C

1
C

• Lecture Series 1/?

2
C lectures
Aims features of the series

• Give insight into how C works.
• Give insight into .Net.
• Show differences with Java/C where they are
  important.
• Teach C from the basics upwards
• How its running
• Language constructs
• Design Architectural patterns language
  support for these
• Hello Kitty! program
• Object Orientation Customer-Order-OrderLines
  using TDD
• TDD Test Driven Development

3
Todays lecture
Lots to do!

• What is C?
• What is it built on top of and around?
• The CLR (and future DLR) lt-gt JVM
• MSIL lt-gt Bytecode (with meta-data)
• Assemblies lt-gt Packages (augmented)
• ASP.Net/WebForms MS MVC.Net MonoRail
• Hello Kitty!-example
• Console Application
• Class Library / Assembly
• Language constructs
• Customer-Order-OrderLine example in C vs. Java

4
What is C?
null

• Object oriented, robust, imperative programming
  language running on the Common Language Routine
  (CLR)
• Designed for ease-of-use
• Garbage Collection
• Managed Memory
• Unified type system (everything is an object)
• A large general purpose language created for
  .Net, later standardized through ECMA ISO
• Architect Anders Hejlsberg
• Similar to languages like C, Java,
  Delphi/Pascal
• Is compiled into CIL (Common Intermediate
  Language)
• A lot more!

Referencehttp//www.ecma-international.org/public
ations/standards/Ecma-334.htm
http//www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc
/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber36768
5
The .Net Framework
Boo Nemerle IronRuby IronPython PHP/Phalanger
Common Language Infrastructure FCL Languages
Just a specification!
Implementations in the class library.
Image fromhttp//www.codeguru.com/csharp/.net/net
_general/netframeworkclasses/article.php/c8245/
6
What is the CLR (CLI)?
Common Language Routine / Infrastructure

• The Common Language Routine is the Virtual
  Machine which takes CIL/MSIL and executes it.
• Because of complete language both at compile time
  and at runtime, complete code transformations are
  available at runtime.
• JIT Just In Time compilation improves
  performance of CIL
• Compiles blocks of CIL into machine code at time
  of execution
• Complete reflection system
• Can instantiate any object at runtime depending
  on state or input and can emit these into
  assembly memory streams.
• (i.e. that includes reflection over generic
  types)
• Memory management
• Thread Management
• Exception Handling Security
• Garbage Collection

Referenceabc
7
??????!
Support for internationalization

• The CLR handles UTF-8 by default.
• Creating a ??????! program.

using System namespace LectureOne class
??????ConsoleApp public static void
Main(string args) Console.WriteLine("Hall
å katten!") // yes, latin... string s
"??????" if (s1 '?') Console.WriteLin
e("Yep, we can work with Japanese.") else
Console.WriteLine("No, no UTF-8
support.") Console.ReadKey()
Referenceabc
8
Creating Customer
Creating Customer

• Designing how to interact with the object.

TestFixture public class CustomerAndOrderTestFix
ture Address addr Customer cust SetUp
// 1 public void BeforeTest() addr new
Address("Potatisåkern", "211 66",
"Malmö") Test // 2 public void
CanCreateCustomer() cust new
Customer("Karl", "Lindström", addr) Assert.Are
Equal(null, cust.Address.CO) Assert.AreEqual("P
otatisåkern", cust.Address.StreetName) Assert.
AreEqual("Karl", cust.FirstName) Assert.AreEqua
l(Guid.Empty, cust.ID) Assert.AreEqual("Lindstr
öm", cust.LastName)
9
Creating Customer-Order-OrderLines
Creating Customer

• Designing how to add order lines to the
  customers Order.

Test("Tests the total property of Order") //
attribute public void TotalCost_NoItems() Or
der order new Order(cust, "SEK") order.Create
OrderLine("Grunka", 1, 0) // cheap
grunka. Assert.AreEqual(0, order.Total) orde
r.CreateOrderLine("Ferrarri", 2, 1000000) // a
million each Assert.AreEqual(2000000,
order.Total) Assert.AreEqual(2,
order.OrderLines.Count)
10
The code
See dev. Env.

• Have a look at the code now.

Referenceabc
11
Next lecture
See dev. Env.

• More about Customer-Order-OrderLine
• Enums
• Foreach
• Structs
• Etc.
• See you then!

Referenceabc