HARMONIZATION, ALIGNMENT AND MANAGING FOR RESULTS LESSONS AT THE INTERNATIONAL LEVEL

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HARMONIZATION, ALIGNMENT AND MANAGING FOR
RESULTS LESSONS AT THE INTERNATIONAL LEVEL

• Joyce K. G. Mapunjo,
• Commissioner for External Finance,
• Ministry of Finance, Tanzania

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Presentation Outline

• Introduction
• Millennium Development Goals
• Monterrey Consensus on Financing for Development
• Rome Declaration on Aid Harmonisation
• Marrakech Memorandum on Managing for Results
• Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness
• Conclusion
• Challenges

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1. Introduction

• The paradox of a long history of development
  assistance (ODA) on one hand and persistence of
  poverty in developing countries on the other
  started to raise global concern in 1990s
• Investigations into the reasons for the failure
  of aid to deliver sustainable development and
  poverty reduction led to dialogue and a range of
  commitments at regional and international levels
  on how to make development assistance more
  effective
• OECD/DAC Working Party on Aid effectiveness and
  Donor Practices
• Strategic Partnership with Africa (SPA)

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1. Introduction (continued)

• Big Table II Consultations
• NORDIC Initiatives
• UN Work and Initiatives - ECOSOC
• Commission for Africa (Blairs Initiative)
• NEPAD
• Bilateral/Multilateral Consultations
• This presentation recaptures a few agreements,
  which guide the harmonization/JAS process in
  Tanzania

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2. Millennium Development Goals

• Agreed in 2000 by developing countries and donors
  at the UN Millennium Summit as an international
  road map for achieving poverty reduction until
  2010
• MDGs consist of 8 goals that address major
  economic and social dimensions of poverty
• 1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
• 2. Achieve universal primary education
• 3. Promote gender equality and empower women
• 4. Reduce child mortality
• 5. Improve maternal health
• 6. Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases
• 7. Ensure environmental sustainability
• 8. Develop a Global Partnership for Development

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2. Millennium Development Goals (cont.)

• Examples are
• Goal 1 Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
• Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of
  people whose income is less than USD 1 a day
• Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of
  people who suffer from hunger.
• Goal 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and other
  diseases
• Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the
  spread of HIV/AIDS
• Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the
  incidence of malaria and other major diseases.
• Goal 7 Ensure environmental sustainability
• Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without
  sustainable access to safe drinking water etc.

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2. Millennium Development Goals (cont.)

• Goal 8 Develop a Global Partnership for
  Development
• Develop further an open, rule-based, predictable
  non-discriminatory trading and financial system
• Address the special needs of the Least Developed
  Countries
• Deal comprehensively with the debt problems of
  developing countries
• Provide access to affordable and essential drugs
  in developing countries etc.
• 18 specific targets and 48 indicators for
  measuring achievement of these 8 goals provide
  clear benchmarks that guide developing country
  and donor efforts in poverty reduction and
  development

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3. Monterrey Consensus on Financing for
Development

• Agreed between developing and developed countries
  in Monterrey in 2002 to embrace a new partnership
  for achieving development and poverty reduction,
  in particular the MDGs
• Mutual commitment to mobilising resources for
  financing development
• Recognition of each countrys primary
  responsibility for its economic and social
  development and developing countries need to
  take a lead in managing their development
  processes (ownership)

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4. Rome Declaration on Aid Harmonisation

• Agreed in 2003 by developing countries and donors
  to make development cooperation more effective
  for attaining development, in particular the MDGs
• Outlines good practice standards and principles
  in development cooperation, among others
• Promoting local ownership and leadership
• Aligning development assistance with developing
  country priorities, strategies and systems
• Improving aid coordination and harmonisation
• Improving transparency, accountability and
  predictability of aid
• Strengthening the capacity of aid recipient
  governments

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5. Marrakech Memorandum on Managing for Results

• Agreed in 2004 by multilateral development banks
  and the OECD DAC to foster a global partnership
  on managing for results
• Commitment to supporting developing countries in
  strengthening their capacity to better manage for
  development results, and to aligning donor
  support with desired country results
• Specifies 5 core principles on managing for
  results, among others focusing dialogue on
  results aligning programming, monitoring and
  evaluation with expected results use results
  information for learning and decision making

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6. Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness

• Agreed in March 2005 by developing countries,
  bilateral and multilateral agencies and regional
  organisations to accelerate progress in aid
  effectiveness
• Commitment to Partnership Principles
• Reaffirmed commitments made at Rome to harmonize
  and align aid delivery and to accelerate progress
  in implementation, especially in the following
  areas
• Strengthening partner countries national
  development strategies and associated operational
  frameworks.
• Increasing alignment of aid with partner
  countries priorities, systems and procedures and
  helping to strengthen their capacities.
• Enhancing donors and partner countries
  respective accountability.
• Eliminating duplication of efforts and
  rationalizing donor activities.
• Reforming and simplifying donor policies and
  procedures etc.

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6. Paris Declaration (continued)

• Commitment to taking concrete and effective
  action to address the remaining challenges,
  including
• Weaknesses in partner countries institutional
  capacities to develop and implement
  results-driven national development strategies.
• Failure to provide more predictable and
  multi-year commitments on aid flows to committed
  partner countries.
• Insufficient delegation of authority to donors
  field staff, and inadequate attention to
  incentives for effective development partnerships
  between donors and partner countries.
• Insufficient integration of global programmes and
  initiatives into partner countries broader
  development agendas, including in critical areas
  such as HIV/AIDS.
• Corruption and lack of transparency.
• Specifies global targets for 2010 and indicators
  to internationally monitor country progress

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6. Paris Declaration (continued)Paris
Indicators of progress

• Partners have operational development strategies
• Reliable country systems
• Aid flows are aligned on national priorities
• Strengthen capacity by coordinated support
• Use of country systems
• Strengthen capacity by avoiding parallel
  implementation structures
• Aid is more predictable

• At least 75 of partner countries
• Target for improvement to be set by September
  2005
• 85 of aid flows reported on budgets
• Target for improvement to be set by September
  2005
• Target for improvement to be set by September
  2005
• Target for improvement to be set by September
  2005
• At least 75 of such aid released on schedule

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6. Paris Declaration (continued)Paris
Indicators of progress (cont.)

• Aid is untied
• Use of common arrangements or procedures
• Encourage shared analysis
• Results-oriented frameworks
• Mutual accountability

• Continued progress
• At least 25
• Target for improvement to be set by September
  2005
• 75 of partner countries
• Target for improvement to be set by September
  2005

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7. Conclusion

• Serious commitment at the international level
  what is needed are actions
• From Paris to the country level
• The Government of Tanzania aims to reduce poverty
  and achieve the Millennium Development Goals
  through the MKUKUTA and through a collective
  effort of the Government and our Development
  Partners under a Joint Assistance Strategy
• The JAS aims to work in the spirit of the
  internationally agreed principles for aid
  effectiveness, articulated in Monterrey, Rome,
  Marrakech and Paris, with a view to attaining
  Tanzanias development and poverty reduction
  goals and the MDGs
• The international commitment of our Development
  Partners to these principles gives us confidence
  to put greater efforts into harmonization and in
  particular to embark on the JAS

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8. Challenges

• Translating the international commitments into
  actions How and when are the critical
  questions
• This requires fundamental changes and serious
  decisions to be made by Development Partner
  headquarters as well as substantial reforms by
  developing countries
• Mid-term review of the MDGs Performance?
• Report of the UN Secretary General 21st March
  2005
• At no time in human history have the fates of
  every woman, man and child been so intertwined
  across the globe. We are united both by moral
  imperatives and by objective interests. We can
  build a world in larger freedom but to do it we
  must find
• common ground and sustain collective action.