Learn and Live: Tips for a Healthy Lifestyle

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Learn and LiveTips for a Healthy Lifestyle

• On behalf of the Creighton Cardiac Center and the
  American Heart Association
• February 2007

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Prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in adults
age 20 and older by age and sex (NHANES
1999-2004). Source NCHS and NHLBI. These data
include coronary heart disease, heart failure,
stroke and hypertension.
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Deaths from diseases of the heart (United States
19002004.) Source NCHS and NHLBI.
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Hospital discharges for cardiovascular diseases.
(United States 1970-2004). Note Hospital
discharges include people discharged alive, dead
and status unknown. Source NCHS and NHLBI.
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Symptoms of a Heart Attack

• Some heart attacks are sudden and intense, but
  most heart attacks start slowly, with mild
  discomfort.
• Chest discomfort 
• Most heart attacks involve discomfort in the
  center of the chest that lasts more than a few
  minutes or that goes away and comes back.
• It can feel like uncomfortable pressure,
  squeezing, fullness or pain.   
• Discomfort in other areas of the upper body 
• Symptoms can include pain or discomfort in one or
  both arms, the back, neck, jaw or stomach.   
• Shortness of breath
• May occur with or without chest discomfort.  

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Symptoms of a Heart Attack

• Other signs These may include breaking out in a
  cold sweat, nausea or lightheadedness.       
• As with men, women's most common heart attack
  symptom is chest pain or discomfort.
• But women are somewhat more likely than men to
  experience some of the other common symptoms,
  particularly shortness of breath, nausea/vomiting
  and back or jaw pain.

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What do you do???

• Don't wait longer than a few minutes (no more
  than 5) before calling for help.
• Call 9-1-1... Get to a hospital right away.
• If you can't access the emergency medical
  services (EMS), have someone drive you to the
  hospital right away.
• If you're the one having symptoms, don't drive
  yourself unless you have absolutely no other
  option. 

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Warning Signs of Stroke

• Sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm or
  leg, especially on one side of the body   
• Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or
  understanding   
• Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes   
• Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of
  balance or coordination   
• Sudden, severe headache with no known cause

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Warning Signs of Stroke

• Immediately call 9-1-1 or the emergency medical
  services (EMS) number so an ambulance can be sent
  for you.
• Also, check the time so you'll know when the
  first symptoms appeared.

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Prevention Pays Off Know Your Numbers!!

• Systolic diastolic blood pressure
• Less than 140/90 in everyone
• Less than 130/80 for diabetics
• Whole blood glucose
• Less than 126 mg/dl
• Cholesterol
• Total lt 200 mg/dl, LDL depends on your risk
  factors
• HDL is happy higher is better
• Height weight BMI lt 25

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Cholesterol

• It's fairly easy to lower your cholesterol
• Eat more foods low in saturated fat cholesterol
• Cut down on high-fat foods, especially those high
  in saturated fats
• Watch your caloric intake

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Tips for Healthy Living

• Eat at least 5 servings of fruits vegetables
  every day
• Eat 6 or more servings of cereals, breads, pasta
  other whole-grain products
• Eat fish, poultry (without skin) leaner cuts of
  meat instead of fatty ones
• Eat fat-free or 1 milk dairy products rather
  than whole-milk dairy products

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Tips for Healthy Living

• Enjoy 3060 minutes of vigorous activities on
  most (or all) days of the week
• Maintain a healthy weight

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Blood Pressure (BP)

• High BP (HBP) usually has no symptoms
• The only way to find out if you have HBP is to
  have your BP checked
• If your BP is ok, get it checked at least every 2
  years
• If you have prehypertension or if you have a
  family history of HBP, you're at higher risk
• Children adults with smaller or larger than
  average-sized arms may need special-sized cuffs

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What's normal blood pressure?
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10 Ways to Control Your BP

• Know your BP. Have it checked regularly.
• Know what your weight should be. Keep it at or
  below that level.

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10 Ways to Control Your BP

• Don't use too much salt in cooking or at meals.
  Avoid salty foods.
• Eat a diet low in saturated fat according to AHA
  recommendations.
• Control alcohol intake. Don't have more than one
  drink a day if you're a woman or two a day if
  you're a man.

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10 Ways to Control Your BP

• Take your medicine exactly as prescribed. Don't
  run out of pills even for a single day.
• Keep appointments with your doctor.
• Follow your doctor's advice about physical
  activity.
• Make certain your relatives have their BP checked
  regularly.
• Live a normal life in every other way.

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Diabetes (DM) Not so Sweet

• DM fasting blood glucose of gt 126 mg/dL
• "Pre-diabetes glucose levels are higher than
  normal but not yet diabetic
• Increased risk for developing type 2 DM, heart
  disease stroke
• One of these conditions
• Impaired fasting glucose
• Impaired glucose tolerance

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Not so Sweet

• Type 2 DM is the most common form
• DM is a major risk factor for stroke coronary
  heart disease, including heart attack (MI)
• Unfortunately, most diabetics are not aware of
  these risks

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DM

• It's critical for diabetics to have regular exams
• Work closely with your doctor to manage your DM
  control any other risk factors
• If excess weight is an issue, a doctor may
  prescribe changes in eating habits, exercise
  programs and medications to help keep weight in
  check.

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DM

• Diabetics may avoid or delay cardiovascular
  disease by controlling their blood sugar other
  risk factors
• Control weight cholesterol with a low-fat,
  low-cholesterol diet regular exercise
• It's also important to lower high blood pressure
• Do not to smoke
• BP should be lower than 130/80 mm Hg

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Cigarette smoking Bad News

• Cigarette smoking the most important
  preventable cause of premature death in the
  United States
• Smokers have a higher risk of developing a number
  of chronic disorders
• Cardiovascular disease MIs
• Several types of cancer
• Chronic obstructive lung disease

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Bad News

• Smoking increases the risk of coronary heart
  disease by itself
• when it acts with other factors, it greatly
  increases risk
• Smoking increases BP, decreases exercise
  tolerance increases the tendency for blood to
  clot

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Bad News

• Smoking also increases the risk of recurrent
  heart disease after bypass surgery
• Smoking is the most important risk factor for
  young men women
• It produces a greater relative risk in persons
  under age 50 than in those over 50
• Women who smoke use birth control pills greatly
  increase their risk of MI stroke
• compared with nonsmoking women who use birth
  control pills

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Second-hand Smoke

• The link between second-hand smoke disease is
  well known
• About 37,000 to 40,000 people die from heart
  blood vessel disease caused by other people's
  smoke each year
• Of these, about 35,000 nonsmokers die from heart
  disease, which includes MI

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The Good News

• About 48 million Americans smoke cigarettes, but
  most smokers are either actively trying to quit
  or want to quit
• Since 1965, more than 40 of all adults who have
  ever smoked have quit

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The Good News

• After 1 year off cigarettes, the excess risk of
  heart disease caused by smoking is reduced by 50
  
• After 15 years of abstinence, the risk is similar
  to that for people who've never smoked
• In 5 to 15 years, the risk of stroke for
  ex-smokers returns to the level of those who've
  never smoked

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The Good News

• Male smokers who quit between ages 35 to 39 add
  an average of 5 years to their lives
• Female quitters in this age group add 3 years
• Men women who quit at ages 65 to 69 increase
  their life expectancy by 1 year

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Benefits of Exercise

• Improves self-image
• Controls weight
• Improves cholesterol
• Prevents/manages BP
• Prevents bone loss
• Boosts energy level
• Helps manage stress releases tension
• Improves the ability to sleep well

• Counters anxiety/depression
• Increases strength/ability to do other physical
  activities
• Provides a way to share an activity with family
  friends
• Establishes good heart-healthy habits in children
  
• Helps prevent chronic illnesses associated with
  age
• Maintains quality of life independence longer

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Painless Ways to Increase Activity

• Do housework yourself Garden or mow    
• Go out for a walk before or after meals
• Walk or bike to the store instead of driving    
• If walking, pick up the pace or choose a hilly
  route
• Pedal your stationary bicycle while watching TV
    
• Stand up while talking on the telephone
• Walk the dog
• Park farther in the lot walk the extra distance
• Keep exercise equipment in good working order
  use it

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Painless Ways to Increase Activity

• Plan outings that include physical activity
• See the sights in new cities by walking
• Make a date with a friend to enjoy physical
  activities
• Play music while exercising or doing housework 
    
• Dance with someone or by yourself
• Join a club that emphasizes physical activity  
• When golfing, walk instead of using a cart    
• Play singles tennis instead of doubles    
• At a picnic, join in on badminton instead of
  croquet

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Painless Ways to Increase Activity

• Walk in the American Heart Associations Heart
  Walk

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Learn More Live

• Know your numbers
• Get active
• Work with your doctor
• http//www.americanheart.org

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The Cardiac Centerat 3006 Webster Street
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Mission

• Quality patient care through
• education research
• SERVICE, SERVICE, SERVICE
• We strive to exceed your expectations

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Division of Cardiology

• 18 Faculty Cardiologists
• 11 Non-invasive
• 4 Interventional
• 3 Electrophysiology
• 12 Cardiology Fellows
• 3 NPs/PAs

• 200 Staff
• Registered Nurses
• PharmDs
• Exercise Science Specialists
• Nutritionists
• Tobacco Treatment Specialist
• Cardiac Sonographers
• Technicians
• Clerical Staff
• Administrative Professionals

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Outpatient Sites

• 3006 Webster (West of CUMC hospital)
• Lakeside
• Bergan
• NW Radial Highway
• Columbus, NE
• Onawa, IA
• 9 Outreach Sites in NE IA

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Outpatient Prevention Services

• Partners in Cardiology
• Club Exercise Membership
• Individualized Exercise Program
• Nutrition Education
• Private
• Group Classes
• Cooking Schools

• Stress Management
• Tobacco Treatment
• Group
• Individual

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Outpatient CV Services

• Patient Eval Mgmt
• EKG
• Laboratory Studies
• Chest X-ray
• Stress Testing
• Diagnostic Cardiac Cath
• Cardiovascular Ultrasound
• Carotid, peripheral, renal, abdominal
• EECP
• Cardiac Rehabilitation

• Arrhythmia Mgmt Services
• Event Recorders
• Holter Monitors
• Heart-Lite
• Therapeutic Monitoring
• Anticoagulation medications
• Arrhythmia medications
• HIT (Heart Failure Mgmt)
• Device Mgmt
• Pacemaker
• ICD

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Support Groups

• The Cardiac Upbeats
• The Jump Starters
• Mended Hearts

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Collaborative Approach

• With Primary Care Provider
• Patient
• Family
• Among faculty
• Built in second opinion

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Call Us With Questions

• If you or a loved one have questions regarding
  Heart Health, talk to your primary care physician
  or contact The Cardiac Center of Creighton
  University Medical Center at 280-5920 to learn
  more about the programs available through
  Creighton's healthcare services.