Childrens Health A Call to Action

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Childrens Health A Call to Action
March 2005
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What will you learn today?

• Health Trends
• The Challenge
• Action Needed

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Healthy Students Better Learners!
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The challenge before us..
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US Obesity Maps of Adults 1985 to 2003

• Definitions
• Obesity
• having a very high amount of body fat in relation
  to lean body mass, or Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30
  or higher. For a 5 4 woman this means 30 lbs
  overweight.
• Body Mass Index (BMI)
• a measure of an adults weight in relation to his
  or her height, specifically the adults weight in
  kilograms divided by the square of his or her
  height in meters.
• Source Centers for Disease Control

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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1985
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1986
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1987
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1988
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1989
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1990
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1991
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1993
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1992
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1994
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1995
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1996
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1997
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1998
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1999
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 2000
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 2001
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
No Data 1519 2024 25
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 2002
(BMI ?30, or 30 lbs overweight for 54 person)
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
No Data 1519 20-24 ?25
Source Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance
System, CDC
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 2003
(BMI ?30, or about 30 lbs overweight for 54
person)
No Data 1519 20-24 ?25
Source Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance
System, CDC
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• Children are mirrors reflecting how we
• adults live.
• Nicholas B. Drzal, MPH, RDNutrition Education
  Consultant Michigan Department of Education

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Health Effects of Overweight and Obesity

• Heart Disease
• Stroke
• Diabetes
• Cancer
• High Blood Pressure
• Osteoporosis
• Gallbladder disease
• Sleep Apnea
• Source Centers for Disease Control
• The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive
  Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)

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Obesity

• Is the second leading cause of preventable deaths
  in the U.S. (Tobacco related deaths rank 1)
• Source www.cdc.gov
• In 2000, the cost of obesity in the United States
  was more than 117 billion.
• Source http//www.cdc.gov
• Leads to13 times more deaths than guns
• Source www.cspinet.org/nutritionpolicy/nutritio
  n_policy.html
• Causes 20 times more deaths than drug use
• Source www.cspinet.org/nutritionpolicy/nutriti
  on_policy.html

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The Economic Cost of Physical Inactivity in
Michigan

• Over 4 million Michigan adults are physically
  inactive.
• Physical inactivity in Michigan adults cost
  almost 8.9 billion in 2002 or 1,175 for each
  Michigan adult.
• If current trends continue, costs associated with
  physical inactivity in Michigan will increase to
  over 12.65 billion in 2007-a 42 increase in only
  5 years.
• The dollars spent on Medicaid for physical
  inactivity could fund a school nurse in every
  public middle and high school.
• Source Centers for Disease Control, 2000
• The Economic Cost of Physical Inactivity in
  Michigan, Michigan Fitness
• Foundation 2003

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• How did we get here?

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Our Current Lifestyle
Portion Distortion
Technology Replacing Physical Activity
Cost Structure Cheap High Calorie Foods
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Examples of Portion Distortion Over the last
20 years watch how portion sizes have grown.
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Bagels
1980Bagel
2004Bagel
6 in.-Diameter350 calories
3 in.-Diameter140 calories
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Burgers
1980
2004
333 Calories
590 Calories
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Spaghetti
2004
1980
3 Large Meatballs1025 Calories
3 Small Meatballs500 Calories
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Soda
2004
1980
6.5 Oz85 Calories
20 Oz250 Calories
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Fries
1980
2004
2.4 Oz210 Calories
6.9 Oz610 Calories
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What Students Eat

• Snack calories are increasing
• Source http//www.obesityresearch.org/cgi/conte
  nt/full/10/5/370
• Kids who drink soft drinks consume more calories
  than kids who dont drink soft drinks
• Source http//www.obesityresearch.org/cgi/conte
  nt/full/10/5/370
• Only 1 in 5 Michigan high school students ate 5
  servings of fruits/veggies per day
• Source http//www.emc.cmich.edu/YRBS/2003/03WtN
  utritionFact.pdf.pdf
• Only 1 in 6 Michigan high school students drank
  3 glasses of milk daily (females less likely than
  males)
• Source http//www.emc.cmich.edu/YRBS/2003/03WtNu
  tritionFact.pdf.pdf

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What Students Do

• Nearly half of 12 to 21-year olds do not engage
  in vigorous physical activity on a regular basis
  Source www.mediafamily.org/facts/facts_tvandobchi
  ld
• Daily participation in physical education class
  dropped from 42 in 1991 to 27 in 1997
• Source www.mediafamily.org/facts/facts_tvandobch
  ild
• 43 of adolescents watch more than 2 hours of TV
  each day.
• Source The Surgeon Generals Call to Action to
  Prevent and Decrease Overweight and Obesity

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Overweight, Obesity and Television

• Studies show the highest rate of overweight and
  obesity in children who watch 4 or more hours of
  television a day. (2001)
• Overweight and obesity rates are the lowest among
  children watching an hour or less a day. (2001)
• 60 of overweight incidents can be linked to
  excessive television viewing. (2003)
• Source www.mediafamily.org/facts/facts_tvandobch
  ild

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• More Children are Overweight
• (Obese at or above 95th percentile BMI for age)

Percentage
Source Ogden C, Flegal K, Carroll M, Johnson C.
Prevalence and Trends in Overweight Among U.S.
Children and Adolescents, 1999-20000. Journal
of the American Medical Association 2002 Vol.
288, no.14, pp.1728-1732
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The Impact on Childrens Physical Health

• Type 2 diabetes
• Cardiovascular disease risks
• Orthopedic problems

Source Institute of Medicine of the National
Academies, Preventing Childhood Obesity Health
in the Balance. 2005 Fact Sheet. Preventing
Childhood Obesity Facts and Figures
(http//www.iom.edu/view.asp?id22606)
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The Impact on Childrens Emotional Health

• Low self-esteem
• Negative body image
• Depression
• Size discrimination
• Source Institute of Medicine of the National
  Academies, Preventing Childhood Obesity Health
  in the Balance. 2005 Fact Sheet. Preventing
  Childhood Obesity Facts and Figures
  http//www.iom.edu/view.asp?id22606)

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Call To Action What Schools Can Do

• 1. Create a Coordinated School Health
• Team (CSHT)
• 2. Conduct a free assessment Healthy School
  Action Tool (HSAT)
• Source www.mihealthtools.org/schools
• 3. Develop and Implement Action Plan Policy
  and Environment changes

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Call To Action What Schools Can Do Continued

• Adopt the Michigan State Board Of Education
  Policies
• Policy on Coordinated School Health Programs to
  Support Academic Achievement and Healthy Schools,
  adopted September 25, 2003.
• Policy on Offering Healthy Food and Beverages In
  Venues Outside of the Federally Regulated Child
  Nutrition Programs, adopted December 18, 2003.
• Policy on Quality Physical Education, adopted
  September 25, 2003.
• Source
• www.michigan.gov/mde go to State Board of
  Education, select Policies.

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Call to Action What Schools Can Do Continued

• Utilize the Tips and Tools To Help Implement
  Michigans Healthy Food and Beverages Policy.
• Source http//www.tn.fcs.msue.msu.edu/toolkit.pd
  f
• Join MichiganTeam Nutrition
• Source http//www.tn.fcs.msue.msu.edu/
• Address Physical Education hours and curriculum
  used. Consider using Exemplary Physical Education
  Curriculum (EPEC).
• Source http//www.michiganfitness.org/EPEC/defau
  lt.htm
• Participate in Farm to School Initiatives.
• Source http//www.farmtoschool.org/ca/farms.htm
  

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Local Success Stories

• "Our Health Team helped our school begin the
  process of a more healthy student body." We may
  have only taken the beginning steps, but we see
  progress as well as the rest of the staff and the
  student body.
• "As an educational institution we cannot
  ignore the growing concern in our country related
  to the health of our youth. Our Nutrition Team
  at NBC not only examined our needs, but took
  steps to address the problem locally.
• Gary Beaudoin, Principal
• Nellie B. Chisholm Middle School
• Montague, MI

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Local Success Stories Continued

• Breakfast sales increased in one school after a
  school-wide breakfast promotion. One year after
  the promotion, breakfast numbers continue to
  improve.
• Two high schools have limited the hours that
  vending machines are operational.
• Gender-separate physical education and health
  classes now optional at one local high school to
  encourage lifetime fitness skills.
• Water, 100 fruit juice and milk machines
  installed at local schools.
• Building practice requires one school to use
  store bought or professionally catered food for
  school functions to ensure food safety.
• The importance of mealtime has been emphasized to
  students at one school by adding a third lunch
  period. Now students spend less time waiting in
  line and more time enjoying their meal.
• One school adopted a building practice that
  encourages healthy food options to students and
  staff in venues outside of the School Meal
  Program, such as non-food fundraisers and
  non-food classroom rewards.

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Remember Healthy Students Perform Better
Academically

• Increased alertness and concentration.
• Reduced disruptive behavior.
• Critical link between movement and
• attention /memory.
• Improved self esteem.
• Less absenteeism.
• Improved mood levels.
• Increase in energy levels.
• The Learning Connection The Value of Improving
  Nutrition and Physical Activity in Our Schools.
• Source www.ActionForHealthyKids.org

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Take Action!

• Healthy kids make better students. Better
  students make healthy communities.

March 2005