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How to Enhance the Effectiveness of Safety Training

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Edmonton, Alberta Canada. Author. Rajender Dahiya, B.Sc., B.Eng., CSP. Risk Consultant (Calgary) ... Anything that affects our knowledge, skills & attitude. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: How to Enhance the Effectiveness of Safety Training


1
How to Enhance the Effectiveness of Safety
Training

Empowering the Profession CSSEs Professional
Development Conference September 18-21,
2005 Edmonton, Alberta Canada
Author Rajender Dahiya, B.Sc., B.Eng., CSP Risk
Consultant (Calgary) ModuSpec Risk Management
Services Canada Ltd. Tel (403) 667 7540 E-mail
rajender.dahiya_at_gmail.com
2
Agenda
  • Introduction
  • Effective Safety Training Methods
  • Needs Assessment
  • Goals / Objectives
  • Curriculum, Methods Logistics
  • Training Delivery Documentation
  • Evaluation
  • Case Study Work Permit Training

3
Introduction
4
What is Education?
  • Anything that affects our knowledge, skills
    attitude.
  • Primarily increases knowledge attitude.
  • A process through which learners
  • gain new understanding,
  • acquire new skills,
  • or change their attitude or behavior

5
What is Training?
  • Primarily increases knowledge skills.
  • One method of education.
  • A specialized form of education that focuses on
    developing or improving skills.
  • Focuses on performance

6
Education Training
7
Why Safety Training Important?
  • Knowledge of safety rules.
  • Avoid injury or illness to workers.
  • Avoid financial loss due to accidents.
  • Better management of health safety.
  • Meet legal duty for worker protection.
  • Make workers competent.
  • Understanding causes prevention of accidents.
  • Improve safe performance.
  • Commitment to work safely.

8
Who Needs Safety Training?
  • You as an employer or employee
  • Your managers supervisors
  • Your employees

9
How People Learn Retain
  • 10 of what they read.
  • 20 of what they hear.
  • 30 of what they see.
  • 50 of what they see hear.
  • 70 of what they say.
  • 90 of what they say as they are doing.

10
Effective Safety Training Methods
11
Key Elements of Effective Safety Training
Key Elements
12
Needs Assessment
13
Needs Assessment, Step 1
  • Who may need training?
  • What they need to be trained?
  • When they need to be trained?
  • Where they need to be trained?
  • Why they need training?

14
Needs Assessment, Step 2
  • Who does the job?
  • What they do in their job?
  • When do they do the job?
  • Where do they do the job?
  • Why do they do the job?
  • How do they do the job?

15
Needs Assessment
Needs
16
Training Needs Assessment Example
17
Training Non-Training Solutions
18
Goals / Objectives
19
Goals / Objectives
  • Goals are nothing more than wishes,
  • eg Improve the hearing conservation program.
  • Goals describe how training will solve safety
    problem?
  • Objectives are statements that clearly describe
    what learners will be able to do as a result of a
    training program.
  • eg After training, the participants will be able
    to correctly answer 85 of all test questions.
  • Objectives
  • Measurable Quantitative
  • Observable A behavior or response is measured
  • Achievable

20
Curriculum, Methods Logistics
21
Curriculum
  • Content subjects to be cover?
  • Sequencing order of topic sequence
  • Loading depth of each topic
  • Connecting topic relation
  • Methods - presentation
  • Materials - requirement
  • Facilities - venue
  • Feedback evaluation
  • Scheduling when

22
Sequence for a Lesson
  • Gain attention ice breaking
  • Present the objective
  • Deliver the material
  • Learners practice
  • Provide feedback
  • Performance evaluation
  • Review and summarize

23
Sequence Strategy
  • Known to unknown
  • Simple to complex
  • Concrete to abstract
  • General to specific
  • Theory to practice
  • Observations to reasoning
  • Whole to the part and then back again to the whole

24
Methods Media
25
Logistics
  • Where?
  • When, day time
  • Training coordination
  • Classroom setup
  • Equipment

26
  • Training Delivery
  • Documentation

27
Adults Training Needs
  • Need to know why they are learning
  • Apply their experience on learning
  • Need to be in their control of learning
  • Make them more effective and successful

28
Adults Want to Know??
  • Why is it important?
  • How can I apply it?
  • How does it work?
  • What do I need to know?

29
Audience Analysis
  • Audience reasons being here?
  • What does the audience already know?
  • Education level?
  • Age level?
  • Attitude about you?
  • Needs of the audience?
  • Capability?
  • What will and wont work with audience?

30
Effective Presentation Techniques-1
  • Tell them what you are going to tell them
  • Tell them
  • Tell them what you told them

31
Effective Presentation Techniques-2
  • Introduction The first impression
  • Starter Open ended question
  • Grab your audience Use questioning
  • Purpose of presentation
  • Appearance is everything
  • Eye contact, Dress, Posture, Body language,
    Movement, Expression

32
Effective Presentation Techniques-3
  • Expertise, Pace, Attitude, Control, Position
  • Presentation length
  • Voice Clear loud, not shout
  • Visual aids
  • Time management
  • Enthusiastic
  • Tie training to natural system consequences

33
Effective Presentation Techniques-4

Avoid
Reading
Rushing
Fidgeting Too many visuals
34
Training Documentation
  • Trainees Trainers Name
  • Date of training
  • Topic of training
  • Certification trainer trainee sign.
  • Trainee statement of understanding-intent to
    comply
  • Trainer statement measurement of performance
    was conducted

35
  • Evaluation

36
Training Evaluation
  • Post program conversation
  • Pre post test, paper pencil quiz
  • Behavior, before after comparison-interviews/que
    stionnaires
  • Performance measures
  • In-depth interview
  • Questionnaires

37
Training Program Evaluation Form
38
  • Case Study
  • Work Permit Training

39
Overview
  • More than 20 years old Oil Refinery
  • Multinational workforce
  • Maximum maintenance work by Contractors
  • Very good safety management systems and company
    policy and procedures in place
  • High importance to safety by senior management
  • Very good audit incident investigation system
    in place
  • Exclusive safety training center
  • Certified work permit issuers and executors

40
Needs Assessment
  • Techniques used
  • Safety audit,
  • Interviews,
  • Observations,
  • Suggestions,
  • Incident reports,
  • Work permit records,
  • Safety meetings

41
Needs Assessment (Work Permit)
42
Gaps Identified
  • Lack of
  • Knowledge
  • Skills
  • Motivation
  • Employee participation
  • Communication
  • Attitude

43
Why Gaps?
  • Language barrier
  • Low education
  • Training deficiency
  • Technology
  • Overconfidence
  • Multicultural environment
  • Lack of motivation
  • Poor communication
  • Employee-contractor relationship

44
Major Violations Implementing WP System
45
Goals Objectives
  • Goals
  • To reduce work permit non-compliance.
  • To increase awareness among employees about work
    permit system.
  • To improve communication.
  • Objectives
  • To reduce work permit deviations from 90 to 30
    in next 6 months.
  • To train all issuers and executors in
    implementing work permit system.
  • To improve the standard of safety training.

46
Actions
  • Compiled all non-conformances
  • Weekly audit report analysis
  • Non-compliance report to management
  • Highlight in safety meetings
  • Brainstorm key personnel
  • Identified training non-training solutions
  • Weak areas were addressed

47
Non-Training Solutions
  • Correcting at the spot
  • Highlights in periodic reports
  • Auditing with issuers and / or executor
  • Safety meetings
  • Handouts, flowchart
  • Best permit issuer award
  • Safety suggestion recognition
  • Safety a point in appraisal
  • Employee involvement
  • Feedback

48
5 Strategies Effective Training Methods
49
1. 1 to 1, Face to Face,
2 Way
Communication
  • Permit filling
  • Issuer
  • Executor
  • Number of permits
  • Risk assessment
  • Critical jobs
  • Condition change
  • Residual hazards
  • Personnel protection
  • Permit execution
  • Compliance
  • Supervision

Education Knowledge Skills
50
2. Presentation, Lecture
  • Non-conformances
  • Major violations
  • Procedural requirements
  • Emphasis on weak areas
  • Responsibilities
  • Recognition and motivation
  • Management commitment
  • Case study and examples

Education Knowledge Motivation
51
3. Questions and Answers
  • Responsibilities dispute
  • Current issues
  • Safety statistics
  • Consequences
  • Recent and relevant incidents
  • Whats wrong? How, why? Correct way

Knowledge Employee involvement Communication
52
4. Safety Talk
  • Small group
  • By supervisors
  • On the job
  • 5 to 10 minutes
  • Specific only one topic
  • Current priority issue
  • Demo and practices

Knowledge Employee involvement Skills
53
5. Train the Trainer
  • Line supervisors and,
  • Contractor's supervisors
  • Train further down
  • Responsibility
  • Authority
  • Better communication
  • Employee participation
  • Compliance with company procedures

Education Knowledge Motivation
54
Key Elements Played Vital Role in Effective
Training Program
  • Management Commitment
  • Managers Supervisors Training
  • Active Participation
  • Active Learning Experience
  • Continuous Learning Improvement
  • Training Reinforcement
  • Feedback

55
Work Permit Filling, Execution, Records
56
Evaluation
  • Following techniques were used
  • Audit
  • Interview discussion
  • Performance
  • Behavior
  • Feedback
  • Work permit records
  • Safety statistics

57
Results
58
Conclusion
  • Objectives were measurable and achievable and
    were based on needs assessment.
  • Training non-training solutions were strictly
    based on needs.
  • Training delivered by competent trainer.
  • Performance measured and evaluation was done by
    using various techniques.
  • Objectives met/achieved.
  • When training results match with goals and
    objectives of the training, the program can be
    considered effective.

59
Any Question?
THANK YOU
60
References
  • OR-OSHA, Oregon Occupational Safety Health
    Division.
  • National Safety Council USA.
  • Web and other internet resources.
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