EcoEfficiency Study

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Eco-Efficiency Study
Comparative analysis of different waste
management Speaker Helmuth Leitner SolVin
Belgium
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Eco-Efficiency Study of WasteManagement
ProcessesGoal of the Study

• Environmental and Economic Comparison of PVC
  Recovery Options (Eco-Efficiency)
• Definition of Eco-Efficiency within this study
  
• Efficient use of natural resources (energy and
  substances)
• Minimal impact caused by emissions and waste
• Balance between economical and ecological aspects

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Eco-Efficiency Study of Waste Management
ProcessesScope of the Study System Boundaries
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Eco-Efficiency Study of Waste Management
ProcessesMethods

• Methods used in the study
• System analysis of material and energy flows
  (basis for environmental assessment)
• Input-dependent modelling of the single processes
  within the plants (ensures a high flexibility in
  simulation of different waste compositions)
• System expansion for the options under study
  (normalization on a comparable benefit)

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Eco-Efficiency Study of Waste Management
ProcessesSystem Analysis

• A simple system could get very complex
• Energy and mass flows are the basis for the
  analysis

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Eco-Efficiency Study of Waste Management
ProcessesSystem Expansion

• Goal of the method
• Making systems comparable (same benefit)
• Normally the main benefit for the systems is
  comparable, the additional benefits (e.g. from
  by-products) have to be adapted
• Example Olive trees are growing in a wine yard
• System A System B

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Eco-Efficiency Study of Waste Management
ProcessesInput-dependent modelling

• Input-dependent modelling of energy- and
  mass-flows
• chemical dependency on the unit process
  levele.g. C-content of the input will be
  transferred to CO2
• allocation of operating expense , products,
  emissions and waste on specific input flows gt
  possibility of analysing partial flows as input
• Verification of results with measured data of the
  plants

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Eco-Efficiency Study of Waste Management
ProcessesComposition of the cable waste
PVC cable waste
Mixed cable waste
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Eco-Efficiency Study of Waste Management
ProcessesBoundary conditions for the economical
assessment
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Eco-Efficiency Study of Waste Management
ProcessesComparison with system expansion
Primary energy
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Eco-Efficiency Study of Waste Management
ProcessesComparison with substitution (Primary
Energy)
Primary energy Net consumption view (demand for
the process minus credits for avoided production)
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Eco-Efficiency Study ofWaste Management
ProcessesEco-Efficiency with Primary Energy as
environmental parameter
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Eco-Efficiency Study ofWaste Management
ProcessesEco-Efficiency with waste reduction
ratio as environm. parameter
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Eco-Efficiency Study of Waste Management
ProcessesEnergy and material recovery from mixed
cable waste
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Eco-Efficiency Study of Waste Management
ProcessesSummary

• Compared with the reference landfill, all
  investigated recovery options have a positive
  effect on resource depletion (materials and
  energy).
• If well-defined cable waste in relatively
  constant quality is the basic input, the Vinyloop
  mechanical recycling process overall performs
  best.
• Feedstock recycling (Watech, Stigsnæs) allows the
  best separation of single substance flows (e.g.
  heavy metals), but the options are cost
  intensive.
• The MVR waste incineration process recovers
  mainly energy products HCl, it can handle input
  related variation of cable waste composition
  quite easily ? very low emissions and transfer
  into the products
• The result are valid for the described cable
  waste, for other waste and sites the result may
  vary, but the models are now available and can
  be adjusted.
• The optimal combination of different options
  seems to be the best