Kakia Chatsiou

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Introduction Demo Grammar References
XLE Tutorial Demo
Kakia Chatsiou Department of Language and
Linguistics University of Essex achats_at_essex.ac.uk

LG517. Introduction to LFG
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Outline

• Introduction
• Whats XLE?
• The basic Grammar file
• Examining a rule
• Examining a lexical entry
• Demo Grammar
• Assumptions
• Coverage
• Demonstration
• References

Aikaterini K. Chatsiou
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Outline

• Introduction
• Whats XLE?
• The basic Grammar file
• Examining a rule
• Examining a lexical entry
• Demo Grammar
• Assumptions
• Coverage
• Demonstration
• References

Aikaterini K. Chatsiou
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Whats XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• Whats XLE?
• Xerox Linguistics Environment
• A computational environment developed to
  facilitate the writing and debugging of Lexical
  Functional Grammars
• C-structure, f-structure, s-structure, and
  further projections can be defined
• Includes other activities related to grammar
  development analysing performance, test suites,
  generation, treebanks and other.

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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Whats XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• The basic grammar file.

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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Whats XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• The basic grammar file.

Grammar Version ID
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Whats XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• The basic grammar file.

Language ID
Aikaterini K. Chatsiou
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Whats XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• The basic grammar file.

Component ID
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Whats XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• The basic grammar file.

XLE version Number
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Whats XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• The basic grammar file.

4 dashes signal the end of each section / file
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Whats XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• The basic grammar file.

here it is S(entence)
The default category when parsing
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Whats XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• The basic grammar file.

here no files are included
the list of files to be included, ending
in .lfg
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Whats XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• The basic grammar file.

here precedence is given to the grammar with
version ID TOY and language ID Ellinika
specification of which lexical entries, rules
and templates are given precedence
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Whats XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• The basic grammar file.

list of the grammatical relations which must
be subcategorised for in order to appear in
the argument list of of the PRED
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Whats XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• The basic grammar file.

list of attributes whose values must contain
a PRED
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Whats XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• The basic grammar file.

list of attributes which do not distribute
when coordinated
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Whats XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• The basic grammar file.

the category which is covert in
the c-structure (empty string)
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Whats XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• The basic grammar file.

The ranking of optimality constraints
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Whats XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• Examining a rule

Category
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Whats XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• Examining a rule

Category
Schema
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Whats XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• Examining a rule

Defining equality
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Whats XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• Examining a rule

Defining equality
Disjunction
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Whats XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• Examining a rule

?
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Whats XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• Examining a rule

?
?
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Whats XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• Examining a rule

Shuffle operator
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Whats XLE? The basic grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• Examining a rule

Shuffle operator
Comment
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
What is XLE? The basic Grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• Examining a lexical entry

grammatical category
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
What is XLE? The basic Grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• Examining a lexical entry

Morphological marker
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
What is XLE? The basic Grammar file Examining a
rule Examining a lexical entry
Introduction

• Examining a lexical entry

Template (shortcuts)
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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Assumptions Coverage Demonstration
Demo Grammar

• toy-gre7.lfg
• Assumptions
• Coverage
• Demonstration

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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Assumptions Coverage Demonstration
Demo Grammar

• Assumptions
• All four possible Modern Greek word orders (VSO,
  SVO, OSV and OVS) are equally acceptable and
  grammatical
• Modern Greek Word order is represented
  non-configurationally (Tzanidaki, 1996
  Alexopoulou, 1999 among others)
• No morphology. For each word there is a separate
  lexical entry for each case, gender and number.

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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Assumptions Coverage Demonstration
Demo Grammar

• Coverage
• All 4 word orders (ex.1-4)
• Pro-drop character of the language (empty string
  node e as a disjunction in the subject NP
  c-structure node) (ex.5-6)
• Subcategorization frames of intransitive,
  transitive and ditransitive verbs (including the
  realisation of the OBL object of ditransitive
  verbs either through an NP in GEN or a PPse (ex
  7-10), successfully ruling out sentences like
  (11)
• successful assignment of the appropriate
  grammatical functions to constituents according
  to their case (NOM?SUBJ, ACC?OBJ, GEN?OBL) (ex.
  12), ruling out ex.13
• number, case and gender assignment among the
  constituents of an NP or a PP (ex.14-17)

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Introduction Demo Grammar References
Assumptions Coverage Demonstration
Demo Grammar

• Demonstration

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Introduction Demo Grammar References
References

• XLE walkthrough.
• http//www2.parc.com/istl/groups/nltt/xle/doc/walk
  through.html
• Tzanidaki, Dimitra Irini. 1996.
  Configurationality and Greek Clause structure.
  UCL Working Papers in Linguistics.
• Alexopoulou, Theodora. 1999. The syntax of
  Discourse functions in Greek a non
  configurational approach. PhD thesis, University
  of Edinburg.

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