Titul

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Titul
SUSTAINABLE WASTE WATER REUSE TECHNOLOGIES FOR
IRRIGATED LAND IN NIS AND SOUTHERN EUROPEAN
STATES
Partner 6 National Scientific
Center "Institute for Soil Science and
Agrochemistry Research (NSC ISSAR) Vitaliy
Medvedev scientific leader Tetyana
Laktionova Svyatoslav Balyuk Volodymyr Ladnykh
Arkadiy Chernokozinskiy Igor Gaivoronskiy -
scientific workers Nataliya Shein financial
manager
Address Str. Chaikovsky 4, Kharkiv, 61024,
Ukraine Tel. [phone] Fax 38 057
7041669 E-mail medvedev_at_online.kharkiv.com
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Overview of field and analytic results of 2006
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2006 Primary study sitePartner 6
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2006 Primary study sitePartner 6
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2006 Primary study sitePartner 6
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2006 Primary study sitePartner 6
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2006 Primary study sitePartner 6
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Overview of some economic results of 2006
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Expenditures of cost for the research
equipment
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Expenditures of cost for the research equipment
(continuous)
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Forest zone (Polissya) Soddy podzolic soils sandy
Kharkiv region
Forest-Steppe zone Dark gray podzolized
soils, Chernozem typical
Steppe zone Chernozems
Soils of Ukraine
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Primary study site. Description of soil

• Soil - Chernozem typical, leached
• FAO Chernozem Haplic
• Texture heavy loamy
• Parent material heavy loamy loess.
• Brief description of a soil profile
• H (A), 0-50 cm Hp (AB) 50-80
• Phk (BC) 80-115 Pk (C) 115-200 cm.

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General characteristic and location of the
primary study site

• Total site area 238 m2
• Location - Kharkiv region, Kharkiv district,
• Experimental station Korotych of the NSC ISSAR
  
• at a 10 km to southwest from Kharkiv city.
• latitude - 49,96
• longitude - 36,01
• altitude - 134 m above the sea level.
• Type of land use plowed shallow land with rich
  grassy vegetation.
• Groundwater level 20 m

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Scheme of microfield experiment on the primary
study site

• Variants
• 1 - irrigation by fresh water control (4 plots)
• 2 - irrigation by waste water of pig farm (4
  plots)
• 3 - irrigation by municipal waste waters from
  Kharkiv city (4 plots)
• Total number 12 plots
• 4 zone of protection (non irrigated area)

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Description of management 2006
In total 4 irrigations are executed 3.07
20-21.07 6-7.08 and 13-15.09. Volume of water
at the rate of 250, 400, 400 and 400
m3/hectares. The maize was growing. Soil
tillage and harvesting manually. Winter
wheat was sowing in 25.09.
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Bulk density Method of sampling by cylinders 100
cm³ volume Method of measuring based on
determination of sample weight after drying
at 105º C to equilibrium weight. Time of
sampling May 16 and August 21-23 2006 Number of
replication 7 on each from 12 plot. Total number
of samples 336.
Soil physical parameters. Results of
measurements 2006
Pure water
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Municipal waste water
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Waste water of pig farm
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Soil physical parameters. Results of
measurements 2006

• Soil moisture content
• dynamics was measured during everyone
  irrigation day with periodicity
• 5-10 minutes, and during 2-3 days after that
  with periodicity 2 hours. At rest time -
  periodicity 2 time for week.
• 1 access tube on the plot 2006
• 3 access tube on the plot 2007

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Soil physical parameters. Results of
measurements 2006
First 5 minutes the contents of water on 3 top
depths appreciably changes
More deeply without changes
Norm of irrigation equal 400 m³/hectar
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Soil physical parameters. Results of
measurements 2006
Norm of irrigation equal 400 m³/hectar
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Soil physical parameters. Results of
measurements 2006
Norm of irrigation equal 400 m³/hectar
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Soil physical parameters. Results of
measurements 2006
Norm of irrigation equal 400 m3/hectar
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Soil physical parameters. Results of
measurements 2006
Norm of irrigation equal 400 m3/hectar
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Soil physical parameters. Results of
measurements 2006
Norm of irrigation equal 400 m3/hectar
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3 access tubes arrangement on the plot in April
2007
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Soil moisture monitoring. April 11, 2007 (see
Excel Tab)
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Electrical conductivity EC
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Maize green mass harvest (2006)
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Maize grain harvest (2006)
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List of questions for characteristic of
socio-economic and legislative aspects of
irrigation by waste waters (fragment of DB)

• 1101. Region
• 1102. The historical information about use of
  waste waters
• 1103. The characteristic of used methods for
  cleaning
• 1104. Characteristic of waste waters applied for
  irrigation
• 1105. The material base of irrigation by waste
  waters
• 1106. Irrigation rate
• 1107. Dynamics (changes) of development
  (irrigable area on years)
• 1108. The cultivated agricultural crops
• 1109. Features of technologies of cultivation
• 1110. Yields (average annual data) and yields
  change compared to 'normal'
• Irrigation
• 1111. Economical parameters of waste waters
  irrigation
• 1112. Examples of highly effective use of waste
  waters
• 1113. Examples of lowly effective use of waste
  waters, reasons
• 1114. Use of crop production (raw material for
  the trade, forage for animal, other
• needs)
• 1115. The control of water and crop production
• 1116. Current legislation, restrictive and
  permitting documents
• 1117. Features of mutual relation in system "a
  source - consumer of water

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Socio-economic and legislative aspects
The content of woks (general information) -
List of questions (25) - Manual for sampling of
detailed information - Methods of information
sampling Publications (white
literature) Different reports (gray
literature) Websites of state
establishments Interviews - Main results
Summary for a long experience Proposal of lacks
prevention Elaboration of further
perspective
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Main results of irrigation by waste waters in
Ukraine (from socio economical review)

• Positive
• before 1990 more 100000 hectares of irrigation
  area
• for a long term experience in Agriculture
• inventory waste waters of different origin and of
  its quality
• wide geography and network of field experiments
• satisfactory possibilities of waters, plants and
  soils control
• satisfactory level of permitting documents
• mainly good economical results
• relatively rare ecological unfavorable
  consequences

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Main results of irrigation by waste waters in
Ukraine (from socio economical review)

• Adverse
• sharp lowering of irrigation area by waste waters
  after 1990
• closing of majority long term field experiments
• increasing of prejudice to irrigation by waste
  waters
• absence of irrigation by waste waters in state
  program
• obsolete normative documents

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Main results of irrigation by waste waters in
Ukraine (from socio economical review)

• Proposal
• new concept of irrigation by waste waters (to
  market condition)
• proposal based on European experience
• renewing of technological recommendations
• renewing of permitting documents
• proposal to state, region and district program

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1 cm
6 cm
13 cm
20 cm
Large coloured pores visual evidence of
preferential flows
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ProposalAdditional microfield experiment for
strategy of waste waters using(for discussion)

• Site Kharkiv region
• Soil Chernozem typical heavy loam
• Beginning 2007 (May)
• Waste water agricultural (pig-farm)
• Variants rate of irrigation (1,0 0,75 0,50) -
  A, B, C
• time of irrigation (2, 3
  irrigation) 2, 3
• Repetitions 3
• Size of plot 1,5 x 1,5 m or 1,0 x 1,0 m

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Winter Wheat, April, 11, 2007