Spatial Information Retrieval

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Spatial Information Retrieval

• Xuejiao Liu
• INF 385F WIRED
• Fall 2004

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Spatial Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery

• Used for mining data in spatial databases with
  huge amounts of data
  
• Spatial data is defined as location-related data
  in an object  
  
• A spatial database stores spatial objects and
  spatial relationships between these objects
  
• Important application - GIS

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What is GIS

• Geographic Information System
• A computer-based system for storing, analyzing,
  and reporting map and spatial database, providing
  environmental, social economic and geographic
  information.
• A computer-assisted information system to
  collect, store, manipulate and display spatial
  within the context of an organization, with the
  purpose of functioning as a decision support
  system

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What is GIS

• Layers or Themes
• Objects that contain spatial information are
  represented as several different layers where
  each layer holds data about a particular kind of
  feature.
• Each feature is linked to a position on the
  graphical image on a map and a record in an
  attribute table.

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GIS Components

• Hardware (computer system)
• Software
• Data (spatial database)
• Developers and users
• Analysis and modeling

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Spatial Databases in GIS

• Data capture
• Data storage/retrieval
• Data display

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Data Storage
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Data Display
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A Example of Information analysis in GIS

• Stating the problem
• Breaking down the problem into a series of
  objectives
  
• Assigning value of suitability to the objectives
  
  
• Finding suitable areas

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Web GIS

• Web-GIS
• Web GIS is a geographic information system that
  GIS data and functionality are made available
  over the Internet.
  
• Hows it work
• On the server side GIS database and applications
  
  
• On the client side a user interface within a web
  browser.
  

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Web GIS

• Web GIS Advantages
• Unlimited access
• Low cost
• Easily to use
• Web GIS Disadvantages
• Download time
• Affected by network traffic
• Limited functions

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Web GIS

• Web GIS Examples
• National Geographic MapMachine
• Natural Resources Information