Principles of Learning and Teaching P12

1
Principles of Learning and Teaching P-12

• Links to the Victorian Essential Learning
  Standards

2
Activity

• What is pedagogy?
• On the post-it notes provided, write down your
  definition of what pedagogy means to you
• Share your ideas with a group and decide on one
  definition for the group
• Report back to the whole group

3
Some definitions of pedagogy

• A term that is used to describe an approach to
  schooling, learning, and teaching that includes
  what is taught, how teaching occurs, and how what
  is taught is learned. academic.son.wisc.edu/dieke
  lmann/research/definitions.htm
• Literally means the art and science of educating
  children, pedagogy is often used as a synonym for
  teaching. Pedagogy embodies teacher-focused
  education. www.neiu.edu/dbehrlic/hrd408/glossary
  .htm

4
How People Learn (1)

• People construct new knowledge and understanding
  based on what they already know and believe
• Therefore.
• Students come to the classroom with
  preconceptions about how the world works. If
  their initial understanding is not engaged, they
  may fail to grasp the new concepts and
  information that are taught, or they may learn
  them for purposes of a test but revert to their
  preconceptions outside the classroom.
• Bransford et al (2000) How People Learn
  National Research Council.
• Research eLert Issue 1, February 2005
• .

5
How People Learn (2)

• One of the hallmarks of the new science of
  learning is its emphasis on learning with
  understanding.
• Understanding is the ability to use
  ideas/information flexibly and appropriately in
  novel contexts. To think and act flexibly with
  what one knows. Requires a performance
  capability.

6
Therefore

• To develop competence in an area of inquiry,
  students must
• Have a deep foundation of factual knowledge
• Understand facts and ideas in the context of a
  conceptual framework
• Organise knowledge in ways that assist retrieval
  and application

7
Therefore.

• A metacognitive approach can help students
  learn to take control of their own learning by
  defining learning goals and monitoring their
  progress in achieving them.

8
Implications for teaching

• Teachers must draw out and work with the
  pre-existing understandings that their students
  bring with them.
• Teachers must teach some subject matter in depth,
  providing many examples in which the same concept
  is at work and providing a firm foundation of
  factual knowledge.
• The teaching of metacognitive skills should be
  integrated into the curriculum in a variety of
  subject areas.

9
Other factors that influence learning

• The quality of student-teacher relationships
• Cultural differences may influence background
  knowledge and learning preferences.
• The level of motivation and engagement
• The level and effectiveness of feedback that is
  provided
• The learning context level of connectedness

10
The Principles of Learning and Teaching P-12

• Students learn best when
• 1. The learning environment is supportive and
  productive
• 2. The learning environment promotes
  independence, interdependence and self motivation
  
• 3. Students needs, backgrounds, perspectives and
  interests are reflected in the learning program
• 4. Students are challenged and supported to
  develop deep levels of thinking and application
• 5. Assessment practices are an integral part of
  teaching and learning
• 6. Learning connects strongly with communities
  and practice beyond the classroom

11
Components

• The learning environment is supportive and
  productive.
• In learning environments that reflect this
  principle the teacher
• 1.1 builds positive relationships through
  knowing
• and valuing each student
• 1.2 promotes a culture of value and respect
  for
• individuals and their communities
• 1.3 uses strategies that promote students
  self-
• confidence and willingness to take
  risks with their
• learning
• 1.4 ensures each student experiences success
  through
• structured support, the valuing of
  effort and
• recognition of their work.

12
Activity

• Read the unpacking document for your assigned
  Principle
• As a group prepare either a concept/mind map of
  the key points
• Nominate a spokesperson/s for the group and share
  ideas with the whole group

13
Victorian Essential Learning Standards

• Three Educational Purposes are embedded within
  the three core strands of The Standards.
• Students will need to create a future which
• Is sustainable
• Is innovative
• Builds strong communities.

14
Victorian Essential Learning Standards

• Five educational principles underpin The
  Standards
• Learning for all
• Pursuit of excellence
• Engagement and effort
• Respect for evidence
• Openness of mind

15
Activity

• Read over the Educational Purpose, Educational
  Principles and Stages of Learning statements of
  The Standards Overview document and Assessment
  Principles.
• .
• As a group, relate your assigned Principle of
  Learning and Teaching P-12 (PoLT) to the
  Purpose Statements, Educational Principles
  and Stages of Learning for the Victorian
  Essential Learning Standards.
• .
• Where are the links between the PoLT and the
  Standards? How does your Principle of Learning
  and Teaching support the Standards?
• .
• Justify how they relate/do not relate
• Identify 2 note worthy points. Why are they
• noteworthy?
• .
• Report back to whole group.

16
Activity

• Where to from here?
• Force Field Analysis
• What are the driving forces that will assist the
  implementation of the Standards?
• What are the restraining forces that will impede
  the implementation of The Standards?
• What are the de-activating forces that will
  enable you to overcome the restraining forces?
• Share your tables reflections with whole group