Acids and alkalis

1
Acids and alkalis
INDEX

• Key Stage 3 Science
• Saturday, 14 November 2009

2
Index

• Lesson 1 Household chemicals
• Homework task 1
• Lesson 2 Acids and alkalis in the laboratory
• Homework task 2
• Lesson 3 Neutralising
• Homework task 3
• Lesson 4 What gas is produced when hydrochloric
  acid and magnesium carbonate react?
• Homework task 4
• Lesson 5 Assessment
• Lesson 6 How did you get on?

3
Lesson 1 Household chemicals
INDEX

• Are there any dangerous chemicals at home?

4
Order of the lesson

• Hazard reminder.
• Demonstration of marble chip in acid.
• Demonstration of acidity testing.
• Practical Acidity testing recording results.
• Hazard labels.
• Checking household products for hazards.
• Discussion about poisons and other hazards.

5
HAZARD!
INDEX
Your teacher will be using strong acid. Acids can
damage your skin and eyes.
Report accidents immediately. Flush with plenty
of water.
Indicators are poisonous
6
Equipment
INDEX

• For demonstration
• Dilute sulphuric acid and HAZCARD HAZARD
• Marble chips
• (if very mild acid is used, substitute NaHCO3)
• For students in groups
• Vinegar, lemon juice, cola, toothpaste,
  indigestion medicine, washing soda, baking
  powder, bleach. HAZARDS
• Universal indicator (paper) HAZARD
• Droppers (bulb pipettes)
• Litmus (red blue)
• Spotting tiles
• Household chemical containers with hazard labels

7
Getting started
INDEX
Sulphuric acid
Marble chip
8
Objectives
INDEX

• that many household materials are acids and are
  not hazardous
• That some household materials are hazardous
• Learn about indicators.

9
RECORDING

• Computer labcast

• Bookwork

• Set up a title page for this labcast. Acids and
  Alkalis.
• Set up a section heading for todays assignment.
  Are there any dangerous chemicals at home?

• Title Are there any dangerous chemicals at
  home?

10
Practical 1
INDEX

• Demonstration first Testing household chemicals
  to see if theyre acid.
• Universal indicator
• Caution! Using pipettes and using indicator.
• Now its your turn.
• Record your results as a table.

11
HAZARD LABELS
INDEX

• HSE WEBSITE

12
Part 2
INDEX

• Checking hazard labels Do any household products
  have hazard labels? Do any of them suggest
  medical action?
• Record what you found out about household
  chemicals.

13
Homework task 1
INDEX

• Homework A

• Homework B

• Some plants prefer soil that is acid. Other
  prefer soil that is alkaline. Gardeners test
  their soil to check the acidity.
• Find out which plants prefer acid soils and which
  prefer alkali soils.
• BBC Gardening

• Your teacher will set homework using your
  revision workbook.

Link to printable page
14
Homework 1 printable page

• Homework task 1
• Some plants prefer soil that is acid. Other
  prefer soil that is alkaline. Gardeners test
  their soil to check the acidity.
• Find out which plants prefer acid soils and which
  prefer alkali soils.

• Homework task 1
• Some plants prefer soil that is acid. Other
  prefer soil that is alkaline. Gardeners test
  their soil to check the acidity.
• Find out which plants prefer acid soils and which
  prefer alkali soils.

• Homework task 1
• Some plants prefer soil that is acid. Other
  prefer soil that is alkaline. Gardeners test
  their soil to check the acidity.
• Find out which plants prefer acid soils and which
  prefer alkali soils.

• Homework task 1
• Some plants prefer soil that is acid. Other
  prefer soil that is alkaline. Gardeners test
  their soil to check the acidity.
• Find out which plants prefer acid soils and which
  prefer alkali soils.

• Homework task 1
• Some plants prefer soil that is acid. Other
  prefer soil that is alkaline. Gardeners test
  their soil to check the acidity.
• Find out which plants prefer acid soils and which
  prefer alkali soils.

• Homework task 1
• Some plants prefer soil that is acid. Other
  prefer soil that is alkaline. Gardeners test
  their soil to check the acidity.
• Find out which plants prefer acid soils and which
  prefer alkali soils.

• Homework task 1
• Some plants prefer soil that is acid. Other
  prefer soil that is alkaline. Gardeners test
  their soil to check the acidity.
• Find out which plants prefer acid soils and which
  prefer alkali soils.

• Homework task 1
• Some plants prefer soil that is acid. Other
  prefer soil that is alkaline. Gardeners test
  their soil to check the acidity.
• Find out which plants prefer acid soils and which
  prefer alkali soils.

• Homework task 1
• Some plants prefer soil that is acid. Other
  prefer soil that is alkaline. Gardeners test
  their soil to check the acidity.
• Find out which plants prefer acid soils and which
  prefer alkali soils.

15
Lesson 2 Acids and alkalis in the laboratory
INDEX

• How do we handle dangerous chemicals in school?

16
Equipment
LESSON 2
INDEX

• For demonstration
• Conical flask with glass tube and bung as shown
  on getting started slide.
• Sodium hydrogen carbonate powder

• For students working in groups
• Lemon juice
• Citric acid
• Sulphuric acid (HAZARD)
• Hydrochloric acid (HAZARD)
• Washing up liquid
• Washing soda (HAZARD)
• Tap water
• Spotting tiles
• Bulb pipettes
• Universal indicator

17
Objectives
LESSON 2
INDEX

• Learning about how acidic different chemicals are
• Discover the names of some ordinary laboratory
  acids
• Learn about the hazards and how to deal with them
• explain that if water is added to an acid or
  alkali it dilutes it and the solution becomes
  less hazardous

18
WARNING!
INDEX

• Todays lesson is potentially hazardous.
• Follow instructions carefully.
• Listen to safety instructions.
• Acids and alkalis on skin, clothes or eyes must
  be reported immediately. Your teacher will take
  action!
• Eye protection must be worn throughout the
  practical (even if your group has finished).
• Wash hands after lesson.

LESSON 2
19
Recording

• Bookwork

• Computer labcast

• Title in exercise book How do we handle
  dangerous chemicals in school?

• Set up a section heading How do we handle
  dangerous chemicals in school?

20
Working safely
INDEX

• After use, the indicator paper may be hazardous!
• Put the indicator papers into a beaker of water.
• If chemical gets on your table report it
  immediately.

21
INSTRUCTIONS
LESSON 2

• EYE PROTECTION FIRST
• You have a number of different chemicals to test
  to see if they are acid, alkaline or neutral.
• Test each substance carefully with UI and LITMUS
  following safety instructions.
• Record the names of the substance and your
  results (_pH)

• Substances to test
• Lemon juice
• Citric acid
• Sulphuric acid (HAZARD)
• Hydrochloric acid (HAZARD)
• Washing up liquid
• Washing soda (HAZARD)
• Tap water

• Learning about how acidic different chemicals are
• Discover the names of some ordinary laboratory
  acids
• Learn about the hazards and how to deal with them

INDEX
22
RECORDING
LESSON 2

• Make a list of what hazards there were and what
  precautions you took.
• Record your results as a table.
• Add photographs and diagrams if you can.

• Learning about how acidic different chemicals are
• Discover the names of some ordinary laboratory
  acids
• Learn about the hazards and how to deal with them

INDEX
23
Homework
LESSON 2

• Check which homework you should do.
• Your teacher may set certain pages in the
  revision workbook.
• Or
• Find out the names of some more common acids and
  what they are used for. Make a table of these in
  your book.

• Learning about how acidic different chemicals are
• Discover the names of some ordinary laboratory
  acids
• Learn about the hazards and how to deal with them

INDEX
24
PLENARY
LESSON 2

• Working in groups. Groups will report as follows
• Group 1 What are the hazards?
• Group 2 What are the precautions?
• Group 3 What actions should be taken if theres
  an accident?
• Group 4 Which of the chemicals were acidic?
• Group 5 Which of the substances were alkaline?
• Group 6 What does neutral mean?
• Group 7 What is an indicator?
• Group 8 What do the colours mean when you use
  Universal Indicator?

• Learning about how acidic different chemicals are
• Discover the names of some ordinary laboratory
  acids
• Learn about the hazards and how to deal with them

INDEX
25
Lesson 3 neutralising
INDEX

• Can we neutralise an acid?

26
Equipment
INDEX

• For students to use in groups
• Sodium hydrogen carbonate / baking powder
• Eye protection
• Clear vinegar
• Sulphuric acid (very dilute) and Hazcard HAZARD
• Universal indicator solution with bulb pipettes
• Colour cards for Universal Indicator solution
  (these are not the same as for papers)
• Spatulas
• Glass stirring rods
• Boiling tubes in rack
• Very small measuring cylinders
• Handouts
• For demonstration
• In bottles sulphuric acid, tap water, washing
  soda
• Universal indicator solution
• Bulb pipette

27
Objectives
INDEX

• Learn how you can measure acidity with UNIVERSAL
  INDICATOR solution.
• Check your ability to work safely with acids.
• Check your ability to measure quantities of
  liquids accurately
• Learn how you can neutralise an acid.

28
Recording

• New section title Can we neutralise an acid?
• Obtain a copy of THE PERIODIC TABLE. Paste it in.

29
Instructions
INDEX

• Your teacher will check the HAZCARD with you
• Set up your bench put on eye protection
• Check all safety precautions (including how
  equipment should be washed)
• Measure out the correct volume of Sulphuric Acid
  and gently pour it into a boiling tube.
• Add a few drops of Universal indicator solution
  as shown
• Slowly add Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate powder.
  (Tiny amounts) Record the changes in acidity.
• Stop when the acid is neutral

Learn how you can measure acidity with UNIVERSAL
INDICATOR solution. Check your ability to work
safely with acids. Check your ability to measure
liquids accurately Learn how you can neutralise
an acid.
30
recording

• What were the hazards in todays assignment? What
  precautions did you take?
• Describe exactly what you did in an ordered list.
• Describe how you were able to tell when the
  solution became neutral.
• Add photographs, diagrams or video.

31
Homework
INDEX

• HOMEWORK A

• HOMEWORK B

• In todays lesson you used
• Sulphuric acid (H2SO4)
• Sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3)
• Look at your copy of the periodic table. Visual
  periodic table.
• Make a list of the elements in sulphuric acid
• Make a list of the elements in sodium hydrogen
  carbonate

• You teacher may set certain pages to do in your
  workbook.

32
Checking your learning
INDEX
33
Lesson 4
INDEX

• What gas is produced when magnesium carbonate and
  hydrochloric acid react?

34
Equipment
INDEX

• For students to use in groups one for the
  teacher.
• Hydrochloric acid (dilute) with Hazcard. HAZARD
• Magnesium carbonate.
• Glassware (see diagram)
• Eye protection

35
Objectives
INDEX

• Learn how to set up more complicated experiments.
• Revise how to work safely with hazardous
  chemicals.
• Learn about the reaction between acids and
  carbonates.
• Learn how to test for Carbon Dioxide (CO²)

36
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
INDEX

• Check the safety sheet in your book.
• Be calm and careful in the laboratory.
• Stand during the test and push stools under
  table.
• Wear eye protection throughout the test.

Learn how to set up more complicated
experiments. Revise how to work safely with
hazardous chemicals. Learn about the reaction
between acids and carbonates. Learn how to test
for Carbon Dioxide (CO²)
37
RECORDING

• Section title What gas is produced when
  magnesium carbonate and hydrochloric acid react?
  
• Clearly state what the hazards and safety
  precautions are.

38
Instructions
INDEX

• SAFETY!
• Set up the equipment as shown in the diagram.
• Support the conical flask and the test tube with
  clamp stands.
• Does the rate of bubbling change during the
  test?
• What happens to the lime water?
• Do not clear away until instructed.

• OBJECTIVES
• Learn how to set up more complicated experiments.
• Revise how to work safely with hazardous
  chemicals.
• Learn about the reaction between acids and
  carbonates.
• Learn how to test for Carbon Dioxide (CO²)

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Clearing away EYE PROTECTION stays on!
INDEX

• The acid is still hazardous. Your teacher will
  instruct you how to safely deal with it.
• Remember that the tube, bung and conical flask
  also have acid on.
• When every group is clear, you may remove your
  eye protection and put it away.

Learn how to set up more complicated
experiments. Revise how to work safely with
hazardous chemicals. Learn about the reaction
between acids and carbonates. Learn how to test
for Carbon Dioxide (CO²)
40
RECORDING
INDEX

• Draw a diagram of the setup. About ½ page. (or
  import)
• Label the parts and the chemicals.
• Add annotation to describe what gas was made in
  the reaction and how you know.
• Complete the evaluation paste it in.

HOMEWORK PRINTABLE PAGE
Learn how to set up more complicated
experiments. Revise how to work safely with
hazardous chemicals. Learn about the reaction
between acids and carbonates. Learn how to test
for Carbon Dioxide (CO²)
41
HOMEWORK PRINTABLE SHEET
Your teacher may set pages from the revision
workbook instead.

• Draw a diagram of the setup. About ½ page.
• Label the parts and the chemicals.
• Add annotation to describe what gas was made in
  the reaction and how you know.
• Complete the evaluation -fix it into your book.

• Draw a diagram of the setup. About ½ page.
• Label the parts and the chemicals.
• Add annotation to describe what gas was made in
  the reaction and how you know.
• Complete the evaluation -fix it into your book.

• Draw a diagram of the setup. About ½ page.
• Label the parts and the chemicals.
• Add annotation to describe what gas was made in
  the reaction and how you know.
• Complete the evaluation -fix it into your book.

• Draw a diagram of the setup. About ½ page.
• Label the parts and the chemicals.
• Add annotation to describe what gas was made in
  the reaction and how you know.
• Complete the evaluation -fix it into your book.

• Draw a diagram of the setup. About ½ page.
• Label the parts and the chemicals.
• Add annotation to describe what gas was made in
  the reaction and how you know.
• Complete the evaluation -fix it into your book.

• Draw a diagram of the setup. About ½ page.
• Label the parts and the chemicals.
• Add annotation to describe what gas was made in
  the reaction and how you know.
• Complete the evaluation -fix it into your book.

• Draw a diagram of the setup. About ½ page.
• Label the parts and the chemicals.
• Add annotation to describe what gas was made in
  the reaction and how you know.
• Complete the evaluation -fix it into your book.

• Draw a diagram of the setup. About ½ page.
• Label the parts and the chemicals.
• Add annotation to describe what gas was made in
  the reaction and how you know.
• Complete the evaluation -fix it into your book.

42
Evaluation
INDEX
43
Lesson 5
INDEX

• Assessment

44
Checking your test paper
INDEX

• How did you get on?
• Are there any learning gaps?
• Did you read the questions accurately?