LOW CARB 101

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LOW CARB 101

• An introduction to a low carbohydrate lifestyle
• Jacqueline A. Eberstein, R.N.

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Why control carbs?

• As of 2002 66 of adults in the US were
  overweight or obese.
• As of 2002 32 of children in the US were
  overweight or obese.
• Obesity is a major contributor to Type 2 diabetes
  and heart disease.

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Other health consequences of excess body weight

• Hypertension
• Abnormal lipids- elevated LDL and/ or
  triglycerides, low HDL and small dense LDL
  particles
• Stroke
• Gallbladder disease
• Osteoarthritis
• Sleep apnea and other respiratory conditions
• Cancers including breast, colon and endometrial

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Health consequences

• Gout
• Kidney stone formation
• Fatty liver disease
• DVT-deep venous thrombosis
• PCOS
• Infertility
• Increased health risks to Mom and baby during
  pregnancy and delivery
• Negative psychological and social effects

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What has happened?

• Mid 1970s major movement to low fatmore carbs
  often of poor quality replaced fat and protein
• Low fat is less satisfying
• Increase in convenience foods-high carb and
  heavily processed
• Super-sized portions
• Excessive TV time especially for kids
• Less family meals at home
• Child directed advertising

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US consumption data does not support low fat
nutrition position

• Most of us would have predicted that if we can
  get the population to change its fat intake, with
  its dense calories, we would see a reduction in
  weight admits Harlan. Instead, we see the
  exact opposite.
• Science Magazine, Harlan j. Onsrud, University of
  Maine.

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Goals for Nutrition Management

• Successfully achieve weight loss
• Sustain weight maintenance
• Promote general health
• Address specific diseases
• Be nutritionally sound

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Atkins Nutritional Approach

• The ANA is an easy to follow four phase
  controlled carb program.
• Includes supplements and regular exercise.
• Addresses rebalancing the bodies hormonal
  systems.
• One can consume more calories and lose more
  weight than on a low calorie diet. This metabolic
  advantage is supported by several research
  studies.
• Includes satisfying foods that control appetite
  allowing you to find the right amount of food
  without counting calories.
• Does not require low carb products. Emphasizes
  whole foods.
• Can be individualization to meet each persons
  needs.

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How does the ANA work?

• Carbohydrates and fat provide fuel for the body.
• When carbs are available they are used for energy
  first.
• Any excess carbs and other foods are stored as
  fat.
• When restricting carbs the body burns fat next
  causing weight loss or weight maintenance.
• Controlling the quality and quantity of carbs
  normalizes blood sugar, insulin, other hormones.
• Research has shown improvements in CV risk
  factors often better than a low fat diet.

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Benefits of controlling carbs

• Weight loss and maintenance
• Improved health indicators-triglycerides,
  particle size of LDL, improved blood sugar and
  insulin, HDL, A1C, inflammatory markers
• Better mood regulation
• Increased alertness and concentration
• Cope with stress better
• Decreased gastrointestinal symptoms
• Better and more even energy levels
• Appetite control, less need to snacks or
  preoccupation with food
• Decreased need for caffeine for energy
• Less reliance on prescription medications
• Less joint stress
• Less headaches

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Atkins Nutritional Principals

• Weight loss
• Weight Maintenance
• Good health and well-being
• Disease prevention