GOAL FIVE 5.01

1
GOAL FIVE5.01

• Becoming an Industrial Society
• (1877-1900)
• The learner will describe innovations in
  technology and business practices and assess
  their impact on economic, political, and social
  life in America.
• Evaluate the influence of immigration and rapid
  industrialization on urban life.

2
Elevator

• a cage or platform and the hoisting machinery in
  a hotel, warehouse, mine, etc., for conveying
  persons, goods, etc., to or from different floors
  or levels. This helped the industries to
  transport goods and services.

3
Electric trolleys

• a device that collects electric current from an
  underground conductor, an overhead wire, or a
  third rail and transmits it to the motor of an
  electric vehicle.

4
Jacob Riis- (1849-1914)

• Danish-born photographer, author, and social
  reformer. A muckraker, Riis published How the
  Other Half Lives (1890), which exposed the
  poverty and squalor of living conditions in New
  York City slums and led to corrective
  legislation. As a reporter for the New York
  Tribune and the New York Evening Sun, Riis
  documented slum conditions with his camera,
  campaigning for improvements in education, child
  labor laws, housing codes, and playground
  construction.

5
Ellis Island

• located in New York Harbor near the Statue of
  Liberty, served as the site of the chief U.S.
  immigration station from 1892 to 1954. During
  that time, an estimated 17 million immigrants
  were processed before their entry into the
  country.

6
Culture Shock

• A condition of confusion and anxiety affecting a
  person suddenly exposed to an alien culture or
  milieu.

7
Settlement Houses

• The settlement movement was part of a broad
  attempt to preserve human values in an urban and
  industrial age. The settlement idea, as
  formulated by Samuel A. Barnett, was to have
  university men "settle" in a working-class
  neighborhood where they would not only help
  relieve poverty and despair but also learn
  something about the real world from the people of
  the slums.

8
Settlement Houses

• The settlement program often led the residents
  outside their neighborhoods. They became housing
  reformers, campaigned for anti-child labor laws,
  and established parks and playgrounds. They also
  wrote reports, prepared statistical studies, and
  described their personal experiences in memoirs.

9
Jane Addams- (1860-1935)

• social worker, reformer, and peace activist.
  Addams helped found Hull House (1889) in Chicago,
  where immigrants and the homeless found shelter,
  education, and medical assistance. Her opposition
  to World War I made her an unpopular figure for a
  time, but ultimately her quest for world peace
  won her both respect and the Nobel Peace Prize in
  1931. Addams was also a strong advocate of
  women's rights and a prominent figure in the
  Progressive era.

10
Chinese Exclusion Act- (1882)

• law prohibiting Chinese immigrant laborers from
  entering the United States for ten years after
  its enactment, and denying citizenship to Chinese
  nationals. The act was renewed for ten-year
  periods until World War II, when China became an
  ally with the United States against Japan.
  Chinese immigrants are now admitted under the
  quota system and are eligible for U.S.
  citizenship by naturalization.

11
Telephone

• An instrument that converts voice and other sound
  signals into a form that can be transmitted to
  remote locations and that receives and reconverts
  waves into sound signals.

12
Alexander Graham Bell(1847-1922)

• scientist, inventor of the telephone, and
  educator. After years of experimenting with the
  transmission of sound through wire, Bell patented
  the first practical telephone in 1876 following
  the transmission of his famous message, "Mr.
  Watson, come here I want you." The Bell
  Telephone Company was organized in 1877. Although
  litigation was instituted against Bell by others
  claiming to have invented the telephone earlier,
  the Supreme Court upheld his claim. Bell
  contributed significantly to the education of the
  deaf, establishing a school and founding the
  Alexander Graham Bell Association for the Deaf.

13
Thomas Edison- (1847-1931)

• inventor. Edison, known as the "Wizard of Menlo
  Park," changed the world by inventing the
  incandescent electric lamp, the phonograph, and
  the motion picture projector. He also developed
  the world's first electric power station. In his
  lifetime Edison, who said that genius is "1
  percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration,"
  obtained patents for more than a thousand
  inventions.

14
Typewriter

• a writing machine that produces characters
  similar to typeset print by means of a manually
  operated keyboard that actuates a set of raised
  types, which strike the paper through an inked
  ribbon.

15
Sweatshops

• a shop or factory in which employees work long
  hours at low wages under poor conditions.

16
Amusement Parks

• A commercially operated enterprise that offers
  rides, games, and other forms of entertainment.

17
Spectator Sports

• Spectator sports as we know them in America date
  from roughly the late nineteenth century. Before
  that time, Americans held contests of skill and
  prowess witnessed by interested observers. But
  professional athletes, rules, leagues, teams,
  regular schedules, paid admissions, sports
  entrepreneurs, and governing bodies such as the
  National Collegiate Athletic Association and the
  baseball leagues are little more than a hundred
  years old.

18
Spectator Sports

• When the National League was formed in 1876, many
  of the trappings of the modern game were in
  place, including private ownership of clubs,
  their affiliation with particular cities, the
  establishment of standardized rules and
  schedules, the keeping of statistics, and
  extensive coverage in the newspapers (separate
  sports pages did not appear until late in the
  century).

19
Spectator Sports

• Above all, the National League was an
  organization of clubs it operated as a cartel to
  limit players' ability to sell their services to
  other teams. In their quest for profits, and to
  expand baseball's appeal to the respectable
  middle class, owners forbade playing on the
  Sabbath, as well as drinking, swearing, and
  gambling at ballparks. In important respects,
  then, the National League was the prototype for
  contemporary sports organizations.

20
Frederick Olmstead

• Landscape architect who designed New York Citys
  Central Park

21
Urbanization

• Urbanization is by definition a process whereby
  the number of urban dwellers increases in
  relation to rural dwellers. Much
  nineteenth-century American development was
  fueled by urban rivalry. Boosters sought to make
  their cities regional centers by promoting
  transportation improvements and often encouraging
  investments in cultural institutions a museum, a
  theater or opera house, a college, a scientific
  society, a large park.

22
Nativism

• Although the United States has always portrayed
  itself as a sanctuary for the world's victims of
  oppression and poverty, anti-immigrant
  sentimentknown as nativismhas pervaded most of
  the nation's history. By the late nineteenth
  century, antiradicalism had replaced
  anti-Catholicism as the cornerstone of nativism.
  Many believed that immigrants brought European
  radicalism with them to America, and they
  especially blamed the newcomers for fomenting the
  labor unrest that characterized much of the
  period.

23
Nativism

• The role immigrants played in the communist,
  socialist, and anarchist movements also helped
  convince many Americans that unless the country
  restricted immigration, radicals from abroad
  might soon dominate the United States. The first
  laws enacted to restrict immigration affected
  only Asians. Congress prohibited immigration from
  China for ten years starting in 1882 and banned
  it permanently in 1902.

24
Melting Pot

• an environment in which many ideas and races are
  socially assimilated