Earth Materials

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Earth Materials
The Rock Cycle
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(1)

• Particles get washed into the sea and settle at
  the bottom as sediment

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(2)

• The sediments get crushed into sedimentary rock
  over millions of years. They become buried and
  compressed

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(3)

• Uplift occurs. This is when the sedimentary
  rocks rise back to the surface

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(4)

• After the sedimentary rocks are buried, they sink
  deeper into more heat and pressure. This changes
  the structure of the rocks which then become
  metamorphic rocks

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(5)

• Uplift occurs. This is when the metamorphic
  rocks rise back to the surface

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(6)

• Metamorphic rocks sink deeper into the Earth.
  Eventually it gets so hot that they melt and
  become magma

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(7)

• The magma reaches the surface. Here, it cools
  and becomes solid. It is now igneous rock
• If the rock comes out of a volcano it is
  extrusive igneous rock
• If it becomes solid below the surface of the
  ground, it is called intrusive igneous rock

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(8)

• When the rocks reach the surface, weathering
  occurs and the rocks get worn away again. They
  enter the sea and the cycle starts again

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Examples of Metamorphic Rocks
Marble
Slate
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Examples of Igneous Rocks
Basalt
Pink Granite
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Examples of Sedimentary Rocks
Sandstone
Shale
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Lava
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Weathering

• This is the action of wind, rain, water, ice,
  frost and chemicals on the surface of a rock

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Erosion and Transport

• Weathering causes the rock to wear away (erode)
  and the surface of the rock breaks up into
  smaller pieces
• These pieces are carried (transported) by the
  wind and sea and deposited in other places.

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