SEMINAR USE GROUP CLASSIFICATIONS 7TH EDITION BASIC BUILDING CODE

1
SEMINARUSE GROUP CLASSIFICATIONS7TH EDITION
BASIC BUILDING CODE

• Presented by staff of the Department of Public
  safety
• 4/29/08

2
Chapter 3Use and Occupancy

• One Key to Unlocking the Building Code

3
Chapter 3Use and Occupancy
4
Chapter 3Use and Occupancy
Potential for Fire is Equal in Both Cases
Severity is greater for Movie Theater
5
Occupancy RisksBalanced by Code Requirements
6
Chapter 3Use and Occupancy

• All structures are required to be classified in
  one or more use groups

7
Chapter 3Use and Occupancy
8
Chapter 3Use and Occupancy

• Assembly (see Section 303) Groups A-1, A-2, A-3,
  A-4 and A-5
• Business (see Section 304) Group B
• Educational (see Section 305) Group E
• Factory and Industrial (see Section 306) Groups
  F-1 and F-2
• High Hazard (see Section 307) Groups H-1, H-2,
  H-3, H-4 and H-5

9
Chapter 3Use and Occupancy-contd.

• Institutional (see Section 308) Groups I-1,
  I-2, I-3 and I-4
• Mercantile (see Section 309) Group M
• Residential (see Section 310) Groups R-1, R-2,
  R-3 as applicable in Section 101.2, and R-4
• Storage (see Section 311) Groups S-1 and S-2
• Utility and Miscellaneous (see Section 312)
  Group U

10
302.1.1 Incidental Use Areas

• Incidental Use areas are rooms or areas that
  constitute special hazards or risks to life
  safety beyond the protection required by the Code
  for the Occupancy in which they are located.

11
302.1.1 Incidental Use Areas

• Incidental Use areas do not have to cause mixed
  use classification unless a Designer so chooses
  to classify the Incidental Use as an additional
  use.

12
302.1.1 Incidental Use Areascontinued

• Spaces which are incidental to the main occupancy
  shall be separated or protected, or both, in
  accordance with Table 302.1.1 or the building
  shall be classified as a mixed occupancy and
  comply with Section 302.3.

13
Table 302.1.1 Incidental Use Areas
14
Accessory Use Areas

• A room or space w/in a building that is different
  from, but accessory to, the principal occupancy
  of the building.
• When Accessory Use areas are limited in size,
  they will not ordinarily represent a significant
  different life safety hazard.

15
Accessory Use Areascontinued

• Accessory Use classification does not apply when
  such areas are identified in Table 302.1.1 as
  Incidental Use.
• Also, H-Use is treated differently.

16
Accessory Use Areascontinued

• To Qualify as Accessory Use
• The Occupancy must be ancillary to the principal
  purpose for which the structure is occupied.
• The Accessory Use area shall not be greater than
  10 of the floor area of that floor of Principal
  Use.

17
Accessory Use Areascontinued

• To Qualify as Accessory Use-continued
• The space devoted to accessory use occupancy is
  less than the tabular height and area permitted
  by Table 503.

18
Assembly Group A

• General - Assembly Group A occupancy includes the
  use of a building or structure, or a portion
  thereof, for the gathering together of persons
  for purposes such as civic, social or religious
  functions, recreation, food or drink consumption
  or awaiting transportation.

19
Assembly Group Acontinued

• A room or space used for assembly purposes by
  less than 50 persons and accessory to another
  occupancy shall be included as a part of that
  occupancy.
• e.g small restaurant with occupant load of less
  than 50, located within an office building

20
Assembly Group Acontinued

• Assembly areas with less than 750 square feet and
  which are accessory to another occupancy
  according to Section 302.2.1 are not assembly
  occupancies.
• Assembly occupancies which are accessory to Group
  E in accordance with Section 302.2 are not
  considered assembly occupancies.

21
Assembly Group Acontinued

• Religious educational rooms and religious
  auditoriums which are accessory to churches in
  accordance with Section 302.2 and which have
  occupant loads of less than 100 shall be
  classified as A-3

22
Assembly Group A-1

• A-1 Assembly uses, usually with fixed seating,
  intended for the production and viewing of the
  performing arts or motion pictures including, but
  not limited to
• Motion picture theaters
• Symphony and concert halls
• Television and radio studios admitting an
  audience
• Theaters

23
Assembly Group A-2

• A-2 Assembly uses intended for food and/or drink
  consumption further categorized as A-2r and
  A-2nc (where A-2nc is the Assembly USE
  designation narrow to night clubs and A-2r is the
  USE designation for A-2 USES other than night
  clubs).

24
Assembly Group A-2continued

• Note independent of the A-2 USE Classification
  set forth herein, requirements associated with
  MGL c.148 26G.5, MGL c.148A, MGL c.143 97A
  all such General Laws related to C304 of the Acts
  of 2004 - could ultimately result in an A-2r USE
  being reclassified as an A-2nc USE.

25
Assembly Group A-3

• A-3 Assembly uses //worship, recreation or
  amusement and other assembly uses not classified
  elsewhere in Group A including, but not limited
  to 
• Amusement arcades
• Art galleries
• Bowling alleys
• Churches
• Community halls

26
Assembly Group A-3continued

• A-3 Assembly uses continued
• See Section 303.1 for a more complete list of
  typical A-3 uses.

27
Assembly Group A-4

• A-4 Assembly uses intended for viewing of indoor
  sporting events and activities with spectator
  seating including, but not limited to
• Arenas
• Skating rinks
• Swimming pools
• Tennis courts

28
Assembly Group A-5

• A-5 Assembly uses intended for participation in
  or viewing outdoor activities including, but not
  limited to
• Amusement park structures
• Bleachers
• Grandstands
• Stadiums

29
Business - Group B

• 304.1 Business Group B. Group B occupancy include
  use for office, professional or service-type
  transactions, etc., such as
• Car wash
• Clinicoutpatient
• Educational occupancies above the 12th grade
• Motor vehicle showrooms
• See Section 303.1 for a more complete list of
  typical B uses.

30
Educational - E

• All structures OTHER THAN business training or
  vocational training.
• 6 or more people through 12th grade
• Includes Child day care when children over 2
  years 9 months

31
Educational - E

• Religious educational rooms or auditoriums,
  accessory to churches in accordance with Section
  302.2 and have occupant loads of less than 100,
  shall be classified as A-3.
• Group E includes Child day care when children
  over 2 years 9 months.

32
Factory and IndustrialGroup F

• Assembling, fabricating, finishing,
  manufacturing, packaging, repair, etc. that are
  not classified as a Group H hazardous or Group S
  storage occupancy.
• Classified as F-1 or F-2

33
Factory and IndustrialGroup F-continued

• F-1 Moderate Hazard
• 306.2 Factory Industrial F-1 Moderate-Hazard
  Occupancy. Factory industrial uses which are not
  classified as Factory Industrial F-2 Low Hazard
  shall be classified as F-1 Moderate Hazard

34
Factory and IndustrialGroup F-1, continued

• Appliances
• Athletic equipment
• Bakeries
• Beverages over 12-percent alcohol content
• See Section 306.2 for a more complete list of
  typical F-1 uses.

35
Factory and IndustrialGroup F-2

• 306.3 Factory Industrial F-2 Low-Hazard
  Occupancy. Factory industrial uses that involve
  the fabrication or manufacturing of
  noncombustible materials which during finishing,
  packing or processing do not involve a
  significant fire hazard

36
Factory and IndustrialGroup F-2, continued

• 306.3 Factory Industrial F-2
• Beverages up to and including 12-percent alcohol
  content
• Brick and masonry
• Ice
• Metal products (fabrication and assembly)
• See Section 306.3 for a more complete list of
  typical F-1 uses.

37
High Hazard - H

• All structures occupied for the manufacturing,
  processing ,generating, storage of materials that
  constitute a physical or health hazard in
  quantities in excess of those found in Tables
  307.7(1) and 307.7(2) (see also definition of
  Control area).
• H-1, H-2, H-3, H-4, H-5

38
Control Area

• CONTROL AREA. Spaces within a building that are
  enclosed and bounded by exterior walls, fire
  walls, fire barriers and roofs, or a combination
  thereof, where quantities of hazardous materials
  not exceeding the maximum allowable quantities
  per control area are stored, dispensed, used or
  handled.

39
High Hazard - Group H-1

• F 307.3 High-Hazard Group H-1. Buildings and
  structures containing materials that pose a
  detonation hazard shall be classified as Group H-1

40
High Hazard - Group H-1continued

• Explosives
• Division 1.1
• Division 1.2
• Division 1.3.
• Division 1.4
• Division 1.5
• Division 1.6 Organic peroxides, etc.
• See Section 307.1 for a more complete list of
  typical H-1 uses and Exceptions.

41
High Hazard - Group H-1continued

• Division 1.1. Explosives that have a mass
  explosion hazard.  
• Division 1.2. Explosives that have a projection
  hazard but not a mass explosion hazard. 
• Division 1.3. Explosives that have a fire hazard
  and either a minor blast hazard or a minor
  projection hazard or both, but not a mass
  explosion hazard.

42
High Hazard - Group H-1continued

• Division 1.4. Explosives that pose a minor
  explosion hazard.
• Division 1.5. Very insensitive explosives.
•  
• Division 1.6. Extremely insensitive articles
  which do not have a mass explosion hazard.

43
High Hazard - Group H-2

• F 307.4 High-Hazard Group H-2.
• Buildings and structures containing materials
  that pose a deflagration hazard or a hazard from
  accelerated burning shall be classified as Group
  H-2.

44
High Hazard - Group H-2continued

• DEFLAGRATION. An exothermic reaction, such as the
  extremely rapid oxidation of a flammable dust or
  vapor in air, in which the reaction progresses
  through the unburned material at a rate less than
  the velocity of sound.

45
High Hazard - Group H-2continued

• Examples include
• Combustible dusts
• Cryogenic fluids, flammable
• Flammable gases
• Organic peroxides, Class I
• Oxidizers, Class 3, that are used or stored in
  normally open containers
• See Section 307.4 for a more complete list of
  typical H-2 uses and Exceptions.

46
High Hazard - Group H-3

• F 307.5 High-Hazard Group H-3.
• Buildings and structures containing materials
  that readily support combustion or that pose a
  physical hazard shall be classified as Group H-3.

47
High Hazard - Group H-3continued

• Examples of Group H-3
• Combustible fibers
• Cryogenic fluids, oxidizing
• Flammable solids
• Organic peroxides, Classes II and III
• Oxidizers, Classes 1 and 2
• Oxidizing gases
• See Section 307.5 for a more complete list of
  typical H-3 uses and Exceptions.
• .

48
High Hazard - Group H-4

• F 307.6 High-Hazard Group H-4. Buildings and
  structures which contain materials that are
  health hazards shall be classified as Group H-4.
  Such materials shall include, but not be limited
  to, the following
• Corrosives
• Highly toxic materials
• Toxic materials

49
High Hazard - Group H-5

• F 307.7 Group H-5 structures. Semiconductor
  fabrication facilities and comparable research
  and development areas in which hazardous
  production materials (HPM) are used and the
  aggregate quantity of materials is in excess of
  those listed in Tables 307.7(1) and 307.7(2).
• Such facilities and areas shall be designed and
  constructed in accordance with Section 415.9.

50
High Hazard - HMultiple Hazards

• F 307.8 Multiple hazards. Buildings and
  structures containing a material or materials
  representing hazards that are classified in one
  or more of Groups H-1, H-2, H-3 and H-4 shall
  conform to the code requirements for each of the
  occupancies so classified.

51
High Hazard - HMultiple Hazards Exceptions

• F 307.9 Exceptions See Table 307.7(1) and
  Table 307.7(2)
• Note that combined compliance w/780 CMR, 527 CMR
  and applicable portions of the IFC-2003 is
  required when designing H-Uses per the 7th
  Edition Basic Building Code.

52
High Hazard - HExceptions 307.8

• Less than Exempt amounts - table 307.8
• Buildings Utilizing Control Areas 417.2
• 10,000 or more tires providing building
  sprinklered
• 15 Exemptions in total

53
Institutional - I

• People suffering from physical limitations
  because of health
• Harbored for medical or other care
• Detained for penal or correctional purposes
• Classified in categories I-1 through I-4

54
Institutional - Group I-1

• I-1
• 17 or more
• 24 hour supervised environment due to age,
  physical or mental disability
• Capable of responding to emergency without
  personal assistance EXCEPT AS MODIFIED BY 780 CMR
  4
• Exceptions
• 5 or fewer R-3
• 6-16 R-4

55
Institutional - Group I-1continued

• Residential board and care facilities
• Assisted living facilities? (NO! see MGL c.19D)
• Halfway houses
• Group homes (Except as related to DMR Group
  Homes)
• Congregate care facilities
• Social rehabilitation facilities
• Alcohol and drug centers
• Convalescent facilities

56
Institutional - Group I-2

• 308.3 Group I-2
• 6 or more
• medical, surgical, psychiatric, nursing or
  custodial care on a 24-hour basis.
• Not capable of self-preservation except as
  modified by the provisions of 780 CMR Chapter 4
• Exception
• 5 or fewer R-3

57
Institutional - Group I-2continued

• I-2 Buildings
• Hospitals
• Nursing homes (both intermediate-care facilities
  and skilled nursing facilities)
• Mental hospitals
• Detoxification facilities

58
Institutional - Group I-3

• 6 or more
• Occupants under restraint or security
• Incapable of Self Preservation due to security
  measures beyond occupants control
• Conditions 1-5 in classification of restraint
  (Condition 5 being highest restraint condition)
• Exception
• 5 or less a Residential Occupancy subject to
  special hardware requirements
• Condition 1 a Residential Use

59
Institutional - Group I-3continued

• Examples of an I-3
• Prisons
• Jails
• Reformatories
• Detention centers
• Correctional centers
• Prerelease centers

60
Institutional - Group I-4

• 308.5 Group I-4, day care center.
• 6 or more
• Either 2 years and 9 months or less or greater
  than 12th grade and not capable of self
  preservation w/o assistance
• Exceptions
• 5 or fewer R-3
• Places of worship during religious functions
• 6-100 of 2 years 9 months or less w/special
  egress

61
Mercantile - M

• 309.1 Mercantile Group M - buildings and
  structures or a portion thereof, for
• the display and sale of merchandise, and involves
  stocks of goods, wares or merchandise incidental
  to such purposes and accessible to the public.

62
Mercantile - M

• Typical Group M uses
• Department stores
• Drug stores
• Markets
• Motor fuel-dispensing facilities
• Retail or wholesale stores
• Sales rooms
• Certain controls on limited amounts of hazardous
  materials (see Sections 309 and 414.2.4)

63
Residential - Group R-Use

• Sleeping Accommodations when not classified as an
  Institutional use
• Sub-classified R-1 through R-4
• MGL c 19D requires Assisted Living Residences to
  be classified as R-1, R-2 R-3 or R-4 as
  applicable.

64
Residential - Group R-1

• R-1
• Hotels, motels, boarding or lodging houses
• Occupants primarily transient (
• Such as
• Boarding houses (transient)
• Hotels (transient)
• Motels (transient)

65
Residential - Group R-2

• R-2 Residential occupancies containing sleeping
  units or more than two dwelling units
• Non-transient occupancy
• Characterized by shared exits
• Apartment houses
• Boarding houses (not transient)
• Convents
• Dormitories
• See Section 310 for a more complete list of
  typical R-2 uses.

66
Residential - R

• R-2
• Multiple Family Dwelling Units with more than 2
  dwelling units
• Characterized by shared exits
• Occupants Non Transient

67
Residential - Group R-3

• All stand-alone one and two family dwellings
  with independent exits
• All multiple (three or more) single family
  dwellings (townhouses) that are more than 3
  stories in height
• Townhouses that are 3 stories in height or
  less???
• Number of lodgers or Boarders no longer defined

68
Residential - Group R-4

• Buildings arranged as residential care including
  more than five but not more than 16 occupants,
  excluding staff.
• Group R-4 occupancies shall meet the requirements
  for construction for Group R-3 except as
  otherwise provided for in this code (i.e.,
  seismic provisions of 780 CMR are imposed on
  other than one- and two-family houses, etc.).

69
Residential - All Group R

• Pursuant to MGL c.19D, Assisted Living Residences
  which are certified as such by the Executive
  Office of Elder Affairs, shall be classified in
  the residential use group R-1, R-2, R-3, or R-4
  as applicable.
• For Building Code purposes, however, portions of
  Assisted Living Residences which are used for any
  use other than residential shall be classified
  and designed and constructed in accordance with
  the intended use.

70
Storage - Groups S

• Use of a building or structure, or a portion
  thereof, for storage that is not classified as a
  hazardous occupancy.
• Sub-classified as S-1 or S-2
• Must have less than Exempt Amounts of Hazardous
  Materials otherwise must be classified as H

71
Storage - Group S-1

• Combustible materials stored that burn with ease.
• Examples (also see Section 311.2 for more
  information)
• Aircraft repair hangar
• Tires, bulk storage of
• Motor vehicle repair garages complying with the
  maximum allowable quantities of hazardous
  materials listed in Table 307.7(1) (see
  Section 406.6)

72
Storage - Group S-2

• Storage of Noncombustible Materials
• Without significant amount of combustible
  wrappings
• Must have negligible amount of plastic trim
• Materials may be on wood pallets or in paper
  cartons

73
Storage - Group S-2

• Examples (also see Section 311.3 for more
  information)
• Beverages up to and including 12-percent alcohol
  in metal, glass or ceramic containers
• containers
• Food Products
• Frozen Foods
• Glass
• Oil-filled and other types of distribution
  transformers

74
Utility or Miscellaneous - Group U

• Not Classified in Any Specific Use Group or
• Buildings and Structures of Accessory Character
• Must be constructed commensurate with life safety
  and fire hazard
• Examples See Section 312 for more information)
• Barns
• Carports
• Private garages

75
Mixed Use Groups - 302

• Two or More Occupancies not included in same Use
  Group

76
Mixed Use Groups

• 2 Methods to Deal with Mixed Use Groups in a
  single building
• Non Separated Mixed Use - 302.3.1
• Separated Mixed Use - 302.3.2

77
Mixed Use Groups - 302

• Non Separated Mixed Use - 302.3.1
• Identify each Use
• Determine governing Construction Type based on
  allowed Height and Area per Use
• The most restrictive applicable provisions of
  Section 403 and Chapter 9 shall apply
• Fire separations are not required

78
Mixed Use Groups - 302

• Separated Mixed Use - 302.3.2
• Separate Uses with Fire resistance rated
  construction as required by Table 302.3.2
• Design each space for use group of that space
• Construction Type determined based on both height
  of fire area relative to grade and aras of each
  occupancy relative to total floor area per story
• Fire Resistance ratings may be reduced if entire
  building suppressed w/an NFPA 13 System.

79
Mixed Use Groups - 302

• Separated Mixed Use - 302.3.2
• Apply Height and Area limitations separately for
  each space such that the sums of all the areas of
  each use group complies with

80
Mixed Use Groups - 313

• Separate Buildings - 313.3
• Separate the use groups with FIRE WALLS and
  design the Buildings as Separate Buildings
• Fire Wall Ratings are specified in Table 602

81
Specific Occupancy Areas302.1.1

• Must be Incidental to Main Use Group
• Must be separated and protected in accordance
  with table 302.1.1
• Allowed to be classified with the Main Use Group
• Separation requirement not applicable if building
  sprinklered

82
Specific Occupancy Areas302.1.1
83
Accessory Areas302.1.2

• Cannot Occupy More Than 10 of Allowable Area
  Permitted by Table 503
• Cannot Occupy more than 10 of Use Group to which
  it is accessory

84
Table 503
85
Accessory Areas302.1.2

• Fire Separation Assembly Not Required
• Classify in accordance with main use group

86
Accessory Areas - 302.1.2
87
Accessory Areas - 302.1.2
Total Area 14,400 sf
Permissible Area for S-1 from Table 503 8400 sf
10 of Building Area 1440 sf
10 of Permissible Area for S-1 840 sf (2C
construction)
S-1 Does not qualify as accessory area
Building Construction Type 2C
Building must be designed as MIXED USE (B and S-1)