Hospitals Safe from Disasters:

1
Hospitals Safe from Disasters
Reduce Risk, Protect Health Facilities, Save Lives

• Elisaveta Stikova, Ronald LaPorte, Faina Linkov,
  Margaret Potter, David Piposzar, Sam Stebbins

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Learning Objectives

• To introduce student with UN/WHO joint campaign
  for disaster reduction and safe hospitals
• To enlighten the Hyogo Framework of Action and
  the 2008-2009 disaster reduction campaign
• To explain the role of WHO in joint activities to
  promote disaster reduction campaign
• To clarify the 10 goals of World Health Day 2009
  enlighten in WHO tool kit

3
SEE Public Health Preparedness Supercourse
Network

• Elisaveta-Jasna Stikova
• Present position
• 1991-Present, Professor, University Ss. Cyril
  and Methodius, Medical faculty, Skopje,
  Macedonia (courses taught Occupational Health,
  Public Health, Medical Ecology, Hygiene
• 1994 Present, Director and Advisor, National
  Public Health Institute, Skopje, Macedonia
• 2009 Fulbright Visiting Scholar, Pittsburg
  University, Graduate School of Public Health
  New Educational Pathway for Global Public Heath
  Security

4
SEE Public Health Preparedness Supercourse
Network

• Co-Authors and collaborators
• Ronald E. LaPorte, PhD, UPGSPH, Director, Disease
  Monitoring and Telecommunication, WHO
  Collaborating Center
• Faina Linkov, PhD, Assistant Professor, Cancer
  Institute
• Margaret Potter, JD, MS, Associate Dean and
  Director, UPGSPH, Center for Public Health
  Practice
• David Piposzar, MPH, UPGSPH, PPLI Co-director
• Sam Stebbins, MD, MPH, UPCPHP Principal
  Investigator/Director, Center for Public Health
  Preparedness

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Hospitals Safe of Disasters

• The most costly hospital
• is the one that fails!!!

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Hospital Safe from Disasters

• Disaster means that basic needs of people exceed
  the available recourses of community
• During disasters health facilities usually cant
  serve to the needs of the population because of
• Increasing of demands
• Decreasing of delivery capacities

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World Health Day 2009

• Hospitals Safe from Disasters
• Reduce Risk
• Protect Health Facilities
• Save Lives

Safety of facilities Readiness of health workers
to respond to the needs
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Hospitals Safe of Disasters

• Hyogo Framework for Action
• to reduce our collective vulnerability to natural
  hazards
• Disaster risk reduction is important action aims
  to achieve MDG
• Disaster risk reduction is everybody's business
• Only tangible measures can reduce vulnerability
  and protect development

Ban Ki-Moon, UN
Secretary-General
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What is Hospitals Safe from Disaster Means?

• Safe hospitals is more than physical and
  functional integrity of the health facility
• Safe hospitals means to be prepared for
  functioning in full capacity, appropriate for
  the needs of the affected people, immediately
  after a hazard strike!!!

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What is Hospitals Safe from Disaster Means?

• A safe hospital means that
• It will not collapse in disasters
• It can continue to function and provide its
  services as a critical community facility when it
  is most needed
• It is organized, with contingency plans in place
  and health workforce trained to keep the network
  operational

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What Are the Objectives of Hospitals Safe for
Disaster Campaign?

• Three main objectives of campaign
• Protect the lives of patients and health workers
• Make sure health facilities and health services
  are able to function
• Improve the risk reduction capacity including
  emergency management.

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Why Focus on Hospitals Safe of Disasters?

• Algerian earthquake, 2003 50 destroyed health
  facilities
• Pakistan earthquake, 2005 - 49 destroyed health
  facilities
• Peru, Pasco earthquake, 2007 - within two
  minutes, the city lost 97 of its hospital beds
  to an 8.0 magnitude earthquake.
• Chinas Wenchuan earthquake, 2008 11 000 health
  facilities (52) were destroyed
• Viet Nam flood, 2008 61 hospitals were damaged
  provinces
• Fuji rains 2009 flooded health facilities and
  devastate infrastructure

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Hospitals Safe for Disaster10 basic facts to
know - 1

• Many factors put hospitals and health facilities
  at risk
• Buildings
• Patients
• Hospital beds
• Health workforce
• Equipment
• Services

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Hospitals Safe for Disaster10 basic facts to
know - 2

• Components of a safe hospitals or health
  facility
• Structural elements
• Non-structural elements
• Functional elements

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Hospitals Safe for Disaster10 basic facts to
know - 3

• Hospitals would be put out of services during
  disaster because of
• Structural damages
• Functional collapse

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Hospitals Safe for Disaster10 basic facts to
know - 4

• Hospitals and health facilities can be built to
  different levels of protection
• Life safety
• Protect of infrastructure and equipment
• Operation protection

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Hospitals Safe for Disaster10 basic facts to
know 5, 6, 7

• Making new hospitals and health facilities safe
  from disasters is not costly
• Field hospitals are not the best solution for
  damaged and destroyed hospitals
• Seeking the right expertise a check consultant

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Hospitals Safe for Disaster10 basic facts to
know - 8

• Building codes are of utmost importance
• One of the earliest mentions of the importance of
  building codes is found in Hammurabis Code 2
• if the builder did not construct properly
  this house which he built and it fell, he shall
  re-erect the house from his own means.

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Hospitals Safe for Disaster10 basic facts to
know - 9

• Creating safe hospitals means shearing
  responsibilities
• Governments
• Health institutions and health workforce
• UN, international and local agencies and NGOs
• Donor community
• Financial institutions
• University, schools and professional institutions

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Hospitals Safe for Disaster10 basic facts to
know - 10

• The most costly hospital is the one that fails!

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Hospital Safety Index

• Applicable tool for ranking of level of safety
  for each health facility/hospital
• Structural components
• Non-structural components
• Organizational/functional components

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Cost effectiveness of prevention

• Building disaster safe hospitals is much cheaper
  in comparison of the consequences of destruction
  during disaster
• Almost 50 of health facilities were destroyed
  during the recent disasters
• Indirect cost of damaged health infrastructure
  can be higher than direct cost of replacement and
  rebuilding
• The cost of the disaster safe hospital is only 4
  added to the cost of the new facilities

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Hospitals Safe of Disasters

• The role of Universities, Schools and
  Professional institutions
• Develop professional curricula, modules or
  courses that contribute to hospital safety
• Act as repositories of specialized expertise
• Publish articles for scientific and technical
  publications and journals
• Contribute to the development and periodic review
  of national building standards

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Hospital Safe of Disasters

• Safe Hospital Strategy
• Strategic partnership
• Risk reduction in health sector
• Training and education
• Develop tools and guidelines
• Advocacy and awareness

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Hospital safe of Disasters

• Target Audience
• Policy and decision makers, including in
  financial and planning sectors
• Professional associations/unions (engineers,
  architects, administrators)
• Hospital associations
• The public, directly and through the mass media
• Private and public managers of health systems
• Health professionals worldwide