ENG236: C Programming Environment (2)

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ENG236 C Programming Environment (2)
THE HONG KONG POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY
Rocky K. C. Chang
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Computer Programming and Basic Software
Engineering
2. A Taste of C
Programming Environment

• Before doing any C programming, first we need
  to familiarize with the programming environment.
• A programming environment is a software package
  that can help us develop and test program codes.
• For PC, one of the most popular programming
  environments is Microsoft Visual Studio.
• It is more popular because of its direct support
  to the Microsoft Windows environment.

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Computer Programming and Basic Software
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Visual Studio .NET

• Visual C is one of the components of the
  umbrella product Visual Studio, which also
  contains development tools for other programming
  languages, e.g. Visual Basic, Visual J, etc.
• Visual Studio has been for sale for more than 10
  years.
• The latest version is Visual Studio .NET. The C
  compiler that is incorporated is Visual C .NET.
• Additional features include
• Produce managed codes that run in the .NET
  runtime
• Allow the use of .NET class library.

Second semester
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Computer Programming and Basic Software
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2. A Taste of C
Visual Studio Solution and Project

• In Visual Studio, each user task is referred to
  as a solution to a problem.
• A solution refers to the computer resource (such
  as memory, disk space, etc.) required for one or
  more projects to complete the task.
• Every project contains
• executable code and debug information
• files containing the C programs
• classes and objects used in the project
• other related resources such as
• icon images used in the project
• graphical user interface (GUI), e.g. button, menu.

They are all in files
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Computer Programming and Basic Software
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Files
Solution
Project 1

• A Solution must contain at least one Project

• A Project must contain at least one File

Project 2
Project 3
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Display resources of the solution, such as,
projects and files inside
Source Program Editing
Display compilation results
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Computer Programming and Basic Software
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Visual Studio - Project Example

• Solution Explorer allows us to clearly see the
  different files included in the project

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Computer Programming and Basic Software
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Visual Studio - Project Example
Program can be typed here
Built result (result of compiling and linking)
shown here
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Computer Programming and Basic Software
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2. A Taste of C
Build your first project - HelloWorld

• Building a project means to produce target
  executable files (.exe files) based on the
  program codes.
• Project can be built to execute in console or
  windows mode
• Console mode Use the Command Prompt for
  in/output
• Windows mode Use the Windows environment for
  program execution.

Second semester
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Computer Programming and Basic Software
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2. A Taste of C

• Command Prompt
• It is a traditional interface between the user
  and computer
• User types in commands to instruct computer to
  work.

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Computer Programming and Basic Software
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Build your first project - HelloWorld

• Hello.cpp File containing a C program that
  prints a message Hello World! on the console
  output.

include ltiostreamgt int main() stdcout ltlt
"Hello World!" ltlt stdendl return 0
The returned type of main() must be declared in
Visual Studio .NET 2005
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Computer Programming and Basic Software
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Step 1
Start the Visual Studio .NET 2005 Click New
Project
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Computer Programming and Basic Software
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Step 2
Note where you create this project
You can modify the location of the files of your
project.
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Step 3
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Step 4
Right-click Source Files, select Add ? New Item
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Step 5
Choose C File (.cpp). Give a name to the C
file you are going to add
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Step 6
Type the program on p.11 here.
Click Build ? Build Solution See the built result
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Step 7
Execute the program by clicking Debug ? Start
Without Debugging
Do you see the following result? Note The
result is shown in the Command Prompt Console
Application
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Computer Programming and Basic Software
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What has actually done?
C File Hello.cpp

• In the HelloWorld example, one solution is
  created that contains a project called chap2p1.
• Inside the project, there is one C program
  called Hello.cpp.

Solution
Project chap2p1
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Computer Programming and Basic Software
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• The C Compiler of Visual Studio compiles the
  program Hello.cpp and generates an executable
  file chap2p1.exe.
• When you click Debug ? Start Without Debugging,
  Visual Studio actually runs the executable file
  chap2p1.exe for you.
• All files generated in this project is stored in
• C\Documents and Settings\Administrator\My
  Documents\Visual Studio 2005\Projects\chap2p1

Run Windows Explorer
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Computer Programming and Basic Software
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Contains all files created after building the
solution
Contains info. about the project. Double-click
this will automatically start the project
The C file you created
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The EXE (executable) file created
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We can always run the program under the command
prompt
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Computer Programming and Basic Software
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Exercise 2.1
2. A Taste of C
Consider the two programs on the RHS. For each of
the program, construct a new project in Visual
Studio and then build the solution. For each
program, note the error messages when building
the project. Fix the errors and execute the
resulting project. What do you see?
include ltiostreamgt int main() cout ltlt "Hi
World!" ltlt stdendl return
0
include ltiostreamgt int test() stdcout ltlt
"How are you!" ltlt stdendl return 0
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Computer Programming and Basic Software
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Exercise 2.2
2. A Taste of C

• 1. Open the Command Prompt.
• By using the command cd, change the current
  folder to the folder that contains chap2p1.exe
  (you may want to use the command dir to show the
  content of a folder.)
• Run chap2p1.exe by typing its file name and press
  Enter.
• Compare the result with that you run the program
  in Visual Studio. Can you see any difference
  coming up?
• If no, add the following lines of code before
  return 0 of Hello.cpp.
• stdcoutltlt"Press Enter to continue."ltltstden
  dl
• stdcin.get()
• Rebuild the solution. Repeat 1 to 4 and note
  any difference.

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Acknowledgment

• The slides are based on the set developed by Dr.
  Frank Leung (EIE).