Midterm Review

1
Midterm Review

• Checking major errors, pronouns, verbs,
• parallel form, and essay formation.

2
What are major sentence errors?

• Four major errors destroy sentences.
• A splice occurs if a comma wrongly replaces a
  period.
• A run-on happens when we forget to use a period.
• A fragment occurs when an extra period is used.
• S-V mismatches happen when subjects dont match
  verbs.

• Is it a splice, a run-on, a fragment, or an S-V
  error?
• __1. Some students write more, others seem to
  write much less.
• __2. Many kinds of writing assignments long,
  short, and even medium.
• __3. Bob and Brenda takes more vacations than
  anyone else could.
• __4. They go on cruises wherever its good, they
  have been there.

3
Here are major sentence errors

• Is it a splice, a run-on, a fragment, or an S-V
  error?
• CS 1. Some students write more, others seem to
  write much less.
• FR 2. Many kinds of writing assignments long,
  short, and even medium.
• SV 3. Bob and Brenda takes more vacations than
  anyone else could.
• RO 4. They go on cruises wherever its good, they
  have been there.

4
Can you find splices and run-ons?

• Identify each sentence as Splice, Run-on, or OK
• __1. Yesterday morning, the motor of Davids car
  flooded, it didnt start.
• __2. He arrived at college a little late his math
  class had already started.
• __3. The teacher had picked up the quizzes David
  missed the points.
• __4. Ignoring the teachers careless attitude,
  David bravely asked for the quiz.
• __5. The professor told David that he was too
  late, the quiz time was already over.

5
You can find splices and run-ons!

• Splice, Run-on, and OK
• S 1. Yesterday morning, the motor of Davids car
  flooded, it didnt start.
• R 2. He arrived at college a little late_ his
  math class had already started.
• C 3. The teacher had picked up the quizzes David
  missed the points.
• C 4. Ignoring the teachers careless attitude,
  David bravely asked for the quiz.
• S 5. The professor told David that he was too
  late, the quiz time was already over.

Another sentence fragment!
6
Can you identify fragments?

• 1. Although most of the class understood the
  question.
• 2. Mona didnt even know it was a question.
• 3. Looking blankly at the instructor.
• 4. She didnt answer at anything all.
• 5. The professor thought she might be very dumb,
  but hoped that she would wake up.

Whats missing here?
7
You can identify fragments

• F 1. Although most of the class understood the
  question.
• S 2. Mona didnt even know it was a question.
• F 3. Looking blankly at the instructor.
• S 4. She didnt answer at anything all.
• S 5. The professor thought she might be very
  dumb, but hoped that she would wake up.

8
Can you match subjects to verbs?

• Add verbs in their correct forms
• Ninety miles ___ a long way to drive.
• A number of people ___ sitting down.
• Each of the workers ___ given equipment.
• Neither of us ___ what to do with it.
• My friend, in addition to yours, ___ help.
• There __ several miles between us and that.
• Economics __ studying marketplace finance.
• The number of students in class __ increasing.
• Ed and Zoe __ how to drive very fast.
• The team __ when it __ together.

9
You can match subjects to verbs

• Verbs added in their correct forms
• Ninety miles is a long way to drive.
• A number of people are sitting down.
• Each of the workers is given equipment.
• Neither of us knows what to do with it.
• My friend, in addition to yours, needs help.
• There are several miles between us and that.
• Economics is studying marketplace finance.
• The number of students in class is increasing.
• Ed and Zoe know how to drive very fast.
• The team wins when it plays together.

10
Can you avoid weak pronoun use?

• 5. Using cell phones causes auto accidents.
• People using cell phones, it causes car
  accidents.
• Driving while you are talking on the cell phone
  should be illegal.
• Driving while talking on a cell phone should be
  illegal.

• Although the motorcycle hit the tree, the bike
  was not damaged.
• Although the motorcycle hit the tree, it was not
  damaged.
• They shouldnt show violence on TV.
• TV violence shouldnt be shown.

Which alternate makes more sense?
11
You can avoid vague pronoun use

• 5. Using cell phones causes auto accidents.
• People using cell phones, it causes car
  accidents.
• Driving while you are talking on the cell phone
  should be illegal.
• Driving while talking on a cell phone should be
  illegal.

• Although the motorcycle hit the tree, the bike
  was not damaged.
• Although the motorcycle hit the tree, it was not
  damaged.
• They shouldnt show violence on TV.
• TV violence shouldnt be shown.

12
What errors are in irregular verbs?

• Present verb used for the past verb
• Then she run there.
• Then she ran there.
• They came to me.
• They come to me.
• Over-regularized past tense verbs
• Everyone knowed him.
• Everyone knew him.
• They drank Cokes.
• They drinked Cokes.

• 1. Past verb used for a past participle
• I had went down.
• I had gone down.
• She has taken it.
• She has took it.
• Past participle used for a past verb
• He done the work.
• He did the work.
• She saw it there.
• She seen it there.

Is there a time shift here?
13
Here are the correct verb forms

• Present verb used for the past verb
• Then she run there.
• Then she ran there.
• They came to me.
• They come to me.
• Over-regularized past tense verbs
• Everyone knowed him.
• Everyone knew him.
• They drank Cokes.
• They drinked Cokes.

• 1. Past verb used for a past participle
• I had went down.
• I had gone down.
• She has taken it.
• She has took it.
• Past participle used for a past verb
• He done the work.
• He did the work.
• She saw it there.
• She seen it there.

Is there a time shift here?
14
Can you use verbals correctly?

• How many books are you (carry) __ to class?
• Do you have a way of (get) to college?
• Alfredo knows how (get) __ 70 on Compass
  English.
• Have you (forget) __ anything that you need?
• 5. The students have (take) __ the survey already.

• We have (see) __ the results theyre good.
• Hope has (burn) her mothers cake.
• Eunice has (buy) her essay online.
• Kevin would have (rise) early if he had (hear)
  the alarm.
• Clark had (fly) from Atlanta to Chicago when the
  plane (hit) turbulence.

15
You can use verbals correctly

• How many books are you carrying to class?
• Do you have a way of getting to college?
• Ryan knows how to get 70 on Compass English.
• Have you forgotten anything that you need?
• 5. Students have taken the survey already.

• We have seen the results theyre good.
• Hope has burnt her mothers cake.
• Eunice has not bought her essay online.
• Kevin would have risen early if he had heard the
  alarm.
• Clark had flown from Atlanta to Chicago when the
  plane hit turbulence.

16
Do you use past participles?

• Have you (see) ___ my car keys?
• No, where have you (lay) ___ them?
• I havent (find) ___ them yet!
• Well, have you (try) __ the table?
• Oh, have you (drive) ___ my car?
• Sure, I have (test) ___ it out lots of times!

What change does the horse really want?
17
Do you use past participles?

• Have you seen my car keys?
• No, where have you laid them?
• I havent found them yet!
• Well, have you tried the table?
• Oh, have you driven my car?
• Sure, I have tested it out lots of times!

What change does the horse really want?
18
What are parallel structures?

• Use the same pattern of words to show that two or
  more ideas are at the same level of importance.
• Parallel structures are connected with
  coordinators such as "and" or "or.
• Not we like to swim, to hike, and riding.
• But we like to swim, to hike, and to ride.

• Which are parallel?
• __1. Cory likes listening to music and reading
  the latest novels.
• __2. He spent his time studying Spanish. working
  at the store, and he jogged every afternoon.
• __3. The dog was excited running, barking, and
  chasing after boys.

19
What are parallel structures?

• Use the same pattern of words to show that two or
  more ideas are at the same level of importance.
• Parallel structures are connected with
  coordinators such as "and" or "or.
• Not we like to swim, to hike, and riding.
• But we like to swim, to hike, and to ride.

• Which are parallel?
• PR 1. Cory likes listening to music and reading
  the latest novels.
• NP 2. He spent his time studying Spanish. working
  at the store, and he jogged every afternoon.
• PR 3. The dog was excited running, barking, and
  chasing after boys.

20
Which sentences support the topic?

• Topic sentence
• College helps students develop career-related
  skills.

__1. Speech class encourages students to build
the public speaking ability that many professions
require. __2. Physical activity courses allow
students to relax from the intellectual rigors of
the classroom. __3. Writing lets students process
logical thoughts in formal English as required in
many careers. __4. Art class develops the
students sense of free creative expression. __5.
College algebra expands the students ability to
process numerical data, a skill many positions
require.
Also, do these support sentences answer who, why,
what, or how?
21
The sentences that support the topic

• Topic sentence
• College helps students develop career-related
  skills.

__1. Speech class encourages students to build
the public speaking ability that many professions
demand. __2. Physical activity courses allow
students to relax from the intellectual rigors of
the classroom. __3. Writing lets students process
logical thoughts in formal English as needed in
many careers. __4. Art class develops the
students sense of free creative expression. __5.
College algebra expands the students ability to
process numerical data, a skill many positions
require.
These support sentences answer what and how.
22
Can you select the correct ending?

• College helps students develop career-related
  skills. Speech class encourages students to build
  the public speaking ability that many professions
  require. Writing lets students process logical
  thoughts in formal English as required in almost
  all careers.
• College algebra expands the students ability to
  process numerical data, a skill many positions
  require.
• Which ending best suits this paragraph?
• __1. Other skills such as art and music are also
  useful.
• __2. College can also help students develop
  social skills.
• __3. Thus, college builds many career-related
  abilities.

23
Can you select the correct ending?

• College helps students develop career-related
  skills. Speech class encourages students to build
  the public speaking ability that many professions
  require. Writing lets students process logical
  thoughts in formal English as required in almost
  all careers.
• College algebra expands the students ability to
  process numerical data, a skill many positions
  require.
• This ending best suits this paragraph
• __1. Other skills such as art and music are also
  useful.
• __2. College can also help students develop
  social skills.
• __3. Thus, college builds many career-related
  abilities.