Teaching through Play

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Teaching through Play

• (Training of Mothers)

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• Why Playing Is Important ?
• Play takes on a very different meaning. Play to
  a child IS learning! They learn to play and play
  to learn. Play is terribly important to a child.
  It is not a distraction. It's not something they
  do to take up time. It's the child's life.
• Young children do not learn in the same manner
  as older children do. Young children learn by
  actual contact with real objects, events, and
  people. (That's why field trips, outdoor play,
  and other exciting activities are so important.)
• A child learns by involving himself, all of
  himself, in exploring, discovering, repeating,
  and by continually adapting what he sees into his
  daily life. He learns to talk by learning the
  name of the object he holds in his hand, and
  describing the activity he is engaged in.
• She/he is learning words, their uses and meaning
  in the situation at hand. Because the young child
  can repeat words so easily, it is easy to be
  fooled into thinking that she understands what
  she is talking about.

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Types Of Play Children's play behavior can be
grouped into a few categories or types and is
related to the materials and tools of play. These
categories often overlap and are highly
interrelated. The types of play are QUIET
PLAYQuiet play is likely to be encouraged by
picture books, bead-stringing, pegboards,
puzzles, doll play, coloring with crayons,
etc. CREATIVE PLAYCreativity has a broad
meaning and play of this nature includes many
things, such as painting, drawing, problem
solving, music, dancing, getting along with
others, play dough, sand, collage, the use of
imagination, etc. ACTIVE PLAYActive play can be
stimulated by the use of balls, slides, swings,
push-pull toys, sand and water play, games,
crates and blocks, riding tikes and bikes,
running around, climbing trees, and the use of
indoor materials like rhythm band, bean bag toss,
"dress-up" clothes, cars and trucks, etc.
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• COOPERATIVE PLAYPlay that requires more than
  one person, such as ball games, tag, see-saws,
  playing dolls or house, block building, some
  swings, hide and seek, etc.
• DRAMATIC PLAYDramatic and creative play may
  also be called social play. In this type of play,
  children try out different kinds of life roles,
  occupations, and activities, such as firefighter,
  actor, actress, mother, dad, astronaut, dancer,
  singer, farmer, doctor, nurse, soldier, etc. This
  play may be done quietly or actively, alone or
  with others, such as playing with dolls or action
  figures.
• MANIPULATIVE PLAYPlay that involves the use of
  hands, muscles, and eyes. It helps to develop
  coordination and a wide variety of skills.
  Playing with puzzles, crayons, painting, cutting
  with scissors, stringing beads, the use of tools,
  block building, dolls, and trucks are examples.

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Characteristics Of Suitable Toys Ask yourself
these questionsARE THEY SAFE? There is no
absolute safety against accident or injury, but
reasonable precaution should be used. Toys should
be selected with great care. Any toy can be
unsafe if given to the wrong child, to a child at
the wrong age, or when it is misused. A child's
safety depends upon the types of toys selected,
the way they are maintained and the amount of
safe handling taught and practiced in the
home.ARE THEY DURABLE? Toys are going to be
used, mauled, hugged, dropped, thrown, stood on,
chewed on, washed, dried, etc., so they need to
stand up under normal wear and tear.
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ARE THEY APPROPRIATE TO THE AGE OF THE CHILD? A
toy should be selected according to the unique
and individual needs, abilities, physical, and
emotional characteristics of the child. But, the
child should be able to use the toy today! One
doesn't buy a two wheel bicycle for a toddler or
a crib mobile for a school age child. Many toys
should allow for growth, such as blocks, which
can be used in many different ways over a long
period of time. DO THEY WORK? Do they do what
they are supposed to do? Nothing causes loss of
interest as readily as a toy that fails to
perform. It often results in frustration, anger,
and discouragement .DO THEY CAPTURE THE CHILD'S
INTEREST? One doesn't have to coax, force or
trick a child into playing with a good toy. The
play is spontaneous. It should reflect the
child's, not the adult's, interests. Toys which
can be used for a variety of purposes keep the
child's interest longer than those with only one
use.
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ARE THEY FUN? That is, are they fun from the
child's point of view? Are they for enjoyment
now? Can they be used at various ages?DO THEY
STIMULATE CREATIVE ACTIVITY? Can the toys offer
problem-solving opportunities? Do they leave room
for imagination? Imagination isn't only concerned
with unreal things, but also with reality, and it
involves planning, ideas, and creating. Do they
teach new skills?DO THEY INVOLVE INTERACTION
WITH OTHERS? Must the child play alone with the
toys or can others such as peers, siblings or
adults be involved too?CAN THEY BE KEPT CLEAN
EASILY? Rag dolls, animals and the like should
be the kind which can be washed or scrubbed, or
at least have removable clothes which should be
laundered often.ARE THEY ARTISTIC IN COLOR,
FORM, AND EXPRESSION? Avoid ugly or grotesque
figures and toys that make harsh, jangling
noises.
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Characteristics Of Unsuitable Toys Ask yourself
these questionsARE THEY UNSAFE? Unsafe toys
have one or more of these characteristics sharp
corners, edges, and protrusions shoot objects
are flammable have easily lost or broken parts
toxic paint are poorly constructed might give
an electrical shock use glass instead of plastic
in toy car, truck, or airplane windows, etc.
have detachable parts, like button eyes, that can
be put into mouth, ears, nose have fluffy
trimmings that can be pulled or torn off and put
into the mouth are stuffed with toxic or
non-hygienic material. DO THEY OFFER LITTLE OR
NO CHANCE OF INTERACTION? Wind-up or automated
toys are a good example. They are poor toys
because the child cannot direct the action.
Wind-up or automated toys have a life of their
own. They go through the same tricks or movements
over and over again. Plus, they are often
complicated, delicate, easily broken,
unrepairable, dangerous, expensive and tend to
foster spectator behavior rather than
participation and activity.
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ARE THEY TOO MATURE FOR A CERTAIN CHILD?DO THEY
APPEAR TO CONTRIBUTE TO MISBEHAVIOR, STIMULATE
TOO MUCH EXCITEMENT, AGGRESSION, OR DANGEROUS
PLAY?DO THEY FOSTER VALUES YOU AND THE
CHILDREN'S PARENTS DO NOT UPHOLD?DO THEY CAUSE
ANGER AND/OR FRUSTRATION?DO THEY COST TOO MUCH?
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• Types Of Toys For A Childs Development
• Toys can be divided into several groups,
  depending on the part of the child it helps to
  develop
• Toys for physical or muscle development such as
  wagons, bikes, boxes, puzzles, blocks, brooms,
  and shovels.
• Toys for sensory (touch, sight, sound, taste,
  smell) development such as water toys, musical
  instruments, bubbles, play dough, and sand toys.
• Toys for make-believe and social development
  such as dolls, dress-up clothes, cars, trucks,
  games, and books.
• Toys for creative and intellectual development
  such as clay, crayons, paints, books, paper, and
  scissors.
• Toys to be used for building such as blocks,
  boards, boxes
• Children need a balance of toys from each of
  these groups to ensure their whole development.

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Ages Stages
for
2 3 years
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List down what is in your opinion is the
appropriate toys/games for your toddler

• _______________________________________
• _______________________________________
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• _______________________________________
• _______________________________________

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Appropriate Toddler Toys
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Toys for Toddlers Age
Fun time tractor
Touch and feel
Tools kit
Pretend house farm
Happy shapes
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Wood alphabet puzzle w/ knobs
Lacing shoe puzzle
Roll around tower
Super-saxo flute
Sort and stack
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Gum ball machine
Tubation
Wood number puzzle w/ Knobs
Dance beat drum
Pals on the go
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List down the general specifications for
toys/games for your toddlers

• _______________________________________
• _______________________________________
• _______________________________________
• _______________________________________
• _______________________________________
• _______________________________________
• _______________________________________
• _______________________________________
• _______________________________________
• _______________________________________

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List down the kind of games you think you can
play with your toddlers

• _______________________________________
• _______________________________________
• _______________________________________
• _______________________________________
• _______________________________________
• _______________________________________
• _______________________________________
• _______________________________________
• _______________________________________
• _______________________________________

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Play and Game to introduce to Toddlers

• Pretend-play (create a traffic jam with toy
  cars)
• Play tag, bounce, catch, and empty-fill games
• Hide things and let children hide things from
  you
• Build something from blocks
• Misname things and play "guess what it is"
• Tell stories and let children supply missing
  words
• Reverse roles (you be the powerless one)
• Follow-the-leader
• Guessing games
• Act out stories
• Let children imitate your activities (such as
  washing up and cleaning house)
• Sing to the children
• Help children classify objects
• Go on field trips in the backyard
• Take children to library.

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Post-test Questions for Field Trial

• Were you familiar with this material?
• ? Yes
• ? No
• If No, how much was new to you
• ? All
• ? Most
• ? Some
• 2. Were you familiar with the types of toys
• ? Yes
• ? No
• If No, how much was new to you
• ? All
• ? Most
• ? Some

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3. Were you familiar with the types of games? ?
Yes ? No If No, how much was new to you ?
All ? Most ? Some 4. What new information did
you learn? _______________________________________
_______ __________________________________________
____ _____________________________________________
_ 5. What did you already know from the
information given to you? ________________________
______________________ ___________________________
___________________ ______________________________
________________
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Result Tabulation 1
Result Tabulation 2
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Instructions for teaching the concept of
participation

• Provide plenty of place to play with the child
• Encourage the child to play, DONOT rush or
  insist
• Let the child choose a toy to play with
• Choose another toy like bricks used in building
  houses or a bag dull of stuffed animals
• Move to the child's level when playing. You
  should be able to look eye-to-eye, which may mean
  sitting on the floor or lifting them.
• Talk to the child about his/her toy (be creative,
  enthusiastic and kind)
• Observe him/her while they are playing
• Pretend to play with your own toy

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• 9. Suggest to the child to come and play with you
• 10. Show the child the act of participation with
  the toy
• By using building blocks ask the child to help
  you to build the house
• By using a stuffed animals ask the child to help
  you line up the animals in a place
• 11. If the childs shows frustration from the
  task encourage him/her by switching and helping
  them in their playing and then switching back to
  your game
• 12. Do it once or twice until the child
  understands what is meant by participation
• Remember
• Affection from you security for the child
• Respect from you self-respect for the child
• Approval from you strong self-concept for the
  child

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Questionnaire after Playing
1. Where the playing instructions given easy to
understand? Yes ? No ? If No why?
_________________________________________________
_ ________________________________________________
__ _______________________________________________
___ 2. Where the playing instructions applicable
to the task learnt? Yes ? No ? If No why?
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
3. Were you able to teach the child using the
toys provided? Yes ? No ? If No why?
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________

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4. Did the child enjoy the playing? Yes ? No
? If No why? ___________________________________
______________ ___________________________________
______________ ___________________________________
______________ 5. Was the task enjoyable for
you? Yes ? No ? If No why? __________________
________________________________ _________________
_________________________________ ________________
__________________________________ 6. What
skills did you gain from this playing? ___________
_______________________________________ __________
________________________________________ _________
_________________________________________
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7. Did the child learn the concept of
participation? ___________________________________
_______________ __________________________________
________________ _________________________________
_________________ 8.What obstacles did you
face? ____________________________________________
______ ___________________________________________
_______ __________________________________________
________ 9. What obstacles did the child
face? ____________________________________________
______ ___________________________________________
_______ __________________________________________
________ 10.What other playing instruction you
think will be useful for mothers when playing
with their children? _____________________________
_____________________ ____________________________
______________________ ___________________________
_______________________
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11. Any additional comments which you would like
to make? ________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
__________ _______________________________________
___________ ______________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
_____________ ____________________________________
______________ ___________________________________
_______________ __________________________________
________________ _________________________________
_________________ ________________________________
__________________ _______________________________
___________________ ______________________________
____________________ _____________________________
_____________________ ____________________________
______________________ ___________________________
_______________________ __________________________
________________________
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Instructions for teaching the concept of
independency

• Provide plenty of place to play with the child
• Encourage the child to play, DONOT rush or insist
• Let the child choose between puzzle with knobs,
  blocks or play dough
• Move to the child's level when playing. You
  should be able to look eye-to-eye, which may mean
  sitting on the floor or lifting them.
• Talk to the child about the toy (be creative,
  enthusiastic and kind)
• Observe him/her while they are playing
• Play with them but do not from the beginning lead
  them, be a FOLLOWER instead
• Ensure the child is enjoying your company
• Suggest to the child a new way of playing the
  same game

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• 10. Show the child the act of independency with
  the toy
• By using a play dough make a simple shape and let
  the child do one
• By using a block, put them in a shape like a
  square or above each other and let them do
  similar one
• By using a puzzle with knob, show the child how
  to do it and let them do it by themselves.
• 11. If the childs shows frustration from the
  task encourage him/her by taking the childs hand
  and doing it together
• 12. Do it once or twice and then give him/her a
  chance to try it for themselves.
• Remember
• Affection from you security for the child
• Respect from you self-respect for the child
• Approval from you strong self-concept for the
  child

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Questionnaire after Playing
1. Where the playing instructions given easy to
understand? Yes ? No ? If No why?
_________________________________________________
_ ________________________________________________
__ _______________________________________________
___ 2. Where the playing instructions applicable
to the task learnt? Yes ? No ? If No why?
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
3. Were you able to teach the child using the
toys provided? Yes ? No ? If No why?
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________

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4. Did the child enjoy the playing? Yes ? No
? If No why? ___________________________________
______________ ___________________________________
______________ ___________________________________
______________ 5. Was the task enjoyable for
you? Yes ? No ? If No why? __________________
________________________________ _________________
_________________________________ ________________
__________________________________ 6. What
skills did you gain from this playing? ___________
_______________________________________ __________
________________________________________ _________
_________________________________________
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7. Did the child learn the concept of
independency? ____________________________________
______________ ___________________________________
_______________ __________________________________
________________ 8.What obstacles did you
face? ____________________________________________
______ ___________________________________________
_______ __________________________________________
________ 9. What obstacles did the child
face? ____________________________________________
______ ___________________________________________
_______ __________________________________________
________ 10.What other playing instruction you
think will be useful for mothers when playing
with their children? _____________________________
_____________________ ____________________________
______________________ ___________________________
_______________________
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11. Any additional comments which you would like
to make? ________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
__________ _______________________________________
___________ ______________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
_____________ ____________________________________
______________ ___________________________________
_______________ __________________________________
________________ _________________________________
_________________ ________________________________
__________________ _______________________________
___________________ ______________________________
____________________ _____________________________
_____________________ ____________________________
______________________ ___________________________
_______________________ __________________________
________________________
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Evaluation Form
Please rate the training 1- Excellent 2- Very
Good 3- Good 4-Fair 5-Poor
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Cont-Evaluation Form
Please rate the training 1- Excellent 2- Very
Good 3- Good 4-Fair 5-Poor
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Any additional comments you would like to
make ___________________________________________
_______ __________________________________________
________ _________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
__________ _______________________________________
___________ ______________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
_____________ ____________________________________
______________ ___________________________________
_______________ __________________________________
________________ _________________________________
_________________ ________________________________
__________________ _______________________________
___________________ ______________________________
____________________ _____________________________
_____________________ ____________________________
______________________ ___________________________
_______________________ __________________________
________________________
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Content Sources

• http//www.nncc.org/Curriculum/better.play.html
• http//www.brighttots.com/12-36page5.html
• http//ohioline.osu.edu/asc-fact/ASC6.pdf
• http//ohioline.osu.edu/asc-fact/ASC7.pdf
• http//www.nncc.org/Series/good.time.play.html
• http//www.nncc.org/Series/good.time.toy.html
• http//www.questia.com/popularSearches/early_chil
  dhood.jsp

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• Why Playing Is Important ?
• Play IS learning
• Children learn by
• contact with objects, events, and people.
• exploring, discovering and repeating things
• learning words, their uses and meaning in the
  situation

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Types Of Play The types of play are Quiet
playPicture books, puzzles, doll play, coloring
with crayons Creative playDrawing, problem
solving, play dough, etc Active playBalls,
swings, slides, sand and water
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Cooperative playMore than one person e.g. hide
and seek Dramatic playCalled social play. Life
roles e.g. doctor Manipulative playUse of
hands, muscles, and eyes e.g. cutting with
scissors
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Characteristics Of Suitable Toys Are they
durable? Are they appropriate to the age?
Do they work? Are they safe? Do they
capture the child's interest?
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Are they fun? Do they stimulate creative
activity? Do they involve interaction with
others? Can they be kept clean easily? Are
they artistic in color, form, and Expression?
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Characteristics Of Unsuitable Toys Are they
unsafe? Do they offer any chance of
interaction? Are they too mature for a
child? Do they cause anger and/or
frustration? Do they foster values you dont
uphold?
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• Do they appear to
• Contribute to misbehavior?
• Stimulate too much excitement?
• Stimulate aggression?
• Stimulate dangerous play?
• Do they cost too much?

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• Types Of Toys For A Childs Development
• Toys are divided according to
• Physical or muscle development e.g. such as
  wagons
• Sensory development e.g. water toys
• Make-believe and social development e.g.
  dress-up clothes
• Creative and intellectual development e.g. clay