Safety Glasses

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Hazard Communication Program
Employee Training Module
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Training Program

• Right-to-Know Law or HazCom Standard is designed
  to present you with information and training in
  the use and hazards associated with hazardous
  chemicals and substances.
• How to read and interpret container labels and
  Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).
• Recognize hazards and take the appropriate
  precautions.
• The chemistry of Hazardous Materials.
• Where to obtain specific information.

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Scope and Application
This program applies to all employees of who may
be exposed to hazardous chemicals in a manner
inconsistent with normal consumer use. The
HazCom Program provides you with the necessary
information and resources needed to ensure you
are aware of the hazards associated with
hazardous materials located and/or used within
your work place. Elements of this program are
designed to communicate to employees all safety
related information about hazardous chemicals
used in their work environment. Knowledge of
hazardous materials is key to preventing over
exposures, work-related illnesses, and chemical
accidents.
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Century Fence Policy
POLICY

• To provide a safe and healthy work place
• Make information readily available to employees
• Provide training for all affected employees
• Implement appropriate workplace controls,
  practices and procedures
• Minimize threat to employee safety health
• Require less toxic/hazardous substitutes be used
• Prevent unauthorized introduction of chemicals
  into the workplace by requiring pre-approval
• Support safety engineer in program implementation

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OSHA Requirements

• Location availability of documents
• Written HazCom program
• Material safety data sheets
• Hazardous chemicals list
• Location of hazardous materials
• Exposure data where available
• Medical files
• Methods observations to detect releases
• Labeling systems
• Physical health hazards of chemicals
• Protective measures you can take

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Responsibilities

• Administration Enforcement
• MSDS
• Pipe and Tank labeling.
• HazOp reviews.
• Contractor orientation.
• Container labeling
• Hazardous chemical list
• Preparation of labels
• Compliance audits
• Employee training
• Exposure monitoring
• Information requests
• New substance review and approval
• 30 year MSDS file

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Employee Rights

• Request and receive MSDS within reasonable time
  frame
• Not to be discriminated, disciplined or
  discharged
• File a complaint
• To a hearing if violation is determined
• Have information presented in language you can
  understand

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Non-Routine Tasks Piping Systems

• HazOp review must be performed prior to
  performance of any non-routine task.
• Non-routine tasks are identified as anything you
  dont normally do. Includes employees and
  contractors.
• HazOps ensure all hazards relating to a specific
  task or project are properly identified and
  communicated to protect employee and contractor
  health and safety.
• Piping systems are labeled and/or color coded in
  areas readily accessible to employees.
• Fuel lines - yellow Water lines - green Fire
  sprinklers - red
• Buried piping or runs near ceiling may not be
  labeled.
• Consult supervisor before work.

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Contractor Provisions

• Contractors are afforded the same rights as
  employees
• HazOp reviews must be held prior to work
• Must be informed of task and hazards involving
  hazardous chemicals
• Made familiar with company emergency procedures
• Must supply company with list of hazardous
  substances contractor
• will be using on premises
• Notices must be put up in work area where
  appropriate
• Example Power spray washing with cleaner
• Example Sandblasting
• Example Painting

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Document Availability

• The following will be made available to any
  employee upon request
• Written HazCom program
• Copy of OSHA regulations
• OSHA z-tables of hazardous air contaminates
• Hazardous chemical list
• Contact your supervisor/facilitator for copies
• Personal medical files available through human
  resources
• Exposure monitoring data available through safety
  staff

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Document Availability
MSDS

• Material Safety Data Sheets
• MSDS sheets may be copied and given to employees
  upon request
• Never remove from book
• Only remove for emergency situations

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Labels

• All chemicals must be labeled.
• Some products are exempted from labeling (e.g.
  wood, tobacco, alcohol, food, cosmetics, drugs,
  pesticides, articles, hazardous wastes, articles,
  nuisance particulates, radiation sources,
  biological hazards, agricultural seeds treated
  with pesticides.)
• Labels
• MUST BE ON CONTAINER AT ALL TIMES!!
• Must NEVER BE Removed or Defaced
• Transfers into Smaller Containers ONLY EXEMPT For
  
• Immediate Use (e.g. beaker in lab)
• Person Making Transfer Responsible for Labeling
• Must Use Company Labeling System

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Labels
At a bare bones minimum, labels must contain the
name of the chemical!

• Technically, labels must contain the following
  information
• Name, address and phone number of responsible
  party (manufacturer, supplier, importer)
• Generalized information concerning physical and
  health hazards of product (e.g. Corrosive, Toxic)
• First aid procedures
• Protective measures to be taken to minimize
  hazards
• Must be in English
• No specific format required
• Alternative forms acceptable

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Material Safety Data Sheets THE KEY TO CHEMICAL
HAZARD INFORMATION
MSDS

• Chemical Identity
• List of Ingredients
• (0.1 carcinogens 1 for hazardous
  materials)
• Physical Data
• (pH, odor, Volatiles, etc.)
• Fire Data
• (flammable limits, fire fighting data)
• Health Hazard Data
• (exposure limits, effects, first aid info)

• Reactivity Data
• (stability, decomposition, etc.)
• Spill Leak Procedures
• (absorbents, disposal, etc.)
• Special Protection Information
• (PPE, respirators, equipment)
• Special Precautions
• (storage, use, etc.)
• Other Regulatory Information

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Material Safety Data Sheets THE KEY TO CHEMICAL
HAZARD INFORMATION
MSDS

• MSDS must be on file for all hazardous materials
  before allowed into use.
• New substances must be pre-approved for use.
• New uses of approved substances should be
  approved.

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Example MSDS
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Hazardous Chemical Locations

• Hazardous Chemical List For Facility
• Consult MSDS Index for complete listing of all
  hazardous chemicals and location
• Drums
• Processes
• Storage tanks (ammonia, propane, nitrogen,
  helium, sulfuric acid, oil)

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Chemical Use

• Know the hazards before use
• Wear the appropriate PPE when handling
• (e.g. gloves, acid suit, face shield for
  acid transfers)
• Ensure appropriate controls are functioning
• (e.g. exhaust hood is on when present)
• Use the substance in a manner consistent with its
  labeling.
• Treat all chemicals with respect.
• Never use a chemical unless you know the hazards
  associated with its use and the protective
  measures to be taken.

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Detecting Releases

• Company conducts monitoring when conditions
  warrant. May be done in-house or by outside
  consultant depending on circumstances
• Unusual work area conditions should be
  communicated to supervisor or safety engineer
  immediately
• POSSIBLE RELEASE INDICATORS
• Unusual odors
• Smoke or visible haze
• Abnormally high absenteeism rate
• Employees sick more than normal
• Dead or dying plants, vegetation or local animals
• Neighborhood complaints
• Unusual smell from sewers
• Sound of escaping gas or steam

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Detecting Releases

• Physical Changes Noted In Your Body or Behavior
  May Also Signal Exposure or Over-Exposure to a
  Hazardous Substance and You Should Seek Medical
  Attention if
• Unusual Taste In Mouth or Discolored Tongue or
  Lips
• Skin or Eye Irritation or Rash
• Difficulty Breathing, Seeing or Hearing
• Mucous Membrane, Respiratory or Urinary Tract
  Irritation
• Swelling of Extremities or Loss of Weight
• Abnormal Behavior, Dizziness, Fainting
• Uncontrollable Shaking or Shivering
• Burning Sensation in Nose, Eyes or Throat
• Loss of Weight or Hair
• Any Abnormal Health Conditions

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Protective Measures You Can Take

• Follow all safety rules and policies
• Use laboratory ventilation hoods when working
  with chemicals
• Read the MSDS before using chemical
• Ground flammable liquid containers when
  transferring to another container
• Wear appropriate personal protective equipment
• Report unusual unsafe conditions/acts
• Dont do anything you feel is unsafe, talk with
  you supervisor
• Seek out information on chemicals
• Request additional safety equipment when PPE is
  worn out or unusable
• Know location of safety showers, exits, and
  eyewashes
• Identify piping systems before working on it
• Never use any chemical from an unlabeled
  container
• Always replace lid on container
• Dont accept sales samples without approval

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Where to get more information

• Other training sessions associated with this
  module contain detailed information on MSDS
  sheets, labeling, and Hazardous Materials
  Chemistry
• Safety Engineer
• Facilitator or Supervisor
• Regularly scheduled safety training
• Chemical Manufacturer
• Chemical Distributor
• Contractor Representatives
• Sales Representatives
• OSHA Office

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Part 2

• HAZARDOUS
• MATERIALS
• TRAINING

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Flammables
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Corrosives

• ACIDS
• CAUSTICS
• BASED ON pH

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pH

• A Measurement of a Liquids Acidity or
  Alkalinity

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0
7
14
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
9
10
11
12
13
Acid
Neutral
Alkaline
Extremely Corrosive
Extremely Corrosive
0
7
14
Ammonia (13) Descalers (13) Boiler Treatment
(13.5)
Sulfuric Acid (1.5)
Commercial Cleaners Ammoniated Cleaner (11)
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Acid and Bases

• Never add water to an Acid! Instantaneous release
  of heat will cause explosion and splattering.
• Always add acid to the water.
• Never allow contaminants to enter acid container.
  Explosion can result.

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Specific Gravity

• The Ratio of the Weight of a Volume of Material
  
• to the Weight of an Equal Volume of Water
• (Water 1)

Same Volume
Substance
Water 1

• Gravity Less Than 1 Means Substance Will
• Float on Water
• Gravity Greater Than 1 Means Substance Will
• Sink in Water

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NEVER MIX


DEADLY GAS
AMMONIA
BLEACH / CHLORINE CLEANERS
CONTAINING CLEANERS


DEADLY GAS
AMMONIA CLEANERS
ACIDS BLEACH COMPOUNDS CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
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Health Toxicology

• Two Types of Health Affects
• Acute Short-Term effects on body. Symptoms
  develop immediately or shortly after exposure.
  Effect is usually of short duration.
• Chronic Long-Term effects on body resulting
  from repeated low level exposures with symptoms
  developing slowly over a period of time.
• Examples Drunkenness is the acute effect from
  overindulgence in alcohol. Liver brain damage
  are chronic affects.
• Smoking Acute Wheezing, Shortness of Breath
• Chronic Lung Cancer,
  Emphysema

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Exposure Limits

• Developed to protect you from adverse health
  effects, both acute and chronic. Two main types
• PEL Permissible Exposure Limits determined by
  OSHA for which the majority of persons can be
  exposed to for 8 hours a day, 40 hours a week,
  without experiencing any adverse health effects.
  See OSHA Z-Tables.
• TLV Threshold Limit Values established by the
  American Conference of Governmental Industrial
  Hygienists (ACGIH). Recommended Exposure Limits.
  PELs take precedent over TLVs.
• Both types usually expressed as concentration or
  mass per unit volume (ug/m3).
• PELs have ceiling limits - Can Not Exceed Ever
• TLVs and PELs have STELs - 15 minute Short Term
  Exposure Limits
• Use MSDS recommendations in absence of PEL/TLV

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Toxic Effects

• Based on Actual Case Studies and Animal
  Experiments That Are Extrapolated to Infer
  Expected Effects on Humans
• LD50 Lethal Dose of chemical substance in which
  50 of the test animals are expected to die from
  oral, dermal, or absorption routes of exposure.
  Expressed in milligrams per kilograms of the
  animal tested.
• LC50 Lethal Concentration of chemical substance
  in which 50 of the test animals are expected to
  die from exposure to airborne concentrations.
  Expressed in units of weight, milligrams or
  micrograms, per volume of air, usually cubic
  meters and specifies time period, usually 1 or 4
  hours.

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Toxic Effects

• Corrosive Liquid or solid that causes visible
  destruction or irreversible alterations in human
  tissue. Usually thought of as a Physical Hazard.
• Examples Acids, Flux, Caustics, Hydroxides,
  Ammonia
• Irritant Inflammatory response of eye, skin or
  respiratory system
• Examples Smoke, Dusts, Almost all Chemical
  Vapors
• Sensitizer Can become sensitized after just one
  exposure if you are susceptible. Skin
  sensitization is most common form.
• Examples Isocyanates used in Plastics and
  Resins
• Neurotoxin Capable of causing neurological
  damage to the central nervous system, usually
  only after long-term over exposures.
• Examples Many Solvents

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Toxic Effects

• Teratogen Of concern to women. Compound or
  agent capable of causing malformations of fetus
  skeleton and soft tissues.
• Examples Mercury/Cerebral Palsy Lead PCBs
• Mutagen Compound or agent capable of causing
  genetic and chromosomal damage resulting in
  mutations capable of being passed on from
  generation to generation.
• Examples Lead Ionizing Radiation
  Ultra-Violet Light
• Carcinogen Compound or agent capable of causing
  cancer.
• Example Benzene (Component of gasoline)
• Example Cadmium Metal Fumes (Lead is a
  suspected carcinogen)
• Example Formaldehyde