North America I

1
NORTH AMERICA I(CHAPTER 3 150-176)
A. WinklerPrins
A. WinklerPrins
2
(No Transcript)
3
Defining Characteristics

• Two continental sized countries
• English language
• Christian faiths
• Predominantly European norms
• Government, architecture, diet, arts
• Highly urbanized
• Mobile populations
• High incomes
• Manufacturing output
• Federal states with plural societies

A. WinklerPrins
4
Physiographic Regions
5
Climate Patterns
6
New Orleans and Hurricane Katrina
7
Indigenous Domains
A. WinklerPrins
8
(No Transcript)
9
(No Transcript)
10
Migration
North America is a realm of immigrants Push
factors Pull factors
11
(No Transcript)
12
(No Transcript)
13
(No Transcript)
14
Urban Geography

• Concerned with the spatial aspects of cities and
  urban systems
• Four major themes
• Historical evolution of cities
• Interurban geography
• Intraurban geography
• Urban social geography
• Planning and policy-making
• Three key models
• Borchert Adams Vance

15
Borcherts Model(Metropolitan evolution)

• Generalization of the historical growth of the us
  urban system
• Based on key changes in energy and transportation
  technology
• Occurred in 5 stages
• Sail-wagon epoch (1790-1830)
• Iron horse epoch (1830-1870)
• Steel-rail epoch (1870-1920)
• Auto-air-amenity epoch (1920-1970)
• Satellite-electronic-jet propulsion epoch (1970-?)

16
Adams Model

• Focused on intraurban growth
• Based on breakthroughs in transportation
  technology
• A pattern of outward-areal expansion
• Occurred in 4 stages
• lt1888- walking-horsecar era
• 1888-1920- electric streetcar era
• 1920-1945- recreational auto era
• 1945-present- freeway era

17
Intraurban growth
18
Urban Spatial Changes

• James Vance defines a new tributary area Urban
  Realms
• Single urban structure of the past is transformed
  into a multicentered model in which several
  outlying activity concentrations rival the
  Central Business District (CBD)
• Edge Cities

19
(No Transcript)
20
Ethnic Patterns
21
Components of the Spatial Economy

• ACTIVITIES or SECTORS
• Primary (Raw Materials)
• Secondary (Manufacturing)
• Tertiary (Services)
• Quaternary (Information)

22
Fuel Resources
A. WinklerPrins
23
Industrial Location Factors

• Location of raw materials
• Labor availability
• Energy availability
• Location of market
• Transportation

• Relative importance of factors change
• Individual sectors
• Nature of the economy

24
Agriculture in the US
25
Post Industrial Location Factors

• Proximity to a major research university
• Large pool of well educated people
• Proximity to a major metropolitan area
• Recreational water within 1 hour drive
• Abundant venture capital
• Entrepreneurial culture supportive of risk-taking
  and forgiving of failure
• Network of global business linkages
• High amenity region

26
Postindustrial Communications
27
NORTH AMERICA I(CHAPTER 3 150-176)
A. WinklerPrins
A. WinklerPrins