New Wave Auteurs on Europes Periphery 2

1
New Wave Auteurs on Europes Periphery 2

• Ingmar Bergman

2
Scandinavian Culture

• Music
• Jean Sibelius Edvard Grieg Carl Nielsen
• Theatre
• Ibsen and Strindberg
• Art
• Munch
• Themes
• long, dark winters contrast between unspoilt
  wilderness and inhuman face of the city
  emotional repression tormented discussions
  social conscience

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Scandinavian Cinema

• Post-Second World War government support
• Nordic Film and TV Fund
• Co-Production (Pelle the Conqueror)
• Auteurs
• Ingmar Bergman and Carl Theodor Dreyer
• Lars von Trier Dogma (Breaking the Waves
  Dancer in the Dark Italian for Beginners The
  Idiots Festen Mifune)
• Lukas Moodyson (Fucking Åmål Together A Hole
  in My Heart )

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Ingmar Bergman

• The Seventh Seal, Wild Strawberries, The Virgin
  Spring, Persona, Cries Whispers, The Silence,
  Fanny Alexander
• Theatre Autobiography
• Admired by
• Cahiers critics Fellini, Andrzej Wajda, Woody
  Allen, Satyajit Ray, Tarkovsky
• Ensemble production strategy
• Actors Bibi Andersson, Liv Ullmann, Max von
  Sydow, Erland Josephson Cinematographers Gunnar
  Fischer Sven Nykvist)
• criticised for refusal to acknowledge daily
  realities of life in Sweden
• a cinema of fantasy and obsession (Peter Cowie)

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The Seventh Seal (1957)

• Romantic Era
• Mythical biblical allegory
• The Knight
• Max von Sydow
• The magician the father

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Persona (1966)

• Chamber drama
• Intimate relationships
• Family breakdown
• Central female characters
• Liv Ullmann
• lover and leading actress
• communicate psychic states, not merely project
  pictures of external actions
• Parable of fragility of post-fascist democracy
• Historical guilt ideology of care

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The Mirror breakdown

• Self and Other
• the mirror image as a double
• the other half of your psyche
• characters divided in two
• each is the others missing half
• finally merge
• Cinema screen
• a form of mirror
• both reflects moves spectator into another state
  of life
• Psychic formal (cinematic) breakdown