React to Nuclear Hazard/Attack

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React to Nuclear Hazard/Attack

• 031-503-1018(SL1)

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Conditions

• You are in a tactical situation or an area where
  nuclear weapons have been or may have been used
  and are given load-bearing equipment (LBE), a
  piece of cloth or similar item, a brush or a
  broom, shielding material, Field Manual
  (FM) 3-3-1, and one of the following situations
  to respond to

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SITUATIONS

• You see a brilliant flash of light.
• You find a standard radiological contamination
  marker or an enemy marker.
• You are told that fallout is in the area.
• You receive instructions to respond to a nuclear
  attack.
• You come across a suspected depleted uranium (DU)
  hazard.

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Standards

• React to a nuclear hazard or attack without
  becoming a casualty of a nuclear attack with or
  without warning. Identify radiological
  contamination markers with 100 percent accuracy,
  and notify the supervisor. Start the steps to
  decontaminate yourself within 1 minute of finding
  radiological contamination. Decontaminate your
  individual equipment after you completely
  decontaminate yourself.

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PERFORMANCE STEPS

• 1. React to a nuclear attack without warning.
• a. Close your eyes immediately.
• b. Drop to the ground in a prone, head-on
  position.
• Note. If you are in the hatch of an armored
  vehicle, immediately drop down inside the
  vehicle.

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Performance Steps Cont.

• c. Keep your head and face down and your helmet
  on.
• d. Stay down until the blast wave passes and
  debris stops falling.
• e. Cover your mouth with a cloth or similar item
  to protect against inhalation of dust particles.
• f. Check for casualties and damaged equipment.

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Performance Steps Cont.

• 2. React to a nuclear attack with warning.
• a. Select and use the best available shelter (FM
  3-3-1).
• (1) Move into a fighting position, bunker, or
  ditch.
• (2) Take protective actions if you are inside a
  shelter.
• (3) Remain in place if you are in an armored
  vehicle.

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Performance Steps Cont.

• b. Protect your eyes.
• c. Minimize exposed skin areas.
• d. Cover your mouth with a cloth or similar item
  to protect against inhalation of dust particles.

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• Range to ground zero can be estimated by counting
  seconds from the very beginning of the flash to
  the arrival of the blast wave or sound of the
  explosion. Remember, the flash can temporally
  blind you, cover your eyes with your arm, you
  will still be able to see the flash through your
  skin! The possibility of terrorists using this
  type of attack makes knowing where it happened
  even more important.

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Estimated Range from Flash-to-Bang Time
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React to a radiological contamination marker.

• a. Avoid the area if possible.
• Cross the area quickly by the shortest route that
  exposes you to the least amount of radiation
  based on mission, enemy, terrain, troops, time
  available, and civilian considerations (METT-TC).
• Request crossing instructions if you must cross.
• Make the maximum use of shielding.
• Cover your mouth with a cloth or similar item to
  protect against inhalation of dust particles.
• c. Report the discovery of a marker to your
  supervisor.

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Remove radiological contamination (including DU)
from clothing, equipment, and exposed skin.

• Shake or brush contaminated dust (all dust is
  considered to be radioactive) from your clothing,
  equipment, and exposed skin with a brush, a
  broom, or your hands (if a brush or a broom is
  not available).
• Wash your body as soon as possible, giving
  special attention to hairy areas and underneath
  your fingernails.
• Conduct mission-oriented protective posture
  (MOPP) gear exchange if you are contaminated with
  wet radioactive contamination.

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Radiation Effects

• Total Exposure Visible Effect
• 0-50R No visible effects
• 50-200R Brief periods of nausea on day of
  exposure. 50 may experience radiation
  sickness (nausea and vomiting), 5 may
  require medical attention, no deaths are
  expected.
• 200-450R Most members of the group will
  require medical attention because of serious
  radiation sickness. 50 deaths within two
  to four weeks.
• 450-600R Serious radiation sickness in all
  members of the group, medical attention
  required. Death to more than 50 within
  one to three weeks.Over
• 600R Severe radiation sickness. 100 deaths
  in two weeks

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References  

• FM 3-3-1FM 3-5
• http//www.surviveanuclearattack.com/radiationeffe
  cts.html