Intimate Partner Violence IPV and Pregnancy

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Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and Pregnancy
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Presentation Objective

• To show the occurrence of partner violence in our
  society, and why IPV among pregnant women is a
  public health concern.

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Facts About IPV

• Affects approximately 1.5 million women each year
  47 IVP assaults per 1,000 women

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Facts About IPV

• Affects approximately 1.5 million women each year
  47 IVP assaults per 1,000 women
• Affects as many as 324,000 pregnant women each
  year

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Facts About IPV

• Affects approximately 1.5 million women each year
  47 IVP assaults per 1,000 women
• Affects as many as 324,000 pregnant women each
  year
• IPV results in nearly 2 million injuries and
  1,300 deaths

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Facts About IPV

• Affects approximately 1.5 million women each year
  47 IVP assaults per 1,000 women
• Affects as many as 324,000 pregnant women each
  year
• IPV results in nearly 2 million injuries and
  1,300 deaths
• Between 4 and 8 of pregnant women are abused at
  least once during pregnancy

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What is IPV?

• Is physical, sexual, or psychological harm
  inflicted by a current or former partner or
  spouse. This type of violence can occur among
  heterosexual or same-sex couples
• IPV can vary in frequency and severity. It occurs
  on a continuum, ranging from one hit that may or
  may not impact the victim to chronic, severe
  battering

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Types of Violence

• Physical Violence

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Violence

• Physical violence The intentional use of
  physical force with the potential for causing
  death, injury, disability or harm.
• Pushing
• Choking
• Kicking
• Biting
• Hitting
• Assault with a knife or gun
• Homicide is the second leading cause of death
  among pregnant.

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Types of Violence

• Physical Violence
• Psychological Violence

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Violence

• Psychological and Emotional Abuse
• Humiliating
• Embarrassing victim
• Controlling victim's movement and activities
• Isolating victim
• Controlling financial resources
• Stalking

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Types of Violence

• Physical Violence
• Psychological Violence
• Sexual Violence

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Violence

• Sexual violence
• Actual or threatened use of force to engage in a
  sexual act against ones will
• Attempted or completed sex act with a person
  unable to
• avoid participation
• communicate unwillingness
• understand the nature of the act
• Abusive sexual contact

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Possible Risk Factors for Victimization

• Women at Risk
• Young women
• Race/Ethnicity
• American Indian/Alaskan Native
• African American
• Hispanic
• Low socioeconomic status
• Unemployed
• Victims of prior IPV abuse
• Lack of social support

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Possible Risk Factors for Perpetuation of Violence

• Low self-esteem
• Low academic achievement
• Prior history of being physically abusive
• Belief of strict gender roles (male dominance)
• Desire for power and control in relationships
• Economic stress or unemployment

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Why is IPV is a Public Health Concern

• All forms of IPV are preventable
• Effects of violence
• Fetus
• spontaneous abortion
• fetal injury or death from maternal trauma
• Children
• witnessing violence is a risk factor for abusive
  relationships as an adult
• associated with depression, substance abuse, poor
  school performance, high-risk sexual activity.

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e-Technology and IPV
Website CDC Address IVP
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e-Technology for Victims
New York State Domestic Violence Coalition
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Thank you!