Clinical Settings in Which Isolated Keratoconus May Occur

1
Clinical Settings in Which Isolated Keratoconus
May Occur

• Contact lens wear
• Eye rubbing
• Atopy
• Positive family history

2
Clinical Signs of Keratoconus

• External signs
• Retinoscopy/
• retro-illumination
• Slit lamp findings
• Pachymetry
• Corneal topography

3
External Signs

• Munsons Sign
• Chronic eye rubbing
• Squinting

4
External Signs

• Rizzoli's Sign

5
Retinoscopy

• Myopic astigmatism
• Scissors reflex
• Oil droplet red reflex

6
Slit Lamp Findings

• Stromal thinning at cone apex
• Increased visibility of corneal nerves

7
Loss of Transparency
8
Slit Lamp Findings

• Central or eccentric corneal protrusion

9
Slit Lamp Findings

• Fleischer ring at base of cone

10
Slit Lamp Findings

• Epithelial or sub-epithelial scarring

11
Slit Lamp Findings

• Vogts Striae

12
Slit Lamp Findings

• Stromal edema in the cone (hydrops)

13
Pachymetry and Tomography
14
Topography-HUMPHREYS PATHFINDER
15
KLYCE MAEDA CRITERIA
16
OrbScan
17
Oculus Pentacam

• Oculus Pentacam
• Rotating Scheimpflug images
• Anterior Posterior Topography
• Curvature
• Elevation
• Anterior Chamber Analysis
• Pachymetry
• Lens Evaluation

18
Pachymetry
Tomography
19
Keratoconus