CCRI BIOLOGY

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CCRI BIOLOGY

• Bloodborne (BB) Pathogen Training

Resouce OSU Environmental Health and Safety
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What is a BB Pathogen?

• A bloodborne pathogen is disease causing
  microorganism that is carried in the blood (or
  other bodily fluids).

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Some Diseases Caused by BB Pathogens

• Malaria
• Brucellosis
• Syphilis
• Hepatitis B(HBV)
• Hepatitis C(HCV)
• Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

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OSHA BB Pathogen Standard

• The OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard was
  enacted to reduce the occupational transmission
  of bloodborne and other potential infectious
  materials (OPIM), in particular-
• Hepatitis B(HBV)
• Hepatitis C(HCV)
• Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

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In addition to blood, potentially infectious
bodily fluids include

• Human blood components, and products made from
  human blood
• Semen
• Amniotic fluid
• Pleural fluid
• Synovial fluid
• Vaginal secretions
• Cerebrospinal fluid
• Saliva in dental procedures
• Body Fluids that cannot be readily identified
• Note--saliva, urine, feces, vomit are not
  included in the standard unless they are visibly
  contaminated with blood.

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Training

• All employees who could be reasonably
  expected, as a result of their job duties, to
  come into contact with blood or other infectious
  materials are required to complete BB PATHOGEN
  training every year.

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This training will include

• an explanation of the standard
• information on the epidemiology, symptoms, and
  modes of transmission of bloodborne pathogens
• explanations of
• the exposure control plan
• personal protective equipment
• the hepatitis B vaccine
• emergency procedures.

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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

• HIV is the virus that causes AIDS
• HIV depletes the immune system
• HIV does not survive well outside the body
• No threat on contracting HIV through casual
  contact

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Hepatitis B (HBV)

• 11.25 million Americans are chronically infected
• Symptoms include jaundice, fatigue, abdominal
  pain, loss of appetite, intermittent nausea,
  vomiting
• May lead to chronic liver disease, liver cancer,
  and death
• HBV can survive for at least one week in dried
  blood
• Symptoms can occur 1-9 months after exposure
• Vaccination available since 1982

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Hepatitis C (HCV)

• Hepatitis C is the most common chronic bloodborne
  infection in the United States
• Symptoms include jaundice, fatigue, abdominal
  pain, loss of appetite, intermittent nausea,
  vomiting
• May lead to chronic liver disease and death

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These agents are transmitted by

• Contact with another persons blood or a bodily
  fluid that may contain blood.

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They enter the body via

• Mucous membranes eyes, mouth, nose
• Non-intact skin
• Contaminated sharps/needles

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"Universal precautions" are precautions designed
to prevent transmission of human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and other
bloodborne pathogens.

• Under universal precautions, all blood and body
  fluids are considered potentially infectious for
  HIV, HBV and other bloodborne pathogens.

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Universal Precautions

• Wear gloves when there is the potential for hand
  or skin contact with blood, other potentially
  infectious material, or items and surfaces
  contaminated with these materials.
• Wear face protection during procedures that are
  likely to generate droplets of blood or body
  fluid to prevent exposure to mucous membranes of
  the mouth, nose, and eyes.
• Wear protective body clothing (disposable
  laboratory coats, Tyvek) when there is a
  potential for splashing of blood or body fluids.
• Source National Institute of Environmental
  Health Sciences, Universal Precautions, 22
  December 1998, (5 October 2000).

• Wash hands or other skin surfaces thoroughly and
  immediately if contaminated with blood, body
  fluids containing visible blood, or other body
  fluids to which universal precautions apply.
• Wash hands immediately after gloves are removed.
• Avoid injuries that can be caused by handling
  sharp instruments, and disposing of used needles,
  pipettes, etc.
• Used needles, disposable syringes, scalpel
  blades, pipettes, and other sharp items are to be
  placed in puncture-resistant containers marked
  with a biohazard symbol for disposal.

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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

• When using PPE (gloves, face shields, lab coats)
• Always check PPE for defects or tears before
  using
• If PPE becomes torn or defective remove and get
  new
• Remove PPE before leaving a contaminated area
• Do not reuse disposable equipment

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Decontamination

• Always wear PPE when attempting to decontaminate
  an area where blood or bodily fluids have been
  spilled!

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Decontamination

• Do an initial wipe up
• Treat with 10 bleach solution allow to stand for
  ten minutes then wipe up
• Dispose of all wipes in biohazard containers
• PPE should be removed and disposed of in
  biohazard containers

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Hand Washing

• Wash hands immediately after removing PPE
• Use a soft antibacterial soap
• A hand sanitizer can be used but wash with soap
  and water as soon as possible.

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Biohazard labeling

• Biohazard waste receptacles must be labeled with
  the universal biohazard symbol, and the term
  Biohazard
• Similar labeling is required on
• refrigerators or freezers containing blood or
  OPIM
• containers used to store, transport, or ship
  blood or OPIM

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Biohazardous (Regulated) waste includes

• Liquid or semi-liquid blood or other potentially
  infectious material (OPIM)
• Contaminated items that would release blood or
  OPIM when compressed
• Contaminated sharps
• Pathological and microbiological waste
  containing blood or OPIM

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Exposure

• In the case of mucous membrane exposure,
  needlestick, or cut injury involving infectious
  material, immediately cleanse wounds and exposure
  sites with soap and water.
• If blood is splashed in the eye or mucous
  membrane, flush the affected area with running
  water for at least 15 minutes.
• File an Incident Report with College Security
  and send a copy to the Chemical Safety
  Coordinator.

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Post-Exposure Evaluation

• Exposed employees should seek testing, and, if
  necessary, treatment and follow-up counseling.
• Provided by the employees own physician, at an
  emergency room or available through Workers
  Compensation to College employees by Occupational
  Health and Rehabilitation, Inc. of Warwick and
  Pawtucket, Rhode Island. (Information on OHR
  services is available from College Personnel)
• Exposure and testing records are confidential
  and kept by OHR.

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Hepatitis B Vaccination

• Strongly endorsed by medical communities
• The hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for
  all health care workers and others whose jobs
  involve exposure to blood and other potentially
  infectious materials.
• Hepatitis B vaccine is offered free of charge to
  College employees in that category.
• Employees who decline to accept the Hepatitis B
  Vaccination offered by CCRI will be required to
  sign the Hepatitis B Vaccination Refusal Form.
  Documentation of the vaccination and a record of
  the training will be kept on file by the
  College's Chemical Safety Coordinator.

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Recordkeeping

• Medical records include
• Hepatitis B vaccination status
• Post-exposure evaluation and follow-up results
• Training records include
• Training dates
• Contents of the training
• Signature of trainer and trainee
• Bloodborne pathogen quiz results

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In Conclusion

• BB pathogen rules are in place for your health
  and safety

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????Questions????

• CCRI Chemical Safety Coordinators

• Rick FooteOutsourcing Program DirectorTriumvirat
  e Environmentalccrifoote_at_ccri.edu Tel
  617-686-6184 or401-333-7129 Chris Swartzel
  Field Chemist Triumvirate Environmentalccriswar
  tzel_at_ccri.edu Tel [phone] or401-333-7129