Carbon compounds

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Carbon compounds

• Carbohydrate sugars, end in -ose
• Compounds made of C, H, O, 121 ratio
• C carbon, H hydrogen, O oxygen
• Used as main source of Energy storage
• Used for structural purposes in cells
• Plants and animals store extra sugars in the form
  of starches
• Starches chains of sugars
• Examples fructose, glucose, fructose, malactose.

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Glucose
Glucose
Glucose
Glucose
Glucose
3
Carbon Compounds

• Lipids
• Compounds made of C (carbon) and H (hydrogen)
• Fats, oils, waxes
• Major component of membranes
• Where are fats stored?
• Fat cells in vacuoles
• Surround organs

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Chemical reactions

• One set of chemicals turns into another set of
  chemicals by breaking the bonds of the reactants
  and forming new bonds of products
• Reactants- chemical compounds that react with one
  another, causes a reaction
• Products- compound produced by a reaction
• What is a compound? An example?
• A chemical combination of two or more elements.
  CO2

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Fermentation chemical reaction
Pyruvic acid 2H
Ethanol
Carbon dioxide
Lactic acid
6
Cellular respiration

• Where do organisms get food?
• Autotroph- produce own food
• vs.
• Heterotroph- get food from another source.

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Cellular Respiration

• What is respiration?
• Breathing in oxygen- O2and out carbon dioxide-CO2
• What do you think cellular respiration means?
• Cells take in oxygen O2 and release carbon
  dioxide-CO2.

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Cellular Respiration

• The process in which food is broken down in the
  presence of oxygen to release energy to be used
  by organism for growth and development.
• C6H12O6 6O2 6H2O 6CO2 ATP

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Important energy sources of cellular respiration

• Glucose- sugar (carbohydrate) that is very
  efficient at storing large amounts of energy over
  a long period of time.
• ATP- chemical compound used to store energy for a
  short time that can be used by the body/cells.
  BASIC energy source used by cells.
• ie. Active transport- 1 ATP needed.

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• ATP (adenosine triphosphate), a compound used by
  cells for energy storage. This chemical is made
  of the nucleotide adenosine bonded to a ribose
  sugar, and that is bonded to three phosphate
  groups.