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Network safety management NSM Analysis of black spots

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takes into account their potential savings in accident costs. ... Dutch criterion: 6 or more killed or injured persons in three successive years ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Network safety management NSM Analysis of black spots


1
Network safety management (NSM) Analysis of
black spots
Cyprus December 2008
  • Herman J. Moning MSc.
  • Rijkswaterstaat - Centre for Transport and
    Navigation - The Netherlands

2
Overview Eur Dir PPChecklists
Planning process
European Directive
Schemes/ checklists
Method RSIA
RSafety
Impact Assessm
Guidelines checklists
Global design
RS Audit Global design
Guidelines checklists
Detailed design
RS Audit Detailed design
Checklists
Construction
RS Audit Pre-opening
Checklists
Road in operation
RS Audit After opening
Method of Inspection
RS Inspection
Network Safety Mgt
Maintenance
3
Presentation (NSM) Black spots
Planning process
European Directive
Schemes/ checklists
Method RSIA
RSafety
Impact Assessm
Guidelines checklists
Global design
RS Audit Global design
Guidelines checklists
Detailed design
RS Audit Detailed design
Checklists
Construction
RS Audit Pre-opening
NSM Black spots
Checklists
Road in operation
RS Audit After opening
Method of Inspection
RS Inspection
Network Safety Mgt
Maintenance
4
Content Black spot analysis
  • What prescribes EU-directive (October 2008)?
  • Experience from The Netherlands
  • Process to analyse Black spots
  • What to do tomorrow in Cyprus?

5
NSM-definitions (EU-directive)
  • Identification of high accident concentrations
    sections
  • at least the fatal accidents in previous years
    per unit of road length in relation to traffic
    flow and in case of intersections, the number of
    such accidents per location of intersections
  • Identification of sections in NSM
  • takes into account their potential savings in
    accident costs. For each category of roads, road
    sections shall be analyzed and ranked according
    to safety factors, like accidents concentrations,
    traffic volume and traffic typology
  • Priority list of road sections where an
    improvement of infrastructure is expected to be
    highly efficient

6
Content Black spot analysis
  • What prescribes EU-directive (October 2008)?
  • Experience from The Netherlands
  • Process to analyse Black spots
  • What to do tomorrow in Cyprus?

7
Definitions (Dutch)
  • Black spot an intersection or a short road
    section with a high number of road accidents with
    casualties
  • Dutch criterion 6 or more killed or injured
    persons in three successive years
  • High risk sites an intersection, a road section
    or area with a high number of accidents with or
    without casualties
  • Dutch criterion 12 accidents or more, but less
    than 6 killed or injured persons in three
    successive years
  • High risk figures sections with a high risk
    figure more than the average value

8
Road safety map Province Utrecht
9
Manual analysis of high risk locations
  • Dutch Manual Analysis Traffic Accident
    Concentrations (MATAC, 1979)
  • Subsidizing experiments by the Ministry (1981)
  • stimulating the use of the manual
  • gathering knowledge and experience (143 locations
    were evaluated)
  • results were published by CROW (1993)

10
Results research / evaluations
  • Evaluation (3 years before and after)
  • in average 32 reduction in accidents
  • reduction in accidents with injured 45
  • 50 of locations the reduction in accidents is
    not significant
  • Effects depend of the quality of analysis
  • incorrect interpretation of results
  • deviate from main process or the connecting
    thread
  • Infrastructure measures are most effective
  • reducing speeds
  • less sensitive for violations

11
Recommendations
  • Analysis of high risk sites of great value to
    improve road safety
  • Reconstruction / maintenance works always
    perform an analysis of accidents
  • After a serious accident many opinions
  • risk that measures do not solve the problem(s)
  • risk that investments are higher than necessary
  • Measures should be based on thorough, objective
    analysis of the problem(s) POGSE
  • Prevent is better than cure sustainable safety

12
Example left turning lane
13
Approach of road safety
14
Objectives accident analysis
  • To draw conclusions from similarities in accident
    characteristics in order to improve the design or
    use of that location or section
  • Investigations into main causes of accidents
  • human factors 95
  • road factors 18
  • vehicle factors 6
  • Good, uniform design simplifies the driving task
  • Design of infrastructure influences behaviour
  • Behaviour is not only enforced by law (more or
    less remaining free) but actually enforced by
    infrastructure

15
New, revised manual (1992)
  • To revise the old manual
  • To tackle scattered accidents
  • Manual analysis of high risk sites, sections or
    areas
  • In total 5 parts
  • 1 Selection of high risk sites
  • 2 Reference figures
  • 3 Analysis of high risk locations (MATAC)
  • 4 Analysis of high risk sections or areas (MASA)
  • 5 Analysis of special groups in areas (MAGA)

16
Selection of locations
  • List of all locations
  • threshold 5 accidents in three successive years
  • Clear the list
  • changed road functions
  • recent reconstructions
  • Possible weight factors
  • Killed 5
  • serious injured 3
  • slight injured 1
  • material damage 0,5

17
Essence of analysis
  • Every accident is unique
  • more or less coincidence of circumstances
  • every accident has its own chain of preceding
    events
  • mostly more than one possible cause can be
    indicated
  • Circumstances or failure chances directly
    preceding the collision moment
  • In practice also similarities between accidents
  • Analysis focuses mainly on the failure chances in
    the situation directly preceding the moment of
    collision

18
Accident scheme
19
Data available
  • Registration of accidents is incomplete (NL)
  • killed 94
  • injured, hospital 60
  • injured, first aid 16
  • slightly injured lt 16
  • only material damage ltltlt 16
  • Data every accident is limited. No insight into
    the entire preceding chain of events. Many
    details are not known and not recorded
  • Data is solely based on conclusions of the duty
    police officer after the accident

20
Application accident analysis
  • All (recorded) accidents / collisions
  • Minimum number of accidents
  • with small number great chance incidental factors
    are (partly) determinant
  • ? 10 accidents in 3 - 5 successive years
  • ? 5 accidents in 3 - 5 years with a similar
    characteristic
  • a practical lower limit reliability of results
  • Locations
  • all kinds of intersections
  • road sections

21
Content Black spot analysis
  • What prescribes EU-directive (October 2008)?
  • Experience from The Netherlands
  • Process to analyse Black spots
  • What to do tomorrow in Cyprus?

22
Process
no
yes
yes
no
23
Step 1 collect data (1)
  • Accident data (3-5 years preceding the study)
  • Traffic data
  • existing or foreseen road function
  • traffic volumes (short cut)
  • specific group of road users
  • Drawing of the location (1 500)
  • reconstructions
  • Additionally data
  • speed data
  • experience police
  • complaints residents

24
Step 1 Processing data (2)
  • Systematically sorting of data
  • keep overview
  • keep main process or continuous thread
  • Use work sheets
  • manoeuvre worksheet
  • accident scheme

25
Step 1 Manoeuvre work sheet
26
Step 1 Manoeuvre work sheet (example)
27
Step 1 Accident scheme
28
Step 1 Accident scheme
29
Step 1 Accident scheme (2)
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