QUICK ASSESSMENT 2

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QUICK ASSESSMENT 2
PLEASE BE SILENT PLEASE DO NOT OPEN PAPERS
YET PLEASE FILL IN THE COVER
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QUICK ASSESSMENT 2
PLEASE BE SILENT THIS IS A 15 MINUTE TEST
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QUICK ASSESSMENT 2
PLEASE REMAIN SILENT SOME PEOPLE ARE STILL
WORKING PLEASE PASS PAPERS TO END OF ROWS
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LECTURE 17 AU REVOIR
Transformism is a fact of life and death
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gt 1,400 MICROBE SPECIES KILL PEOPLE

• Viruses, Bacteria, Protozoa
• 17 million human deaths per year
• About 1 in 3 human deaths
• But lt 1 in 50 in UK

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CURRENT MICRO-EVOLUTION OF MICROBES

• ANTIBIOTIC DRUG RESISTANCE
• HIV
• H5N1 BIRD FLU

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H5N1 BIRD FLU
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FLU VIRUSES

• 0.35 million humans deaths per year
• 1918 pandemic gt 25 million deaths
• RNA Viruses typical of bird guts

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H5N1 8 genes
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PANDEMIC FLU VIRUSES

• KEY MUTATIONS
• Gene NS blocks interferon
• Gene R acceptance into host cell

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FLU VIRUS RECEPTORS
Birds Humans

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FLU VIRUS RECEPTORS
Birds Humans

Pigs Horses
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H5N1 BIRD FLU

• - First known case, UK chickens
• 1993 - Virulent form, Vietnam chickens
• 1997 - First human cases, Hong Kong,
• 33 mortality

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H5N1 BIRD FLU
2000 - Virulent form, wild birds, SE Asia
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QINGHAI, China 6,000 dead geese
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BAR-HEADED GEESE
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GREY GEESE
Bar-headed Greylag Goose
Goose
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HYBRID GREYLAG x BAR-HEADED
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CAMEL
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LLAMA
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HYBRID CAMA
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VICUNA
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EVIDENCE FOR EVOLUTION

• TRANSFORMISM OCCURS
• HOMOLOGIES
• FOSSILS

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EVIDENCE FOR EVOLUTION

• TRANSFORMISM OCCURS
• HOMOLOGIES
• FOSSILS

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THE END OF THE BEGINNING


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