Amanda Dermer

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Your Digestive Urinary System

• Amanda Dermer
• Keane Archibald
• Dayana Jimenez
• Courtney Blazer

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The Digestive System!!!

• Chapter 18 Lesson 1
• Eighth Graders
• Age 13-14
• Digestion
• Absorption
• Elimination

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Digestive System

• The purpose
• define the function of each organ
• the pathway food takes through the digestive tract

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• Work Sheet Fill
• in the Blank

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Digestive System

• The organs and parts of the digestive pathway
• Oral cavity
• Pharynx
• Esophagus
• Stomach
• Small Intestine
• Large Intestine

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Digestive System

• Teeth
• Tongue
• Liver
• Pancreas

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Digestion
Digestion

• The process that breaks down food into substances
  that can be absorbed by the body for energy,
  growth, and repair.

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IngestionMouth, Teeth Tongue

• The function of the mouth is to ingest food
  sources
• The teeth are used for mastication
• breaking food down into smaller pieces
• The tongue forms food into a ball to prepare for
  swallowing

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IngestionMouth, Teeth Tongue

• The mouth, teeth, and tongue play a role in
  mechanical digestion.
• Mechanical digestion physically prepares food for
  chemical digestion by enzymes.

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Salivary Glands

• Secretes saliva
• a watery solution containing an enzyme that
  starts the digestion
• Cleanses the mouth
• Dissolves food chemicals
• Moisten food

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Salivary Glands

• The salivary glands begin the process of chemical
  digestion.

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Pharynx

• After leaving the mouth, food is passed on to the
  pharynx.
• As you swallow
• Uvula prevents food from passing into the nasal
  cavity.
• Epiglottis prevent food from entering the
  respiratory tract.

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Esophagus

• Primary Function
• Carry foods and liquids to stomach
• Peristalsis moves food though the digestive tract

• Food passes through the pharynx into the
  esophagus
• Extends from the pharynx to the stomach

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Name Place Activity
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Stomach

• Located below the esophagus
• A hollow, saclike organ
• Consists of three layers of muscles
• Flexible, allowing it to expand when you eat.

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Stomach

• A temporary storage tank where the chemical
  breakdown of proteins begin.
• The food is mixed together with gastric juices,
  secretions from the stomachs lining
• containing pepsin and hydrochloric acid.

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Stomach

• As the stomach fills
• stomach contract
• churn the food and gastric juices together
• This produces chyme
• a creamy, fluid mixture of food and gastric
  juices .

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Absorption

• The passage of digested food from the digestive
  tract into the circulatory system.
• The small intestine is the major absorption site.

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Small Intestine

• The major part of digestion and absorption
• 20 to 23 feet in length
• Secretions from the pancreas, liver, and
  intestinal juices complete the chemical breakdown
  of all food.

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Small Intestine

• Millions of fingerlike projections called villi
• Each villus contains a network of capillaries
  which absorb digested food particles from the
  small intestine.

• Once food particles enter the capillaries in the
  villi, they are carried throughout the body by
  the blood.

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Small Intestine

• Three parts to the small intestine
• Duodenum
• Food enters here from the stomach
• Jejunum
• The middle section of the SI

• Ileum
• Allow one way flow into the large intestine.

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The Liver Pancreas

• Liver 2nd largest organ in the body.
• Acts to clear the blood of toxins then excreting
  them in the bile.
• Bile is a yellowish-green, bitter fluid important
  in the breakdown of fats.

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Liver Pancreas

• The pancreas produces 3 enzymes
• Trypsin, which digests proteins
• Amylase, which digests carbohydrates
• Lipase, which digests fats
• Located in the C of the SIs duodenum.

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Gallbladder

• Storage organ for bile produced from liver
• Located below the liver
• The small intestine stimulates the release of
  bile into the duodenum.
• Not required for digestion

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Large Intestine

• Starts Ascending colon
• Ends at the anus.
• A.K.A. the colon
• 5 to 6 feet long

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Large Intestine

• Unabsorbed materials
• leave the small intestine in the form of liquid
  and fiber
• enter the large intestine
• Absorbs most remaining
• Water
• Vitamins

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Elimination

• The expulsion of undigested food or body wastes.

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Elimination

• Harmless bacteria in the large intestine change
  the consistency of the undigested food into a
  semisolid waste, called feces
• Feces passes from the body through the anus
• Termed bowel movement

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(No Transcript)
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Activity Place that Organ
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Lifestyle Dietary Factors

• Eat at least 3 servings from a variety of fruits
  and vegetables to avoid constipation
• Practice good hand washing hygiene
• Throw food away after it falls on the floor
• Wash all foods before eating
• Decrease caffeine consumption
• See Fact Sheet for More Dietary Info

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Dietary Activity

• Unhealthy Diet Scenario

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Medications

• Some over the counter drugs that will help aid in
  the relief of constipation and diarrhea.
• Diarrhea
• a. Imodium AD
• b. Pepto-Bismol
• Constipation
• a. Citrucel
• b. Ex-Lax

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Stats of Constipation Diarrhea
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Create your own digestive tract

• Each group will be representing a different part
  the digestive tract
• A member from each group will stand in front of
  the class and explain their organs function
  during the process of digestion
• Be creative and have fun with the activity

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Discussion Time
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THE END