EGGCITED ABOUT POULTRY Middle School Curriculum

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EGGCITED ABOUT POULTRYMiddle School Curriculum

• By Jennie Simpson and Dr. Frank Flanders
• Georgia Agricultural Education Curriculum Office
• Georgia Department of Education
• May 2003

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CONTENTS
Instructions Click on a topic of interest below
or go through the entire presentation by clicking
on the arrows.

• What is poultry used for, what types of poultry
  are there?
• Breeds of Chicken.
• Differences Between White and Brown Eggs.
• Poultry Terms to Know.
• Broiler Production.
• Layer Production.

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What do we use poultry for?
Thanksgiving Turkey
Eggs- Angel Food Cake
Chicken Nuggets
Feathers-Fish lures
Feathers-Down pillows
Eggs-Medicine
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What types of poultry are there?
Ducks
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Pigeons Are Also Poultry There is a hobby called
Pigeon Racing and hobbyists take it very
seriously!
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Chickens

• Chickens make up the largest sector of the
  poultry industry.
• Consumption of chicken in the U.S. is rising
  every year.

• Why?
• Chicken is LOW in fat, HIGH in protein and LOW in
  cholesterol when compared to meats such as pork
  and beef.
• There are several breeds of chicken used to
  produce different products and types of eggs.

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Breeds of Chicken
White Leghorns
Used for egg production and produce white eggs
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Breeds of Chicken
Barred Plymouth Rocks
Used for meat and eggs, produce brown eggs
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Breeds of Chicken
New Hampshire Reds
Used for meat and eggs, produce brown eggs
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Breeds of Chickens
White Plymouth Rocks
Used for meat and eggs, produce brown eggs
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Whats the Difference Between Brown Eggs and
White Eggs?

• White and brown eggs taste the same and have the
  same nutritive value. Brown eggs are not
  healthier!
• The color difference is due to the breed of the
  hen.
• You can tell what color egg a hen will lay by
  looking at her feathers and ear lobes.
• A hen with WHITE earlobes and feathers will lay
  WHITE eggs.
• A hen with RED feathers and matching earlobes
  will lay BROWN eggs.
• The difference is purely cosmetic.usually,
  people in the North prefer brown eggs while
  people in the South like white eggs.

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Poultry Terms to Know CLICK PICTURES TO ENLARGE
Broiler- used mainly for meat. A broiler is a
chicken is 6 to 7 weeks of age and weighs 4
pounds when it is sent to market.
Layer-a mature female chicken that produces eggs.
Most can lay 300 eggs/year.
Pullet- a young female chicken
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Poultry Terms to Know CLICK PICTURES TO ENLARGE
Capon- a male chicken that has been
neutered/castrated, usually 5 to 7 months of age
and weigh about 6 pounds. By castrating these
males when they are 3 weeks old, their meat is
more tender and more flavorful when the bird
matures.
Rooster/Cock- a mature male chicken
Cockerel- a male chicken that is less than 1 year
old
Spent hen- a hen that is no longer laying
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Poultry Terms to Know
Photos courtesy of USDA
Vertical Integration-raising, processing, and
distributing poultry is now one continuous chain.
A large company is composed of smaller companies
that carry out all the processes from
manufacturing to distributing. For example, Con
Agra is one large company, but they hire growers,
hatcheries, distributors, and processors.
1. Hatchery
2. Growout
3. Processing
4. Distribution
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Broiler Production
Broilers are raised for their meat and they make
up most of the chicken products that we eat. A
Broilers Story I was born in a hatcherythen I
was placed in an open chicken house where I ate
and drank at free will. The chicken house is big,
warm, and well ventilated. I ran around on a big
open shavings floor. I was fed a diet that made
me grow as efficiently as possible so that the
grower wouldnt waste money on me. My diet has
yellow corn, soy, other grains, minerals,
vitamins, and medicine to keep us from getting
sick. My brothers,sisters, and I were all kept
very healthy. When I turned six weeks old and
weighed 4 pounds I was sent to market so you can
enjoy chicken nuggets and other chicken products.
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Broiler Production
Which three states in the U.S. lead in broiler
production?

• Georgia, Alabama, and Arkansas
• Mississippi, Georgia, and Florida
• Arkansas, California, and Michigan

A
B
C
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Broiler Production
Most farmers grow chickens on a contract. What
does growing on contract mean?
Grower The Grower Supplies House Utilities Labor
Shavings Cleaning Supplies
Company (Con Agra, Perdue,etc.) The Company
Supplies Chicks Feed Medicine Expertise
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Layer Production
Eggcellent!!!!
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Layer Production
Did you know? A layer hen in production can lay
almost 300 eggs/year and this number is rising!
In 1900, hens only laid 100 eggs/year! Are the
eggs you buy in the store fertilized or
unfertilized? They are unfertilized! Hens do not
need a rooster to lay eggs. Can you name some
foods that have eggs in them? Angel food cake,
mayonnaise, egg nog, bread, and noodles are just
a few products with eggs!
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Layer Production
What are the parts of an egg?
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Layer Production
EGG GRADING
Eggs can be Grade AA, A, or B And Small, Medium,
or Large
Eggs that are misshapen, cracked, or dirty are
not sold to the consumer. These eggs are
classified as LOSS.
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THE END
END
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Broiler
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Layer
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Pullet
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Capon
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Cockerel
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Cock/Rooster
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Spent Hen
Photo courtesy of CAA
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CORRECT!!!!
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INCORRECT!!!!
A silkie chick-10 weeks old