General Introduction: Technological Issues

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General Introduction Technological Issues
Reinhard Altenhöner Die Deutsche Bibliothek,
Frankfurt am Main, Germany altenhoener_at_dbf.ddb.de
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Complex storage systems
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Binary Code

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  10101010101010101010100010101010101010101001110000
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  01110101110010101011100011010101010100011010101010
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Archiving the bit stream

• Digital information is stored as a bit stream on
  physical media
• Storage media types change quickly and are
  subject to obsolescence
• Storage media are unstable and can degrade quickly

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Substantial preservation I

• Starting point for all following activities,
  depends from
• Stability of the data-carrier
• Copying (refreshing)
• Migration of the data carriere.g. magnetic --gt
  optical
• Risk management

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Substantial preservation II

• Factors of disturbance
• the mass of data
• ? automation
• unexpected material behavior
• ? current material observation (in general
  technology watch)
• failures in copy procedures
• ? strictly control of the processes
• copy protection, DRM
• ? no solution until today ...

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Interpretation of Code

• The Rosetta Stone
• 196 a. Chr.
• founded 1799
• Today British Museum, London

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Technical key issues

• ? Migration
• Emulation
• Standardization

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Migration (1)
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Migration (2)

• Advantages
• Well-tried strategy
• just in case ??!!
• Disadvantages
• No end
• Barriers
• Risk to fake the data
• Risk to lost information

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Emulation (1)
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Emulation (2)

• Advantages
• Objects are preserved without change
• Calculable amounts
• For all digital objects
• Disadvantages
• High investment necessary for RD
• Business value??!!
• feasibility

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Migration / Emulation in production in DDB
eg. C64 / AMIGA
Original System 1988
Migration
Target System 2002
img
Emulation OS
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Rendering objects

• We need information about the production
  environment of the given object
• Software
• Technical context
• Embedded objects
• Metadata (they also have to be considered in the
  long-term preservation)

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Standardization
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Archiving of net-publications
DEPOSIT- SYSTEM
Object-specific metadata Data
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Metadata

• Specific Preservation Metadata are necessary to
  ensure that information can be rendered in the
  future? Metadata about
• Provenance
• Structure
• File Format(s)
• Technical Environment
• Rights
• How much metadata can be extracted automatically
  during ingest process?
• Tools needed!

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Additional remarks

• Migration of the metadata
• Digital information can be easily changed
• ? Threats to the authenticity and integrity of
  the resources
• Long-term preservation of metadata