Germany

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Germany By Ashley Hess Kennedy Elem. 5th Grade
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The German Landscape

• Located in Central Europe.
• Measures 137,846 sq. mi.
• Surrounded by nine countries.
• 16 states called Länder.

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The Coast Islands
Northern Germany is bordered to the north by the
Jutland Peninsula. This is Germanys only
seacoast. It is over 1,400 miles long.
Germany also has islands surrounding the
Jutland Peninsula. One of these islands is
Rügen Island. This island is recognized for its
natural chalk formation. Top Photo Jutland
Peninsula Bottom Photo Rügen Island
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Northern Germany Lowlands
Due to its low elevation, much of Northern
Germany is wetlands. When the tide rises, this
land becomes covered with water. Elevations
vary from below sea level to 656 feet. Glaciers
created many small rivers and marches in this
region.
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Central Upland Region

• Includes hills, plains, and rough terrain.
• The Rhine River creates deep indentations
  throughout the region.
• Averages over 3,000 feet in elevation.
• The highest point is the Harz Mountains.
• Mt. Brocken is 3,747 feet.

The Rhine River in Germany.
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Southern Germany

• Divides the Central Uplands from the Alps.
• Rough but colorful region filled with high
  valleys, hills, lakes, and forests.
• The Winter Games of 1936 were held in the
  Bavarian Alps of Germany.

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History of germany

• In 500 BC, settlers from Italy began to settle in
  Germany.
• In later centuries, they were called Germanic
  Tribes.
• The region became known as Germania.
• Julius Caesar avoided Germania because he
  believed mythical creatures lived in the dark
  forests.

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History of Germany

• By 700 AD, Latin became the predominant language
  of Europe.
• The term deutsch was created to identify
  languages other than Latin.
• Germany became known as Deutschland.

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History of germany

• In 794 AD, a man named Charlemagne began
  spreading Christianity throughout Germany.
• By 800 AD, Charlemagne was named Pope, the head
  of the Catholic Church.
• Charlemagnes empire became known as the Holy
  Roman Empire.

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History of germany

• In the 16th century, some territories of the Holy
  Roman Empire began to revolt.
• This revolution was lead by Martin Luther, a
  German Priest.
• Luther believed that following the Pope was not
  the only way to become a Christian.
• His followers became known as Protestants.
• Lutheran churches today follow his practices.

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German Arts

• From 1600-1800, Germany was the center of the
  Baroque art movement.
• Baroque art was very lively and expressive.
• The Zwinger Palace, pictured here in Dresden, is
  an example of Baroque art.

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German Traditions

• Did you know celebrating birthdays came from
  Germany over 800 years ago?
• Germans called this holiday Kinderfest.
• The celebrations started early in the morning
  with cake and presents.
• Germans also started the tradition of blowing out
  birthday candles while making a wish!

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German traditions

• Although Christmas is celebrated in many
  countries, it was Germany who started the
  tradition of putting up a Christmas tree!
• Trees were decorated with such things as
• Flowers
• Apples
• Cookies
• Sugar

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German Music

• Johann Sebastian Bach is a well-known Baroque
  Composer.
• Bach was born in Eisenach in 1685.
• One of his most popular pieces is the Saint
  Matthew Passion.
• One century later, Ludwig van Beethoven became
  another well-known composer.
• At the age of twenty-two, Beethoven began to lose
  his hearing.
• Beethoven is best known for his nine symphonies.
• These symphonies are the central core to most
  operas today.
• YouTube - Karajan - Beethoven Symphony No. 5 -
  Part 1

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German Inventions

• Can anyone tell me what this photo is?
• A This is a printing press. It was created by
  Johannes Gutenberg over 500 years ago!

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German Inventions

• Another early invention from Germany is the alarm
  clock!
• Who wants to estimate what year the alarm clock
  was invented?
• A Over 400 years ago!

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German Inventions
F
100

• Gabriel Fahrenheit invented the Fahrenheit scale
  over 300 years ago!
• German scientist Wilhelm Rötgen invented the
  X-ray machine about 100 years ago!
• Other inventions from Germany include
• Aspirin
• Whistling Tea Kettle
• Automobile
• Motorcycle
• Highways (The Autobahn in 1921)

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The Atomic Bomb
Q Who created the Atomic Bomb? A Albert
Einstein, a German Physicist
Q Does anyone know why the United States, and
not Germany, is known for using the first atomic
bomb? A In 1934, the Nazis broke into
Einsteins home and took all of his property.
Einstein later moved to the United States and it
was in the United States that he finished his
research on the atomic bomb.
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Math Facts
Math Facts

In January, the average temperature in the German
mountains is 21F. The average temperature in
the lowlands is 35F. How many degrees
difference is there between the mountains and the
lowlands? Answer 14F The average yearly
rainfall in the northern lowlands is 24 inches.
The average yearly rainfall in the Bavarian Alps
is 80 inches. How many more inches of rain does
the Bavarian Alps receive? Answer 56
Inches About how many inches of rain does the
Bavarian Alps receive each month? Answer About
6.6 Inches
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Math Facts

• Germanys highest elevation point, Zugspitze, is
  9,721 feet. Germanys lowest elevation, Freepsum
  Lake, is 6.5 feet below sea level. How many feet
  lower is Freepsum Lake?
• Answer 9,727.5 Feet

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Sources

• Blashfield, Jean F. Enchantment of the World
  Germany. Scholastic, Inc. New York, 203.
• Davis, Kevin. Look What Came From Germany!
  Grolier Publishing, New York, 1999.
• http//t-cher.seesaa.net/article/9826521.html
• http//www.bork.hampshire.edu
• http//www.flickr.com
• http//www.jan-christoph.net
• http//www.lib.nmsu.edu
• http//www.mercantila.com
• http//www.photoatlas.com

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Rubric Information

• Audience 5th Grade Students
• Objectives Students gain an overall knowledge
  and understanding of Germany.
• Assessment Observation and students
  recollection of facts presented in presentation.