Supported Mathing

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Supported Math(ing)

• Using AT in the Mathematics Process

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Consider this...

• You went to the ATM machine and it would not give
  you 200 to buy groceries and fill your
  prescription refill because you had insufficient
  funds. You balanced your checkbook 2 weeks ago.
• How much money can you get from the ATM?

3
Consider this...

• You need to clock-in at work at 400 at the
  Burger King in the food court at the mall. You
  take the bus to work. The bus stop is one block
  from your apartment and the bus lets you out at
  the opposite side of the mall from the food
  court.
• When do you need to leave your apartment?

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To solve these problems...

• What information do you need to have?
• What do you need to do with this information?

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To solve it....

• What
• Process?
• Equation or formula?
• Estimation?
• Calculation?
• did you use?

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Math(ing)

• Purpose
• To determine how much or how many
• To determine when or how soon
• Outcomes
• Measure (objects, time, amount, distance)
• Compute (totals, differences, values)
• Solve complex problems

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Math(ing)

• Skills (Functions)
• Computing / Calculating / Measuring
• Exact amounts
• Estimates (e.g., nearest dollar strategy
• Process (Analyzing)
• Determine what type outcome is needed
• Select a formula (a math sentence)
• Fill in the values
• Determine the solution

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Math(ing)

• Writing Math
• Why do we need to write math?
• What does writing math involve?
• What are AT tools for writing math?

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PAUSE
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AT for Math(ing)

• The purpose of AT is compensatory
• Therefore, the tools needed are those that
• Enhance or replace the skills
• Needed to produce math outcomes
• What AT tools do you use, know or have already
  seen in class?

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AT for Math(ing)

• Tools for measuring
• What do we measure?
• Length or distance
• Elapsed time
• Amounts (number or volume)
• What are the barriers to measuring?
• What are the perceptual or physical barriers
• What are the cognitive barriers?
• What are the AT tools?

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AT for Math(ing)

• Tools for computing
• What do we compute?
• Totals
• Differences
• Proportions / percentages (e.g., tips)
• What are the barriers to computing?
• What are the perceptual or physical barriers
• What are the AT tools?

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What are the cognitive barriers to computing?

• Recall of
• Number names and number values
• 1 one / one one
• 3 ? ? ?
• Math operators - /
• Number facts
• Addition tables

• Equivalences
• Money equivalence (e.g., making change)
• In ft, tsp T, oz cup
• Computational rules
• Borrowing, carrying
• Fractions

What are the AT Tools?
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What are the cognitive barriers to computing?

• Knowledge of
• Math logic basic processes
• One to one correspondence
• Math operations (add, subtract, multiply, divide)
• Math linguistics (e.g., spoken or printed
  words)
• Add, and, subtract, take away, more,
• Greater than / less than

What are the AT Tools?
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AT Supported Math Strategies

• Many of the AT math tools are a combination of
• The tool (e.g., a calculator)
• AND
• A strategy
• Put 10.00 on the calculator
• Get items from the shopping list
• Subtract each items price as you put it in the
  cart
• Stop getting items when it says 0.00
• If the number starts with a - put the last item
  back

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The Computer as a Tool in Mathematics

• Most common tool software is the word processor.
• Other popular tools include spreadsheets,
  databases, and PowerPoint.
• Electronic Manipulatives for Numeration (applets
  and software)

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http//illuminations.nctm.org
http//illuminations.nctm.org

• National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
  (NCTM)
• Navigation Series (CD-ROMs)
• Illuminations (applets)
• Lessons
• Standards
• On-line tools
• Web resources

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Software Talking Calculator
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Software Making Sense With Numbers (Inclusive
TLC)
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Software Mighty Math Number Heroes (Riverdeep)
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Math

• Computer software can be a good tool to reinforce
  basic mathematical skills.
• However, most programs are skill-and-drill
  programs that are marketed to the general school
  population.

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• As for students with disabilities, few research
  studies have been done on the impact of computer
  use on the understanding of mathematics
  principles.
• Good software.

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Manipulatives (physical models)

• Unifix cubes
• Cuisenaire Rods
• Counters (examples plastic tiles, chips, bears)
• Ruler, tape measure
• Clocks (analog, digital)
• Abacus
• Calculator

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Unifix Cubes
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Talking Tape Measure
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Calculators contribute to the learning of
mathematics

• Benefits
• Helps to develop concepts
• Use for practice or drill
• Enhances problem solving
• Improves student attitudes
• Saves time
• Seen as a commonplace tool in society

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Talking Calculator
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• Flexible plastic ruler allows tactual visual
  measurement raised lines in ¼ increments white
  w/ raised black lines w/ numbers in Braille
  large print.

• 18-inch flexible Braille/large print ruler.

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Beads and Pattern Cards
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Digital Talking Clock(with braille)
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Teacher Resources

• LD online www.ldonline.org
• National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
  www.nctm.org
• Math Forum http//mathforum.com
• MegaMath
• http//www.c3.lanl.gov/mega-math
• Go to google and type in eManipulatives for early
  learning games.