Corn and Soybean

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Corn and Soybean Management Issues
Riverland Community CollegeDecember 6, 2006 Lynn
Lagerstedt
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What Makes a Person a Successful Farmer?

• Paying attention to detail

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One Observation

• Many fields with headlands stronger than the
  field.

Why?
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Guidelines for use of Nitrogen-Fertilizer (Corn)
University of Minnesota Nitrogen Suggestions
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Impact of Reducing Rates of Spring-applied
Nitrogen
Information from the Iowa Soybean Association

• Corn producers at 143 sites compared normal rate
  of Nitrogen to 50 lb N/acre less in replicated
  two-treatment precision farming trials that
  covered at least 20 acres
• Fertilizer N usually was applied shortly before
  or after planting
• All fields were corn following soybeans

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Impact of Reducing Rates of Spring-applied
Nitrogen
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Nitrogen Rate Guidelines

• FORM
• Commercial nitrogen source at discretion of
  producer
• All nitrogen sources (ex. MAP, DAP, liquid
  starters, etc.) must be accounted for in final
  nitrogen application rates
• Anhydrous ammonia only for fall applications

Guidelines for Minnesota Nutrient Management
Initiative
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Nitrogen Rate Guidelines

• TIMING AND PLACEMENT
• A farm can have a fall-applied site, a
  spring-applied site, or split application site
  but not in combination within the same site.
  Timing will be held constant across a site
  relative to season of application.
• Fall AA applications will be delayed until the
  soil temperature remains below 50 F at 6-inch
  depth

Guidelines for Minnesota Nutrient Management
Initiative
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Nitrogen Rate Guidelines

• TIMING AND PLACEMENT (cont)
• Use a nitrification inhibitor with fall and
  pre-plant nitrogen applications if soils poorly
  drained and soil moisture levels are high near
  the surface
• Side-dress application before corn reaches a 12
  inch height
• If split applications one of the applications
  must be of equal rate over entire demonstration
  site
• Spring pre-plant Urea and/or UAN applications
  incorporated within 3 days on NRCS strips

Guidelines for Minnesota Nutrient Management
Initiative
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Nitrogen Trial

• Conducted by the University of Minnesota in
  Fillmore County

30 lb N/A preplant as urea plus 60 lb N/A
sidedressed with UAN at V6 stage
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Nitrogen Observations

• High organic matter soils
• Nitrogen as Anhydrous Ammonia Spring pre-plant or
  sidedress produced good results with 100 lbs
  actual Nitrogen
• Urea at 100lbs N/acre resulted in N deficiency
• Low organic matter soils
• Anhydrous Ammonia at 100 lbs/acre resulted in N
  deficiency

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Goodhue County K Plots 1997
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"K-Profile" Fertility Stratification
History of Moldboard Plow
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"K-Profile" Fertility Stratification
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Potassium Deficiency (corn)
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Potassium Deficiency (corn)
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Potassium Deficiency (corn)
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Potassium Deficiency (soybeans)
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Aerial Image and Potassium Test
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Weed Control
How important is it to rotate herbicides?

• Weed resistance to herbicides
• Weed adaptation
• Shift in weed species

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Weed Control
Corn weed control programs that work

• Woolly Cupgrass
• Reduced rate of soil-applied grass herbicide
  followed by a reduced rate of Accent/Steadfast

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Weed Control
Corn weed control programs that work

• Giant Ragweed
• 2,4-D at a low rate when corn is spike to 2-leaf,
  followed by a planned broadleaf herbicide

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Weed Control
Soybeans

• Soil applied herbicide followed by post-emergence
  herbicide
• DNA (Treflan, Prowl)
• Boundary (Dual, Sencor)
• Authority
• Is it available?

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Soybean Diseases

• Phytophthora Root Rot
• Soybean Cyst Nematode
• Anthracnose
• Brown Stem Rot
• White Mold
• Sudden Death Syndrome (SDS)
• Asian Rust

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2006 Farm-Tech Test Plots

• Top 5 in Average Yield
• Dekalb 51-45 209.5 bu/ac
• Garst 8745 207.9 bu/ac
• LG Seeds 2533 206.3 bu/ac
• Crows 4S502 204.6 bu/ac
• Dekalb 52-47 203.2 bu/ac

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2006 Farm-Tech Test Plots

• Top 5 in Return over Drying Cost
• Dekalb 51-45 602.52/ac
• Garst 8745 602.20/ac
• Crows 4S502 591.66/ac
• Dekalb 52-47 587.77/ac
• Dekalb 46-26 586.39/ac

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2006 Farm-Tech Test Plots

• Top 5 in Return over Seed and Drying Cost
• Garst 8745 548.20/ac
• Dekalb 46-26 539.23/ac
• Dekalb 51-45 537.36/ac
• AgVenture 5544 528.99/ac
• Renk 772 528.72/ac

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How do they compare?

• Average Yield
• Dekalb 51-45
• Garst 8745
• LG Seeds 2533
• Crows 4S502
• Dekalb 52-47

• Return over Drying Seed
• Garst 8745
• Dekalb 46-26
• Dekalb 51-45
• AgVenture 5544
• Renk 772

(10) (6) (7)
(13) (6) (8)
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Perimeter Mapping
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Phosphate
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Phosphate
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Potassium
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Potassium
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pH
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Thank you!
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• Any Questions?