

• Why inner-city business is profitable
• Previous non-existence of good retail to
  urbanites.
• Density vs. Wealth (Take that, you
  suburbanites!)
• Who is taking part in this inner-city retail
  crusade?
• Rite-Aid 230 million in investments.
• Payless ShoeSource and McDonalds are experts in
  sniffing out safe, but deprived neighborhoods.
• And even our friends, The Gap, markets hip-hop
  artists to sell their clothing in inner-city,
  minority neighborhoods.
• (Remember L.L. and the Misdemeanour decked out in
  Gap?)

11
A neatly packaged lesson to take home to the
Family

• Inner city neighborhoods, previously depressed
  are making an economic comeback because
• Public private investment in housing
• The CRA pressures banks into giving back to
  communities.
• Businesses have finally tapped into the
  inner-city goldmines!
• Identify the way to keep residents there and
  keep the visitors coming!

12
Chicagos Cabrini-Green in its darkest dayscrime
and poverty ravish the housing development.

• Photo source http//www.chicagohauntings.com/cabr
  ini_green.jpg

13
Public Order Part Four

• Stories of HopeInspiration for Improvement
• Cabrini-Green, Chicagos worst neighborhoodnow
  greatly improved.
• The South Bronxanother success story.
• William Bratton Head of NYPDsweats the small
  stuff and seizes the Broken Windows ideology.
• Broken Windows advocates fix up houses,
  therefore
• Nicer homesFeelings of community respect
• Community respect Small-crime policing Better
  neighborhoods!

14
Public Order Continued

• Crime Reduction Statistics
• New York crime falls 12 in 1994, 16 in 1995.
• Between 1990 and 1996, the homicide rate fell
• 54 in Houston
• 27.9 in Los Angeles
• 17.7 in Philadelphia
• 15.9 in Washington, D.C.
• Since 1973, violent crime at its lowest in 1998.
• National Homicide Rate is 6 per 100,000 (the
  1967 rate).

15
Deregulating the City - 4

• Public Housing
• Community Involvement
• Public Schools
• Breaking up the Monopoly
• Welfare
• Breaking Down the Cycle

16
Conclusion Four Positives

• Grassroots Revival
• Emerging Markets
• Public Order
• Deregulating the City
• Seize the Moment
• --------THE END---------