natural

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Boiling Point -252.77 C
Freezing Point 0 C Melting Point -259.2 C
Atomic Number
1 Atomic Mass 1.00797
H
Hydrogen
(natural)
FOUND MIXED WITH GASES.
This element was founded by Henry Canvendish in
1776. It was confused with other gases until
Cavendish demonstrated in 1776.
USES
It is used for the inflation of balloons. When
hydrogen is mixed with air or oxygen it ignites.
Periodic Table
3
Boiling point-268.9
Atomic number2
HE
Melting point-272.2
Atomic symbolHe
Freeze point20
Atomic mass4.0026
Helium
(Natural)
This Element was discovered Pierre Janssen in
1868.
USES
Helium is used to pressurize and stiffen the
rocket engines.
Periodic Table
4
Atomic Number 3 Atomic Mass 6.941 Atomic
SymbolLI
Boiling Point1342 C Melting Point181 C Freezing
PointNot available.
LI
Lithium
(Man made)
This element was discovered by Johann A.
Arfvedson in 1817.
USES
Lithium is used for bonding carbon dioxide in the
ventilator systems of spacecraft and submarines.
Also the hydride is used to inflate lifeboats and
its heavy hydrogen is used in making the
hydrogen bomb.
Periodic Table
5
Boiling Point 3000 C Melting Point 1287
C Freezing Point Not Available
Atomic Number 4 Atomic Mass 9.012 Atomic
Symbol BE
BE
Beryllium
(Natural)
This element was discovered by Louis Nicolas
Vauquelin in 1797.
USES
Beryllium is used for important use in
so-called multiplexing systems.
Periodic Table
6
Boiling Point3650 C Melting Point 2180
C Freezing Point Not available
Atomic Number 5 Atomic Mass 10.81 Atomic
Symbol B
B
Boron
(Natural)
This element was discovered by Joseph
Gay-Lussie,Baron Louis Thenard and Sir Humphry
Davy.
USES
Boron is used for bone health in humans and other
vertebrates. It is also used in instruments
designed to detect and count slow.
Periodic Table
7
Boiling Point Not Available Melting Point
Not Available
Freezing Point Not Available Atomic Number
6 Atomic Mass12.011
C
Carbon
(Man Made)
This element was discovered by several scientists
in 1985. Scientists vaporized graphite to
produce a stable form of carbon molecules.


USES
Carbon is used to remove oxygen from metal.
Periodic Table
8
Boiling Point -195.79 C Melting Point -210.01
C Freezing Point 0 C
Atomic Number 7 Atomic Mass 14.007
N
Nitrogen
(Natural)
This element was discovered by Antoine Laurent
Lavoisier in 1772.
USES
Nitrogen is used in the chemical industry and
obtained by the fractional distillation of liquid
air.
Periodic Table
9
Boiling Point 182.96 C Melting Point 218.4
C Freezing Point 0 C
O
Atomic Mass 16.00 Atomic Number 8
Oxygen
(Natural)
This element was discovered in 1774 by Joseph
Priestely.
USES
This element is used for welding torches and is
used for patents.
Periodic Table
10
Boiling Point -188.13 C Melting Point-219.61
C Freezing Point 0 C
Atomic Mass 19.00 Atomic Number9
F
Flourine
(Natural)
This element was discovered in 1886 by Henry
Moissan.
USES
It is used to destroy the ozone layer.
Periodic Table
11
Boiling Point-246.08 C Melting Point-248.6
C Freezing Point0 C
Atomic Mass 20.18 Atomic Number 10
Ne
Neon
This element was discovered in 1898 by Sir
William Ramsay.
USES
Neon is used in neon lights and advertising.
Periodic Table
12
Boiling Point883 C Melting Point98 C Freezing
Point0 C
Atomic Mass22.99 Atomic Number11
NA
Sodium
(Natural)
This element was discovered in 1807 by Sir
Humphrey Davy.
USES
Sodium is used as a cooling agent in nuclear
reactors.
Periodic Table
13
Boiling Point 1107 C Melting Point 649
C Freezing Point Not Available
MG
Atomic Number 12 Atomic Mass 24.31
Magnesium
(Natural)
This element was discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy
in 1808.
USES
Magnesium is used in medicine and effervescent
beverages.
Periodic Table
14
Atomic Number - 13 Atomic Mass - 26.9815
Boiling Point - 2467c Melting Point - 660c
AL
Aluminum
( Natural )
This element was discovered in 1825 by Hans
Oersted in Denmark.
USES
Aluminum is used in cooking utensils, railroad
cars, cars, and to build aircraft,
Periodic Table
15
Boiling Point - 42571f Melting Point - 2570f
Atomic Number - 14 Atomic Mass - 28.086
SI
Silicon
( Natural )
This element was discovered in 1823 by Baron Jons
Jakob Berzelius.
USES
Silicon is used in the steel making industry as
a constitute of Silicon steel, and in the making
of cores of electrical transformers.
Periodic Table
16
P
Atomic Number-15
Boiling point-536 f
Atomic Mass-30.974
Melting point-111.4f
Phosphorus
(natural)
This element was discovered by Hennig Brand in
1669 when he was trying to turn silver into
gold.
USES
Phosphorus is used in fertilizers, rat poison,
and in the red part of matches.
Periodic Table
17
S
Boiling Point- 832.3F
Atomic Number- 16
Atomic Mass- 32.064
Melting Point- 239.38F
Sulfer
(Natural)
This element was discovered in the prehistoric
time and mentioned in the bible.
USES
It is used in matches, rubber, gunpowder, sulfa
drugs, and skin ointments.
Periodic Table
18
CL
Boiling Point -29.29f
Atomic Number-17
Atomic Mass-35.453
Melting Point -149.8f
Chlorine
(Natural)
This Element was discovered in 1774 by Humphry
Davy.
USES
It was the first substance used as a poison gas
in World War 1.
Periodic Table
19
Atomic Number-18 Atomic Mass-39.948
AR
Boiling Point-98

Melting Point - NONE
Argon
( Natural)
This element was discovered in 1894 by
William Ramsey.
USES
This element is used in neon lamps that gives a
red or blue light.
Periodic Table
20
K
Boiling Point - 1408f Melting Point - 145f
Atomic Number - 19 Atomic Mass - 39.098
Potassium
( Natural)
This element was discovered in 1807 by Sir
Humphry Davy.
USES
It is used in photelectric cells in matches,
fireworks, dyeing, leather tanning.
Periodic Table
21
Atomic Number- 20
Boiling Point- 2703
CA
Atomic Mass- 40.08
Melting point- 1542
Calcium
(Natural)
This element was discovered by Sir Humphry Davy
in 1808.
Uses
It is used in copper, nickel, and stainless steel.
Periodic Table
22
Boiling Point - 5137f Melting Point - 2806f
Atomic Number - 21 Atomic Mass - 44.956
SC
Scandium
( Natural )
This element was discovered in 1879 by a Swedish
chemist Lars Fredrik.
USES
No uses found.
Periodic Table
23
Boiling Point - 5949f Melting Point - 3020f
Atomic Number - 22 Atomic Mass - 47.88
TI
Titanium
( Natural )
This element was discovered in 1791 by William
Gregor.
USES
This element is used in aluminum.
Periodic Table
24
Boiling Point - 6116f Melting Point - 3434f
Atomic Number - 23 Atomic Mass - 50.941
V
Vanadium
( Natural )
This element was discovered in 1801 by Andres
Manuel Del Rio and was rediscovered in 1830 by
Nils Gabriel Sefstrom.
USES
This element is used in hardness, alloys, and
plantinum.
Periodic Table
25
Boiling Point-4842 f Melting Point-3375 f
Atomic Number-24 Atomic Mass-51.996
CR
Chromium
(Natural) USES
This element was discovered by a French chemist
named Louis Nicolas Vanquelin in
1797. Chromium is used in alloys, iron,
nickle, and cobalt.
Periodic Table
26
MN
Atomic Number - 25 Atomic Mass - 54.938
Boiling Point - 3564f Melting Point - 2271f
Manganese
( Natural )
This element was discovered in 1774 by Johan
Gottlicp Gahn.
USES
Manganese is used in copper tin, zinc, dry cell
battery, paint, and varnisncils for collecting
glash.
Periodic Table
27
Atomic Number - 26 Atomic Mass - 55.847
Boiling Point - 4982f Melting Point - 2795f
FE
Iron
( Natural )
This element was discovered in4000B.C. by Egypt
people.
USES
This element is used in cars, wrought iron, and
castiorn steel.
Periodic Table
28
Atomic Number-27
Melting point- 2723
CO
Atomic Mass-58.923
Boiling point-5,198
Cobalt
Structure Rock formed
Color, silvery
(Natural)
It was discovered by George Brandt in 1735
Uses
unknown
Periodic Table
29
Boiling Point-2730
Atomic Number-28
NI
Melting Point-1455
Atomic Mass-58.69
Nickel
Structure
Color, Silvery
Unknown
(Man made)
This element was discovered by Baron Axel and
found in 1751
Uses
Used to make nickels
Periodic Table
30
Boiling point-4753
Atomic number-29
CU
Melting point-1981
Atomic mass-63.546
Copper
Color, goldish
Structure Unknown
(natural)
The person who discovered copper . It does not
say!
USES
It is used in things that involve electrity.
Periodic Table
31
Boiling Point 1665
Atomic Number 30
ZN
Melting Point 788
Atomic Mass 65.38
Zinc
Structure
Color, Silvery
(Natural)
Rock Form
This element was discover by Andreas Sigismund
Marggraf
uses
It is 5 of the worlds porducktion
Periodic Table
32
Atomic number-31
Boiling point-4357
GA
Atomic mass-69.72
Melting point-86
Gallium
(Natural)
Color, Bluish Gray
This element was discovered by Paul Emile Leeog de
Uses
Unknown
Periodic Table
33
Boiling point-5126
GE
Atomic number-32
Melting point-1719
Atomic mass-72.59
Germanium
(natural)
Color, grayish white
This element was discovered by Dmitry Nanovich.
Uses
It was used in world war 2.
Periodic Table
34
Boiling point-Non-A
Atomic number-33
AS
Melting point-Non-A
Atomic mass-74.9216
Arsenic
( man made)
Color,green
This element was discovered by not avalable
Uses
For making glasses.
Periodic Table
35
Atomic number-34
Boiling point-1265
SE
Atomic mass-78.96
Melting point-423
Selenium
(natural)
Color,yellowish
This element was discovered by berzelivs-son
jacob, Baron
Uses
Unknown
Periodic Table
36
Boiling point-137.8
Atomic number-35
BR
Melting point-18.95
Atomic mass-79.9
Bromine
Color,redish brown
(Natural)
This Element was discovered by Antoine jerome
Balard in 1826
Uses
Unknow
Periodic Table
37
Boiling point-244.03
Atomic number-36
KR
Melting point-250.98
Atomic mass-83.8
Krypton
Color,orange red
(Natural)
This Element was discovered by Norman Foster,
Ramsey in 1962
Uses
For the earthes atmasfear
Periodic Table
38
Boiling point-1267
Atomic number37
RB
Atomic Mass 85.468
Melting point-102
Rubidium
Color, red
(Natural)
This element was discovered by Robert Wilhelm
Busen
Uses
Tea, Tobacco , Coffee, and other plants.
Periodic Table
39
Boiling Point2523
Atomic number-38
SR
Melting point-1416
Atomic mass-87.62
Strontium
(natural)
Color silvery
This element was discovered in 1790
uses
unknown
Periodic Table
40
Boiling point-6040
Atomic number-39
Y
Melting point-2772
Atomic mass-88.91
Yttrium
(natural)
Color silvery
This was discovered by
uses
unknown
Periodic Table
41
Boiling point-7911
Atomic number 40

ZR
Melting point-3362
Atomic mass 91.22
zirconium
Color, Bluish black
(natural)
This Element was discovered by Martin Heinrich.
Uses
The uses were for vacuum tubes, steel, and
porcelain.
Periodic Table
42
Atomic Number-41 Atomic mass-92.906
Boiling Point-5127 C Melting Point-2468 C
NB
NB
Niobium
Found in crustal rock.
Burns when heated in air.
(Natural)
This Element was discovered in 1801 by Charles
Hatchet. Found mainly in Nigeria and the
Democratic Republic of Congo.
USES
This element is used for nuclear power plants and
stainless steel.
Periodic Table
43
Atomic Number-42 Atomic Mass-95.94
MO
Boiling point-4640 C Melting point-2610 C
Molybdenum
Silvery,white, tough
Its a metal.
(Man Made)
This element was discovered in1778 by Carl
Wilhelm Scheele.
USES
In soils it helps contribute to the growth of
plants. Used in alloying steel, for air crafts
and structural work. It serves as electrodes
in glass furnaces.
Periodic Table
44
Melting Point-2200 C Boiling Point-4567 C
Atomic Number-43 Atomic Mass-98
TC
Technetium
(Man made)
This element was discovered in 1937 by Emilo
Segre and Carlo Perrier by bombarding Molybdenum
with Deuterons.
USES
Technetium is used for imaging medicines.
Periodic Table
45
RU
Boiling Point-3900 C Melting Point-2310
C Freezing Point- -263 C
Atomic Number-44 Atomic Mass-107.07
Ruthenium
Superior to Platinum in resistance to attack by
acids.
Grayish white metal.
(Natural)
Ruthenium was discovered in 1844 by Karl
Karlovich Klaus
USES
Ruthenium is used for the tips of pens and in the
manufacture of jewelry.
Periodic Table
46
RH
Boiling Point-3727C Melting Point-1966 C
Atomic Number-45 Atomic Mass-102.905
Rhodium
Very durable.
Silvery white metal.
(Natural)
This element was discovered in 1803 by William
Hyde Wollaston.
USES
Rhodium is used in mirror surfaces, as plating
finish in jewelry and silverware and as a black
pigment for porcelain.
Periodic Table
47
Boiling point-2970 C Melting point-1554 C
PD
Atomic number-46 Atomic mass-106.4
Palladium
Rare silvery white soft metal.
Fuses and welds easily.
(Natural)
This element was discovered by William Hyde
Wollaston.
USES
It is used for nonmagnetic springs in clocks and
watches. Used in jewelry, for special in
mirrors, and alloyed with gold it forms white
gold. Also used in Canadian nickel.
Periodic Table
48
AG
Boiling Point-2212 C Melting Point-962 C
Atomic Number-47 Atomic Mass-107.868
Silver
Not Chemically active.
Eggs tarnish it quickly.
(Natural)
Harder than gold yet softer than copper.
Date of discovery is unknown. Silver mines were
probably worked in Asia before 2,500 B.C.
USES
Silver is used to coat smooth glass surfaces for
mirrors, aluminum has replaced this though. It
is also used in jewelry and used to be used in
coins.
Periodic Table
49
Boiling Point-1409 C Melting Point-321 C
Atomic Number-48 Atomic Mass-112.41
CD
Cadmium
Burns bright when heated.
USES
This element is used for coating metals and is
used in batteries that are used for specialized
purposes.
Periodic Table
50
Boiling Point-2080 C Melting Point-157 C
IN
Atomic Number-49 Atomic Mass-114.82
Indium
Silvery white soft metal.
(Natural)
Discovered by Hieronymus Theodor Richter and
Ferdinand Reich.
USES
This element is used in nuclear reactors control
rods, and is found in certain zinc blends, tin,
and iron ores.
Periodic Table
51
Atomic Number-50 Atomic Mass-118.69
Boiling Point-2260 C Melting Point-232 C
SN
Tin
Forms stannic acid when heated in air.
Silvery white metal.
Discovery date is unknown and who discovered it
is also unknown. It is found in Malaysia, Brazil,
Indonesia, Thailand, Bolivia, Australia, and
America.
USES
Tin is used in hundreds of industrial processes
throughout the world. It is also used as a
protective coating for copper vessels, and
various metals used in the manufacture of tin
cans.
Periodic Table
52
Boiling Point-1750 C Melting Point-630 C
Atomic Number-51 Atomic Mass-121.75
SB
Antimony
Bluish white brittle semimetal.
(Natural)
This element was probably discovered in 1450 but
was certainly discovered in 1600. It is mined in
China, France, Italy,Japan, Mexico, and Western
United States.
USES
Antimony is used in certain medicines, as a
yellow pigment in glass and porcelain, used for
bronzing steel, and as a mordent in dying.
Periodic Table
53
Atomic Number-52 Atomic Mass-127.6
Boiling Point-1390 C Melting Point-630 C
TE
Tellurium
Silvery white semimetal.
A gravity of 6.25.
(Natural)
This element was discovered in 1782 by Franz
Joseph Muller Von Reichenstein.
USES
Tellurium is used in the manufacture of
rectifiers and thermoelectric devices. With
organic substances it is used for natural and
synthetic rubber, in antiknock compounds for
gasoline, and as an impart for blue tints in
glass.
Periodic Table
54
I
Boiling Point-185 C Melting Point-113.6 C
Atomic Number-53 Atomic Mass-126.905
Iodine
Blue black solid.
Chemically active.
(Natural)
This element was first isolated from seaweed in
1811 by Bernard Courteous.
USES
Iodine is used in medical use and without this,
stunted growth and conditions like goiter can
happen. It is also used in photography, making
dyes, and in cloud seeing operations.
Periodic Table
55
XE
Boiling Point-108.1 C Melting Point-111.8 C
Atomic-Number-54 Atomic Mass-131.29
Xenon
Colorless and odorless.
This element was discovered in 1898 by Sir
William Ramsey and Morris Travers.
USES
Xenon is used in lighting high-speed photographic
tubes.
Periodic Table
56
CS
Boiling Point 1236 F Melting Point 82 F
Atomic Number 55 Atomic Mass 132.905
Cesium
Structure, Not available
( Natural )
Color, White
Cesium was discovered in 1860 by the German
chemists Robert Wilhelm Bunsen and Gustav Robert
Kirchhoff through the use of a spectroscope.
USES Cerium is used to remove residual oxygen
from radio vacuum tubes. Thus it is used in
televisions, radios, and computers.
Periodic Table
57
Boiling Point 2984 F Melting Point 1337 F
Atomic Number 56 Atomic Mass 137.33
BA
Barium
( Natural )
Structure Not available
Color Soft, Silvery
This element was discovered in 1808 by the
English scientist Sir Humphrey Davy.
USES Barium is sometimes used in coating
electrical conductors in electronic apparatus and
in automobile ignition systems.
Periodic Table
58
LA
Boiling Point 6267 F Melting Point 1684 F
Atomic Number57 Atomic Mass 138.91
Lanthanum
( Natural )
Structure, not available
Color, Metallic
This element was discovered by the Swedish
chemist Carl Gustav Mosander in 1839.
USES Lanthanum is used in optical glass and
cigarette flints.
Periodic Table
59
CE
Boiling Point 6229 F Melting Point 1468 F
Atomic Number 58 Atomic Mass 140.12
Cerium
( Natural )
Structure Not available
Color Soft, Gray
Cerium was discovered in 1803 by the Swedish
chemists, Baron Jons Jakob Berzelius and Wilhelm
Hisinger, in the same year it was also
discovered independently by the German chemist
Martin Heinrich.
USES Cerium is used in small quantities in the
manufacturing of glass, ceramics, arc-lamp,
electrodes, and photoelectric cells.
Periodic Table
60
PR
Boiling Point 6368 F Melting Point 1708 F
Atomic Number 59 Atomic Mass 140.9
Praseodymium
( Natural )
Structure Not available
Color Silvery
Extracted from Neodymium
Praseodymium was discovered in 1885 by the
German chemist, Carl Auer von Welsbach.
USES This element is used in magnesium alloys
and in misch metal, an alloy used for
cigarette-lighter flints and as a deoxidizer in
alloys and vacuum tubes.
Periodic Table
61
ND
Boiling point 5565 F
Atomic Number 60 Atomic Mass144.24
Melting point 1870 F
Neodymium
( Natural )
Structure Not Available
Color, Silvery
Extracted From Praseodymium
This element was discovered in 1885 by the
Austrian chemist, Baron Carl Aver Von Welsbach.

USES Neodymium is used in the screens of color
televisions.
Periodic Table
62
PM
Boiling Point 5432 F Melting Point 1908 F
Atomic Number 61 Atomic Mass 145
Promethium
( Natural )
Color, Radioactive Metallic element
Structure, Not available
Promethium was isolated in 1945 by scientists at
the nuclear research laboratory at Oak Ridge,
Tennessee by the American chemists Charles
DuBois Coryell, Jacob A. Marinsky, and Lawrence
E. Glendenin.
USES Promethium is used in atomic batteries and
as a beta-particle source in thickness gauges.
Periodic Table
63
Boiling Point 3261 F Melting Point 1965 F
SM
Atomic Number 62 Atomic Mass 150.4
Samarium
( Natural )
Color, White
Structure, Not available
This element was discovered by the French chemist
P.E Locoq de Boisbaudran in 1879.
USES Samarium oxide is used in the control
rods of some nuclear reactors.
Periodic Table
64
EU
Boiling Point 2781 F Melting Point 1512 F
Atomic Number 63 Atomic Mass 151.96
Europium
( Natural )
Color, Silvery
Structure, Not available
Europium was discovered in 1896 by the French
chemist, Eugene Demorcay.
USES This element is used in the screen of a
color television, and when bombarded with
electrons, produces the color red.
Periodic Table
65
GD
Boiling Point 5923 F Melting Point2395 F
Atomic Number 64 Atomic Mass, 157.25
Gadolinium
( Natural )
Structure Unknown
Color Silvery, White
This Element was discovered in 1880, By a Swiss
Chemist Jeande Marignec.
Uses
It is used as a component of control rods in
nuclear reactors.

Periodic Table
66
TB
Atomic Number 65 Atomic Mass 158.925
Boiling Point 5846 F Melting Point 2473 F
Terbium
( Natural )
Structure, Not available
Color, Metallic
Terbium was discovered in 1843 by the Swedish
chemist Carl Gustav Mosander.
USES Terbium is used in refactory materials,
and electronic apparatus.
Periodic Table
67
DY
Boiling point4653
Atomic Number66
Melting point2574
Atomic Mass162.5
Dysprosium
(Natural)
Structure A high magnetic susceptibility
Color,yellow or yellow green
This element was discovered in 1886 by Paul Erile
Locoq de Boisbaudran.
Uses He separated one of its compounds
from an oxide of Holmium.It is sometimes used to
control rods of nuclear reactors.
Periodic Table
68
HO
Boiling Point4892 F Melting Point 2683 F
Atomic Number67 Atomic Mass 164.93
Holmium
( Natural )
Structure Not Available
Color, Silvery
This element was discovered in 1878 by the Swiss
chemists, Jacques Louis Soret, and Marc
Delafontaine. It was also independently
discovered by Per Teodor Cleve in 1879.
USES Holmium is used in some electronic devices
and as a catalyst in industrial chemical
reactions.
Periodic Table
69
ER
Boiling Point 5194 F Melting Point 2784 F
Atomic Number 68 Atomic Mass 167.26
Erbium
( Natural )
Structure Not available
Color Bright, Silvery Luster
Erbium was discovered in 1843 by the Swedish
chemist, Carl Gustav Mosander.
USES Erbium is used in experimental optical
amplifiers that amplify light signals sent along
fiber-optic cables.
Periodic Table
70
Boiling Point-3542
TM
Atomic Number-69
Melting Point-2813
Atomic Mass-165.934
Thulium
(Natural)
Structure Soft, malleable ductile
Color, Silvery-gray Metallic
The element was discovered by the Swedish
chemist Per Teodor Cleve in 1879.
USES
Thulium is used in small portable x-ray
machines which utilize artificially
radioactive Thulium as its x-ray source
Periodic Table
71
B
Boiling Point-1506
YB
Atomic Number-70
Atomic Mass-173.04
Melting Point-2185
Ytterbium
(Natural)
Color,bright silvery
Structure Soft, malleable
Ytterbium was discovered by a Swiss chemist Jean
Charles De Marignac in 1878.
Uses
Ytterbium is used in alloys, electronics, and
magnetic materials.
Periodic Table
72
Atomic Number-71
Boiling Point-6153
LU
Atomic Mass-174.97
Melting Point-3025
Lutetium
(Natural)
Structure
Not Available
Color, Silvery White
This element was discovered by a French
chemist named Geoges Ubain, and a Carl Auer von
Welsbach about the same time, in 1907.
USES
Lutetium is used in determining in meteorites in
relation with the earth.
Periodic Table
73
Atomic Number-72 Atomic Mass-178.49
HF
Boiling Point-8316 Melting Point-4041
Hafnium
Structure Resembles zirconium
(Natural)
Color, Metallic
Hafnium was discovered by the Hungarian chemist,
Georg von Hevesy and Dutch physicist Dirk Coster
in Copenhagen in the year 1923.
USES
Hafnium is used with zirconium as a structural
material in nuclear power plants.
Periodic Table
74
TA
Boiling Point-5425 Melting Point-9797
Atomic Number-73 Atomic Mass-180.948
Tantalum
(Natural)
Structure Acid
Color,White
Tantalum was discovered by Baron Jons Jakob
Berzelius in 1820.
USES
It is used for Laboratory wear, circuits, and
Camera lenses.
Periodic Table
75
W
Boiling Point-10,220
Atomic Number-74
Atomic Mass- 183.85
Melting Point-6170
Tungsten
(Natural)
Color, silver-steel
Structure Hard and Brittle
This element was discovered Carl Wilhem Scheele,
and Juan Jose and Fausto D Elhuyar in 1781.
USES
Tungsten is used in cutting tools.
Periodic Table
76
Atomic Number-75 Atomic Mass-186.207
Melting Point-5756
RE
Rhenium
(Natural)
Color,Silvery White
Structure Very hard
This element was discovered by Walter Karl
Noddack and Ida Eva Noddack in 1925.
USES
Rhenium is used in electrical filaments, welding
rock, and photographic flashbulbs.
Periodic Table
77
Melting Point-4892
Atomic Number-76 Atomic Mass-190.2
OS
Osmium
(Natural)
Structure Brittle metallic
Color, Bluish-white
It was discovered by Smithson Tennant in 1803.
USES
It is used in standard weights and measurements.
Periodic Table
78
Atomic Number-77 Atomic Mass-192.22
Boiling Point-7466 Melting Point-4370
IR
Iridium
Color, white
Structure Brittle and extremely hard
It was discovered by Smithson Tennant, a British
chemist in 1804.
USES It is used for jewelry, fountain
tip pens, compasses, and surgical tools
Periodic Table
79
Atomic Number-78 Atomic Mass-195.09
PT
Boiling Point-6291 Melting Point-3222

Platinum
Structure Metallic
(Natural)
Color, bluish-gray
Discovered sometime before the 16th century.
USES Used in
laboratory apparatus, contact points in
electrical apparatus and in instruments used for
measuring high temperatures, also used in dental
fillings.
Periodic Table
80
Boiling Point-1947 Melting Point-5086
Atomic Number-79 Atomic Mass-196.97
AU
Gold
Color, Gold
Structure Soft, Dense
(Natural)
This element is the second most valuable mineral
in the world.
USES It was used for jewelry, as money,
and in the form of gold leaf.
Periodic Table
81
Atomic Number-80 Atomic Mass-200.59
Boiling Point-675
HG
Melting Point-38
Mercury
(Natural)

Color, silvery metallic
Structure Free flowing liquid
It was discovered by a French chemist Antoine
Laurent Lavosier.
USES
Mercury is used in thermometers and its used
in other types of scientific apparatus.
Periodic Table
82
TI
Atomic Number-81 Atomic Mass-204.383
Boiling Point-2665 Melting Point-597
Thallium
(Natural)
Structure Soft and malleable
Color, bluish-gray
Discovered by Sir Williams Crookes an English
chemist in 1861.
USES It is used for rat poison and ant
poison. It can also be used to diagnose some
types of heart disease.
Periodic Table
83
Boiling Point-3164 Melting Point-662
Atomic Number-82 Atomic Mass-207.20
PB
Lead
(Natural)
Color,Bluish-Gray
Structure Soft and malleable
Lead was discovered by the Romans and was
mentioned the Old Testament.
USES
Lead is used in the storage of batteries and in
sheathing electric cables, industrial lining for
tanks and x-ray apparatus.
Periodic Table
84
BI
Atomic Number-83
Boiling Point-2840
Melting Point-520
Atomic Mass-208.98
Bismuth
Color-Pinkish tinge
Structure
(Artificial)
Founder unknown
USES
Used in fluoroscopy (used to examine the internal
organs.)
Periodic Table
85
PO
Atomic Number-84
Boiling Point-1235
Atomic Mass
Melting Point-527
Polonium
Structure Simple Cubic
Color, Blue Glow
(Natural)
This Element was discovered by Marie Curiein in
1898 in Paris
USES
Polonium is used for
thermoelectric power.


Periodic Table
86
AT
Boiling Point-610
Atomic Number-85
Melting Point-575
Atomic Mass-210
Astatine
(Natural)
Discovered by Corson in 1940.
Periodic Table
87
RN
Boiling point-211
Atomic Number-86
Melting Point-202
Atomic Mass-222
Radon
(Natural)
Discovered by Dorn in 1900 in Germany.
USES Earthquake
Prediction
Periodic Table
88
Boiling Point- 950
Atomic Number-87
FR
Melting Point- 300.2
Atomic Mass-223.0197
Francium
Structure body centered cubic
Color
(Natural)
This Element was discovered by Marguerite Perey
in 1939 in France.
USES
Periodic Table
89
RA
Boiling point-1809
Atomic Number-88
Melting point-973
Atomic Mass-226.0254
Radium
Structure Body centered cubic
Color, White
(Natural)
Isolated by the Curies and Are Debierne in 1898
in Paris
USES
Radium is used in Neutron sources
Periodic Table
90
AC
Boiling Point-3473
Atomic Number-89
Melting Point-1323
Atomic Mass-227.0278
Actinium
Color, Silvery
Structure Face centered cube
(Natural)
Discovered by Debierne in 1899
USES
Actinium is used in Thermoelectric power.
Periodic Table
91
TH
Atomic Number-90
Boiling Point-5061
Atomic Mass-232.03804
Melting Point-2028
Thorium
Color, White
(Natural)
Structure Face centered
cubic
Thorium was Identified in 1821and isolated by
J.J. Berzelius in 1828 in Sweden.
USES
Thorium is used in gas lamp mantles and nuclear
breeder reactors.
Periodic Table
92
PA
Atomic Number-91
Boiling Point-----
Melting Point-----
Atomic Mass-231.03588
Protactinium
Color, Silvery
Structure Face
centered cubic
(Natural)
Discovered independently by Fajans and Gohring
in Germany and by Soddy , Cranston and Fleck in
Scotland in 1913.
USES
--------------------------
Periodic Table
93
U
Boiling Point4407
Atomic Number92
Melting Point1405
Atomic Mass238.029
Uranium
Color Silvery
(Natural)
Structure hex cls pkd distored
This element was used by the Romans for yellow
pigments in glass. The element was discovered
in 1789 by a German chemist, Martin Klaproth.
USES
Nuclear reactor fuel
Periodic Table
94
NP
Atomic Number 93
Boiling Point-------
Melting Point- 910
Atomic Mass- 237.048
Neptunium
(Man-Made)
Structure Complex
Color Silvery
Neptunium was produced by E.M. McMillan
USES
Periodic Table
95
Atomic Number-94
Boiling Point-3503
PU
Atomic Mass-244
Melting Point-913 F.
Plutonium
(Man-Made) Extracted From Uranium Ore
Structure Face centered cube
Color, Silvery
This Element was discovered secretly by Glenn
Seaborg in 1940 with Wahl and Kennedy at Berkley
and publicly reported in 1946.
USES Plutonium is used in nuclear
weapons and is used in space probe electricity
sources.
Periodic Table
96
AM
Boiling Point 2880
Atomic Number 95
Melting Point 1268
Atomic Mass 243 Structure Face
centered cubic
Americium
(Man-Made)
Color Silvery White
This element was discovered by Glenn Seaborg in
1944 in Berkeley.
USES
Smoke Detector
Periodic Table
97
Boiling Point-----
Atomic Number-96
CM
Melting Point-1613
Atomic Mass-247
Curium
Color Silvery White
Structure Face centered cubic
(Man-Made)
Discovered by James, Seaborg, and Ghiorso in 1944
USES
Thermoelectric power and source
Periodic Table
98
bk
Atomic mass 247
Atomic weight-247
Atomic number 97
berkelium
Named after the University of California at
Berkeley. Berkelium tends to accumulate in the
skeletal system.
Periodic Table
99
Californium
Atomic number 98
Atomic weight-251
Cf
Atomic mass 251
(artificial)
Named after the state of California. It has a
half life of 90 years. It is a radioactive rare
earth metal.
Periodic Table
100
Einsteinium
Atomic number 99 atomic mass 254
Atomic weight-254

Es
(Artificially)
Named in honor of Albert Einstein. Discovered In
1952 in the debris from a hydrogen bomb
explosion.
Periodic Table
101
fm
Atomic weight-257
atomic
Number 100
Atomic mass-257
fermium
(Artificial)
Artificially created, the element was isolated in
1952 from the debris of a hydrogen bomb
explosion by the American chemist Albert Ghiorso
named after Enrico Fermi
Periodic Table
102
MD
Atomic number
101
Atomic weight-258
Atomic mass 258
Mendelevium
(Artificial)
Mendelevium is artificially created radioactive
element. Discovered in 1955 and named after
Dmitri Mendeleev. It has a half-life of 54 days.
Periodic Table
103
Nobelium
No
Atomic weight-259
Atomic number-102 Atomic mass-259
(Artificial)
Nobelium is a radioactive metalic element named
after Alfred Bernhard Nobel. It was discovered
in 1957 and is not found in nature but is
produced artificially in the laboratory. The
properties of Nobelium are unknown and it has a
half-life of a few minutes.
Periodic Table
104
Atomic number-103 Atomic mass-260
Atomic weight-260
Lr
Lawrencium
(Artificial)
Lawrencium is an artificially created radioactive
metallic element. It was discovered in 1961 and
named after Ernest Lawrence.
Periodic Table
105
Atomic number-104 Atomic mass-261
Atomic weight-261
RF
Rutherfordium
(Artificial)
Rutherfordium is an unstable chemical element
named after Ernest Rutherford. In 1969 it was
synthesized according to a convention adopted in
1980 for naming elements 104 and beyond, however,
the element was named unnilquadium.
Periodic Table
106
Db
Atomic number-105 Atomic mass-262
Atomic weight-262
Dubnium
(Artificial)
Dubnium is an artificial element that was
discovered by Ghiorso. It was named after Duba, a
northern suburb.
Periodic Table
107
Sg
Atomic number-106 Atomic mass-263
Atomic weight-263
Seaborgium
(Artificial)
Seaborgium is an artificial element named after
Glenn Seaborg. Discovered by Ghiorso.
Periodic Table
108
Atomic number 107 Atomic mass 262
Atomic weight 262
Bh
Bohrium
(Artificial)
Bohrium is a synthetic element and is not present
in the environment at all. The German
discoverers proposed the name Nielsbohrium after
Niels Bohr. IUPAC are happy to name an element
after Bohr but suggest Bohrium on the grounds
that the first name of a person does not appear
in the names of any other element named after a
person.
Periodic Table
109
HS
Atomic number 108 atomic mass 265
Atomic weight 265
Hassium
(Artificial)
Hassium is a synthetic element that is not
present in the environment at all.
Periodic Table
110
MT
Atomic number 109 atomic mass 266
Atomic weight 266
Meitnerium
(artificial)
Meitnerium is a synthetic element that is not
present in the environment at all.There is no
dispute concerning the name Meitnerium.
Periodic Table