Ch 8: The Internet and the Web Content

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CHAPTER
The Internet and the Web
Irfan A. IlyasLecture 23
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Points to cover

• Introducing Internet
• What is available on the Internet?
• How to get connected with Internet?
• Main Internet Facilities
• World Wide Web
• Electronic Mailing
• Telnet
• FTP
• Gopher
• Basic Working Model of Internet Services

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Introducing Internet

• Internet is
• a connection of billions of computers (similar/
  dissimilar)
• AND
• the technologies (hardware/ software) which makes
  the whole setup interoperable.

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What is available on the Internet?

• Internet offers its users many services including
• Communication with others
• Using emails, chatting (online messaging)
• Shopping
• Buy goods (and sell also)
• Searching
• Reading materials from real as well as virtual
  libraries
• Entertainment
• Games, Magazines, Interactive games etc.
• Education (e-learnings)
• Take online classes, get academic degrees.

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How to get connected with Internet?

• Internet Service Provider (ISP)
• An ISP is a commercial based organization
• ISP charge their customers on hourly or fixed
  basis (unlimited access)
• How it works?
• An ISP already had its computer connected with
  the Internet (backbone)
• ISP allows their users to get connected with
  their local computer through a modem (telephone
  line)
• After the user is connected, he becomes a part of
  the Internet (using different services)

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How to get connected with Internet?

• Internet Service Providers( ISP )
• Commercial Organizations
• Available for all public
• Centers are locally available to different areas
  saves telephone charges.
• Examples
• Saudi Online, Nasjeet etc.
• Provide their customers with different numbers in
  Riyadh, Dammam, Jeddah etc.
• University Colleges
• Only available for University attached people
  (students, faculty, staff)
• Cannot be used from other localities
• Example KFUPM Connection

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How to get connected with Internet?

• Procedure for an ISP connections
• Step1 Getting Tel User Account
• Subscribers are provided with
• A telephone number to the ISP computer (local to
  the subscribers locality)
• A username password

Note pre-paid card from commercial ISPs normally
have this information printed over it.
Saudi Online
Saudi Online Prepaid Card with necessary
information printed over it
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Procedure for an ISP connections

• Step2 System Setup for a dialup Connection
• To prepare the subscribers (user) system for the
  connection, one of the following will also be
  provided
• A step-by-step manual setup procedure
• OR
• A small program which will automatically do the
  required setup using a dialogue from the user.

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Procedure for an ISP connections

• Step3 Connecting the ISP
• Using the dialup connection created in the last
  step,
• Users dial the ISP number
• System tries to connect (strange noise)
• A successful connection message appears

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Procedure for an ISP connections

• Step4 Using Internet Facilities
• Users can now start browsing etc.

For more info http//www.saudionline.com
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Access Providers

• Common way to attach to the Internet
• Internet service providers (ISP)
• National
• Regional
• Wireless

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Main Facilities on Internet

• World Wide Web
• WWW allows Internet computers to exchange
  information objects (text/ pictures/ sound etc.)
  among each other through easy to use web pages.
• WWW is an interface of Internet contents
• Electronic Mailing
• Sending and receiving messages using Internet
• Telnet
• Running programs on a remote computer (with its
  screen and keyboard control available locally)

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.Main Facilities on Internet

• FTP
• Transferring file from/ to a remote computer on
  the Internet
• Gopher
• It allows a client computer to access different
  resources on a server computer using a menu based
  interface (text based menus)
• Not very popular after Web Interface became
  available.
• Complex and painful.

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The Basic Working Model of Different Internet
Services

• All Internet facilities work on the same
  principle as does the Web Service.
• A client program is provided to Internet users
• WWW Internet Explorer, Netscape Navigator
• Email Outlook Express, Netscape Mailer, Eudora
  Mail
• FTP Cute FTP for windows,
• Telnet Microsoft Windows Telnet client

Server Responses
Client Requests
A Server Computer running the server program
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Example Client Programs

• Cute FTP for Windows
• Microsoft Window Telnet Client

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Working Principle of Different Internet Services

• A server program must be running on the computers
  providing any related service.
• Normally available as Operating System Services
• Services start automatically when windows starts

Service handling a Telnet Server Facility
Service handling a WWW Server Facility
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Working Principle of Different Internet Services

• The transaction mechanisms needed in each service
  will be different but already standardized
• Email Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
• FTP File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
• Gopher Gopher Protocol
• Web Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (http)

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