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EBU strategy for broadcasttelecommunications convergence

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Title: EBU strategy for broadcasttelecommunications convergence


1
EBU strategy for broadcast/telecommunications
convergence
  • Franc Kozamernik
  • European Broadcasting Union

2
Agenda
  • EBU in the nutshell
  • Broadcast vs. telecom
  • Possible synergies of broadcasting,
    telecommunications and internet
  • Possible scenarios
  • Conclusions

3
European Broadcasting Union - EBU
  • The EBU is the largest professional association
    of national broadcasters in the world
  • Founded in 1950. Merged with OIRT in 1993.
  • 69 active members in Europe, North Africa and
    Middle East and further 45 associate members
  • Eurovision and Euroradio satellite/terrestrial
    networks
  • Programming, legal and technical activities

4
Broadcasting vs. Telecoms
  • Both broadcasting and telecommunications are
    important industries and both are playing their
    respective role in our societies.
  • Both are mature industries and both have been
    highly successful, since several decades, in
    terms of building up
  • a large consumer base,
  • huge turnouts,
  • large numbers of radio/TV receivers and telecom
    terminals used,
  • extensive infrastructures
  • large numbers of workers

5
Broadcasting vs. Telecoms
  • In the past, they have been evolving separately
    in different directions as two entirely different
    entities.
  • Since last two decades, both industries made
    significant progress in adopting digital
    technologies.
  • More recently, they embarked into packet-based
    technologies and the development of multimedia
    services and applications with the following
    common features
  • increased mobility,
  • geographical and time independence,
  • individualisation and personalisation,
  • Interactive and on-demand services,
  • better technical quality and increased security

6
Broadcasting vs. Telecoms
  • It is important to understand the differences
    between these separate industries
  • Telecoms is mainly one-to-one
  • Broadcasting is mainly one-to-many - All users
    tuned to a given channel receive the same content
  • From the all-important perspective of users
  • Both models will continue to be needed for
    different types of services and applications
  • Both models have advantages and disadvantages

7
Broadcasting vs. Telecoms
  • Economists designate free-to-air broadcasting as
    a public good because the marginal cost of
    extra viewers or listeners is zero
  • Telecoms operators get more revenue as the use of
    their networks increases
  • Broadcasters are mainly interested in content
  • Delivery technologies are incidental to them
  • Telecoms operators are mainly interested in
    delivery systems
  • Content is incidental, but will become more
    important as the impetus for new services

8
Multimedia convergence at different levels
Broadcaster
Service provision
Internet / Telecom Provider
Broadcast Network
Internet
Core transport
Core Network IP, ATM, SDH, WDM
Node
Headend
POTS ISDN xDSL fibre GSM GPRS UMTS
Access
HFC LMDS
User Terminal
9
Broadcasters
  • Sound radio and television are the most important
    mass media and play a major and irreplaceable
    part in the lives of the people
  • Radio is simple, ubiquitous, free service,
    non-expensive receivers, mobile and portable,
    user-friendly, informative and trusted medium
  • Television is more sophisticated, used in the
    home/family, provides entertainment, information
    and education
  • Both radio and TV are in the process of radical
    changes and move towards digitisation and
    multimedia

10
Content
  • The choice of TV services available to the
    average consumer has increased dramatically, but
    expenditure on new programmes has not kept pace
    with this expansion
  • Traditional broadcast services (i.e. one-to-many
    one-way) will continue to be important because
    mass audiences are required to cover the costs of
    high quality content production
  • Broadcasters will also embrace the opportunities
    offered by multimedia services and applications,
    including interactive and on-demand services
  • Users will transform themselves from passive
    consumers to active creators able to choose the
    content and presentation to their liking

11
Broadcast Delivery
  • Broadcasters (content providers) will probably
    become agnostic about delivery systems
  • The existing analogue terrestrial transmissions
    will remain attractive because they are almost
    universally available
  • Radio broadcasters can choose from
  • AM
  • FM
  • DAB (Digital Audio Broadcasting)
  • Internet its successors

12
TV Delivery Systems
  • TV broadcasters will choose from
  • analogue terrestrial
  • analogue satellite
  • digital satellite (DVB-S)
  • digital terrestrial (DVB-T)
  • digital cable (DVB-C)
  • digital MMDS (DVB-MC DVB-MS)
  • Internet and its successors
  • UMTS or GPRS
  • broadband radio services (BRAN, MBS)

13
Digital Audio Broadcasting - DAB
  • Eureka 147 DAB system, first shown publicly in
    1988 in Geneva Recommended by ITU-R as a a
    worldwide standard
  • Terrestrial system using OFDM modulation, very
    robust, 1.5 Mbs channel, audio and data
    (multimedia) services
  • 300 million people in 25 countries worldwide are
    within DAB reach
  • Coverage in the UK is 79 of the population
  • 509 different DAB services are available 225
    PSB, 284 CS
  • 25 manufacturers are making 16 different types of
    consumer products car, home, portable radios
    and PC cards
  • Prices to fall by 50 or more (to 99) by end of
    2001!

14
Digital Video Broadcasting - DVB
  • Family of DVB standards based on ISO MPEG-2
    Satellite, Cable, Terrestrial and MMDS
  • De facto worldwide standard, flexible, robust,
    different bit rates and channels
  • Multimedia Home Platform (MHP) paves the way to
    multimedia
  • 7 million BSkyB and 1 million OnDigital
    set-top-boxes in the UK
  • In UK, STB are given away for free different
    business model than for DAB
  • Terrestrial DVB is bogged down by the spectrum
    scarcity in Europe

15
EBU Statement on DAB versus DVB-T
  • DAB is to serve radio communities
  • DVB-T is to serve television communities
  • Similar technologies (OFDM)
  • Different emphasis but complementary systems
  • Both are needed and both should be deployed
  • DVB-T cannot replace DAB, even not in a longer
    term
  • DVB-T is able to carry radio services but this
    may represent only a minority market
  • Both systems will be used for mobile Multimedia
    in future

16
Digital radio Mondiale - DRM
  • DRM is being developed to replace analogue LW, MF
    and SW radio below 30 MHz
  • Designed as a flexible system able to overcome
    adverse propagation conditions deep and long
    fades, echoes and multipath
  • A variety of audio and channel coding options and
    modulation schemes to copy with different channel
    bandwidth requirements

17
Broadcasting to Mobile and Portable terminals
18
UMTS
Stationary
2 Mb/s
Pedestrian
384 kb/s
Mobile
144 kb/s
Bit rate (kb/s)
19
UMTS and other radio technologies
DVB cable
PSTN
xDSL
Stationary
ISDN
UMTS
DVB satellite
Pedestrian
GPRS
Mobile
DVB terrestrial
DAB
GSM
Bit rate (kb/s)
20
Analogue-to-digital transition
  • Digital technology must be significantly better
    in any respect than analogue radio for all
    players, especially for consumers
  • An agreed introduction strategy and
    concerted/synchronous efforts of all major
    players at a national level
  • public service and commercial broadcasters
  • new content providers
  • receiver/transmitter/IC manufacturers
  • network operators
  • spectrum regulators
  • retailers
  • users customer awareness
  • Public and governmental support is absolutely
    needed

21
A national matter
  • Each and every country in Europe has very
    specific economic, cultural and media regulation
    situation
  • Broadcasting (and electronic media) is a matter
    of national states or even regions (e.g. Germany)
  • Any implementation plan and analogue switch-off
    strategy should take into account national
    broadcasting diversities and national priorities
  • International organisations and associations such
    as EBU are valuable but cannot replace national
    efforts and decisions. They should however
    provide common technology standards,
    implementation guidelines, lobbying, promotion
    and advice

22
Governmental decision
  • Digital may take several years to reach the level
    of the present analogue broadcasting
  • Transition to digital may be much slower than
    expected unless there is a concerted effort at a
    a national level
  • Broadcasting will ultimately become digital, but
    at what stage the analogue stations may be
    withdrawn?
  • As the transition is a costly exercise, small and
    commercial stations may remain on analogue for
    very long
  • A governmental announcement of the analogue
    withdrawal deadline at an early stage would have
    a positive effect

23
Analogue Switch-Off
  • A timely announcement of Analogue Switch-Off
    (ASO) by the national government will have the
    following advantages
  • A CLEAR SIGNAL TO ALL PLAYERS about the
    intentions of the government and will accelerate
    A-D transition
  • NETWORK PROVIDERS - will reduce transmission cost
    which is now doubled due to simulcasting in
    analogue and digital. More money will be
    available for the completion of terrestrial
    networks
  • ADMINISTRATIONS/REGULATORS - will be able to use
    parts of the analogue spectrum soon after ASO
  • CUSTOMERS - will be encouraged to purchase
    digital STBs as of now
  • MANUFACTURERS - will sell more digital products
    and the prices would go gradually down, diversity
    of receivers will increase

24
Interactive Multimedia Broadcasting
  • LEVEL 1 LOCAL INTERACTIVITY - storage in the
    terminal (e.g. TV Anytime)
  • LEVEL 2 ONE-WAY RETURN CHANNEL
  • LEVEL 3 TWO-WAY INTERACTIVE CHANNEL


25
LEVEL 1 Interactive Broadcasting
  • No return link needed
  • Internal storage device in the user terminal to
    allow
  • linear programmes to be consumed in a non-linear
    manner (e.g. a news bulletin)
  • users to order a programme to be recorded by a
    single click during a trailer
  • intelligent agents to record programmes that they
    think you might want to listen to
  • sophisticated interactive multimedia information
    services, continuously up-dated and available
    instantly to consumers
  • automatic indexing of recorded programmes
  • Examples TV Anytime Project, TiVo

26
LEVEL 2 Interactive Broadcasting
  • Interactive Broadcasts can be further enhanced by
    the use of a narrow-band return channel (e.g.
    GSM, GPRS, UMTS, Internet)
  • DAB or DVB-T can be used as forward transport
    media in connection with return channel
  • Return channel connects the end user with the
    content originator
  • content provider
  • service provider
  • multiplex provider
  • Supplementary individually addressed traffic
  • Possibility for secure encryption or charging
    mechanisms

27
LEVEL 3 Interactive Broadcasting
  • LEVEL 3 allows for PERSONAL BROADCASTING
  • DAB or DVB-T used as transport medium for
    broadcast and individually addressed traffic in
    connection with an interactive channel (e. g.
    PSTN, GSM, GPRS, UMTS, Internet)
  • Highly assymetric services
  • Requires roaming/handover network functionalities
  • Requires secure encryption and charging
    mechanisms
  • A WorldDAB project DAB/Mobile using SIM and
    Java card for transactions will start in the
    autumn
  • Joint UMTS Forum / DVB Forum group (see TM 2466)

28
Scenario 1 Integration at the terminal level
DTV
DxB TX
Broadcaster(s)
Mux
DVB-T
Mobile terminal
Data carrousel
UMTS/UTRA
DVB or UMTS
Base Station
Mobile Operator
ISP
29
Scenario 2 IP services on co-ordinated UMTS and
DVB networks
DTV
DxB TX
Broadcaster
Mux
DVB-T
Mobile terminal
Data carrousel/ multicasting
UMTS/UTRA
DVB or UMTS
Base Station
Mobile Operator
ISP
30
Scenario 3 UMTS as an interaction channel
DTV
DxB TX
Broadcaster
Mux
DVB-T
Mobile terminal
Data carrousel/ multicasting
ITV RC
UMTS/UTRA
DVB or UMTS
Base Station
Mobile Operator
ISP
31
Scenario 4 Delivery of DVB TV over UMTS
Broadcaster
UMTS terminal
DTV
B-UMTS BS
UMTS/UTRA
Base Station
Mobile Operator
ISP
TV on demand
32
Scenario 5 UMTS network with an integrated DVB-T
downlink
Mobile terminal
DVB-T
DVB-T TX
Data carrousel/ multicasting
UMTS/UTRA
Base Station
Mobile Operator
ISP
33
Broadcast Multimedia Services
  • News and sport
  • Weather
  • Special events
  • Polling and voting
  • Tell me more
  • Infoseek
  • Travel information
  • Traffic information
  • Navigation
  • Internet access
  • EPG
  • Near video-on-demand
  • Games
  • Oriented advertisment
  • Home shopping
  • Electronic banking
  • Mobile office
  • Education
  • Interactive training
  • Handicap support

34
IP over broadcast channels
  • DAB and DVB broadcast channels have relatively
    large bandwidth but for regulatory reasons only
    a small portion (typically, less than 20) can be
    used for data services such as IP multimedia
  • Access to web pages via broadcast channels is
    fast and reliable
  • Broadcasters may adopt a concept of a Walled
    garden
  • Pre-selection of Web pages limits the usefulness
    of this service compared with full Internet
    access. Broadcaster decides on a selection of
    best sites and transmits the same sites to all
    customers
  • Customers can browse locally between the sites
    chosen by the broadcaster.
  • Interaction channel is provided by a
    telecommunication channel

35
Push Technology
  • Push technology is similar to broadcasting - one
    to many
  • Multimedia files are pushed from a broadcaster as
    e-mails to the subscriber computers (typically
    several hundreds only)
  • different from broadcasting is that users can
    only receive their narrowcast information
    according to their individual user profile
  • Push services delivered over the Internet
    allow users to specify their interests
  • news items about specific subjects, share prices
    for a particular company, etc.
  • The users computer periodically checks if any
    relevant new information is available, and
    downloads it for display
  • The number of subscribers could increase if
    dial-up connections are replaced by fast
    Internet broadcast channels


36
Webcasting
  • Broadcasting over the internet - complementary to
    conventional over-air broadcasting
  • Continuous live streaming
  • On demand streaming
  • On demand downloading
  • Global access, full interactivity, personal
    filters, niche themes, audience monitoring
  • Poor technical quality, but HOW POOR ?
  • Compression schemes
  • Network bandwidth, packet loss, jitter

37
Possible areas of common interest
  • Common receiver/terminal (human-machine
    interface)
  • Portable/personal terminal (possibly integrated
    with a PDA)
  • Common API protocols, interfaces and metadata
  • Common networks and roaming strategies
  • Common billing/security/transactional models
  • Common IP technology for multimedia

38
Conclusion
  • There are opportunities for broadcast and
    telecommunications to work together
  • Synergy of the two platforms can strengthen both
    and enable new services and applications to
    develop
  • UMTS should preferably be used for individual
    communication
  • Broadcast channels are suited for high bitrate
    media distribution to large audiences
  • Several scenarios for practical cooperation are
    possible
  • Joint development and market activities are
    necessary to futher the business opportunities.

39
Conclusion
  • In future broadcasters will probably become
    agnostic about delivery systems - they will use
    any broadcast or non-broadcast channel if it
    offers clear advantages for their audiences
  • Broadcasters will use a variety of receiver
    terminals to reach their audiences
  • Broadcasters will focus on
  • the provision of rich content,
  • increase diversity of programme choice
  • develop attractive data/multimedia applications
  • interactive broadcasting services
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