Globalization and Its Effects

1
Globalization and Its Effects
2
Learning Objectives

• Concepts
• Globalization Spatial Transformation
• Long-distance Flows National Sovereignty
• Questions
• What is globalization?
• What are forms of globalization?
• What are origins of globalization?
• What are major effects of globalization?
• How does globalization influence nation states?

3
Definition of Globalization

• A process or set of processes that embodies a
  transformation in the spatial organization of
  social relations and transactions--assessed in
  terms of their extensity, intensity, velocity and
  impact--generating transcontinental or
  inter-regional flows and net works of activity.
• (David Held, 1999, Global Transformation)

4
Whats New?

• Long distance flows
• Affecting the lives of many people through
  more interconnection
• Revolution of information technology

5
Dimensions of Globalization

• Economic globalization involves long-distance
  flows of goods, services and capital, as well as
  information of market exchange.
• Environmental globalization involves long
  distance transport of materials in the atmosphere
  or oceans or biological substances that affect
  human health and well-being.
• Social and Cultural globalization involves
  movements of ideas, information, and images and
  of people.
• Political Globalization refers to ideas and
  information about power and governance.

6
Origins of Globalization

• Migration
• Market Expansion
• - Opening national borders for trade and flow of
  capital information.
• - Growing global financial market and increasing
  economic exchange.
• Development of New Technology

7
Effects of Globalization

• Stretches social, political, and economic
  frontiers
• Speed up the world
• Increasing interdependence.
• Creating new forms of international
  governance.

8
Effects of Globalization (Cont.)

• Positive
• Globalization brings economic prosperity.
• Globalization brings peace and stability.
• Globalization brings liberalization and
  modernization.

• Negative
• Globalization brings inequality in international
  society.
• Globalization makes the world more instable and
  vulnerable.
• Globalization brings challenges and pressures to
  domestic and local governance.

9
Globalization and The State

• National-states will continue to be important.
• The internal structures of states will be
  crucial in their ability to adapt to
  globalization.
• Does globalization weaken state institutions?
• It could, but the answers vary by the type of
  state and the type of function.
• Globalization could lead stronger terrorist
  entities.

10
The Case of EU

• European Union
• The European Union (EU) is a union of
  twenty-five independent states based on the
  European Communities and founded to enhance
  political, economic and social co-operation.
  Formerly known as European Community (EC) or
  European Economic Community (EEC).
• Three Pillars of EU Integration
• The first pillarSingle Market and the 'four
  freedoms', that is, free movement of persons,
  goods, services and capital across borders.
• The second pillar Common Foreign and
  Security Policy (CFSP).
• The third pillar Domestic and Justice Affairs